Chapter 14
... 2. Prolonged training will increase maximal cardiac output, reduce blood pressure, increase ability to dissolve blood clots, etc.; improvements in lung function, psychological well-being, etc. are also observed. M. Development of the Heart (p. 442) 1. The heart is a derivative of mesoderm and begins ...
... 2. Prolonged training will increase maximal cardiac output, reduce blood pressure, increase ability to dissolve blood clots, etc.; improvements in lung function, psychological well-being, etc. are also observed. M. Development of the Heart (p. 442) 1. The heart is a derivative of mesoderm and begins ...
PAthoPhySIology of hEARt fAIluRE - The Association of Physicians
... paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Severe elevation (particularly acute elevation) of pulmonary venous pressure (above the oncotic pressure, which is about 28 mmhg) causes Pulmonary Edema. On physical exam crepitations or rales are present. Radiologically, chest x-ray findings may reveal cephalization ...
... paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Severe elevation (particularly acute elevation) of pulmonary venous pressure (above the oncotic pressure, which is about 28 mmhg) causes Pulmonary Edema. On physical exam crepitations or rales are present. Radiologically, chest x-ray findings may reveal cephalization ...
More on the right ventricle in pulmonary hypertension Robert Naeije and Stefano Ghio
... systemic vasodilators increased cardiac output with no significant change in pulmonary vascular pressures, thus, decreased PVR. But associated increased systemic venous return would increase RV end-diastolic volume (EDV), increase RV afterload because of an increased wall tension (estimated by EDV×P ...
... systemic vasodilators increased cardiac output with no significant change in pulmonary vascular pressures, thus, decreased PVR. But associated increased systemic venous return would increase RV end-diastolic volume (EDV), increase RV afterload because of an increased wall tension (estimated by EDV×P ...
(TGA)? - University of Maryland School of Medicine
... What is transposition of the great arteries (TGA)? TGA is a congenital heart defect in which the large blood vessels which carry blood from the heart to the lungs (pulmonary arteries) and body (aorta) are coming off the wrong pumping chambers (ventricles). In the normal situation, the pulmonary arte ...
... What is transposition of the great arteries (TGA)? TGA is a congenital heart defect in which the large blood vessels which carry blood from the heart to the lungs (pulmonary arteries) and body (aorta) are coming off the wrong pumping chambers (ventricles). In the normal situation, the pulmonary arte ...
Ventricular Septal Defects
... the region of the fossa ovalis cannot be detected, then a saline contrast bubble study is indicated. Please refer to Chapter 13 Paradoxical Embolism across a PFO. ...
... the region of the fossa ovalis cannot be detected, then a saline contrast bubble study is indicated. Please refer to Chapter 13 Paradoxical Embolism across a PFO. ...
cardiac cycle
... RV ~4 mmHg to ~15mmHg (~Pulmonary A pressure) At this point, semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves open against the pressures in the aorta and pulmonary artery ...
... RV ~4 mmHg to ~15mmHg (~Pulmonary A pressure) At this point, semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves open against the pressures in the aorta and pulmonary artery ...
PDF - Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
... include baffle obstruction, systemic ventricular failure, systemic atrioventricular valve regurgitation, and rhythm disturbances. The most common atrial arrhythmia in this population is intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia (IART), which has been associated with development of heart failure and death.1 ...
... include baffle obstruction, systemic ventricular failure, systemic atrioventricular valve regurgitation, and rhythm disturbances. The most common atrial arrhythmia in this population is intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia (IART), which has been associated with development of heart failure and death.1 ...
CVS EXAM
... S1: Mitral & tricuspid closure, beginning of ventricular systole S2: Aortic & Pulmonary closure: end of systole/beginning of diastole Normal Splitting: A2 then P2 (lower pressure in pulm system) Increased by inspiration ( VR to right side) Increased normal splitting: (wider on inspiration) Delayed ...
... S1: Mitral & tricuspid closure, beginning of ventricular systole S2: Aortic & Pulmonary closure: end of systole/beginning of diastole Normal Splitting: A2 then P2 (lower pressure in pulm system) Increased by inspiration ( VR to right side) Increased normal splitting: (wider on inspiration) Delayed ...
Key review sheet
... 21. TRUE/FALSE Local control over perfusion is made possible by pre-capillary sphincters that open when the C02 in the tissue rises. 22. Identify the advantage of local control over perfusion. a. Conservation of energy b. No capillary bed gets extra blood that it doesn't need c. Both 23. During the ...
... 21. TRUE/FALSE Local control over perfusion is made possible by pre-capillary sphincters that open when the C02 in the tissue rises. 22. Identify the advantage of local control over perfusion. a. Conservation of energy b. No capillary bed gets extra blood that it doesn't need c. Both 23. During the ...
Cardiac Defects: Atrioventricular Canal Defects
... Complete Atrioventricular Canal (CAVC) Complete atrioventricular canal (CAVC) defect is a severe defect in which there is a large hole in the tissue (the septum) that separates the left and right sides of the heart. The hole is in the center of the heart, where the upper chambers (the atria) and the ...
... Complete Atrioventricular Canal (CAVC) Complete atrioventricular canal (CAVC) defect is a severe defect in which there is a large hole in the tissue (the septum) that separates the left and right sides of the heart. The hole is in the center of the heart, where the upper chambers (the atria) and the ...
Classroom Activities
... body do not move. If a cell is hungry or needs to get rid of waste, it can’t simply move itself to the part of your body where it needs to go. Instead, your body must bring the food to your cells and take the waste away from them. Using billions of tiny tubes, your body is constantly pumping blood t ...
... body do not move. If a cell is hungry or needs to get rid of waste, it can’t simply move itself to the part of your body where it needs to go. Instead, your body must bring the food to your cells and take the waste away from them. Using billions of tiny tubes, your body is constantly pumping blood t ...
brief communications
... to the left ventricle, distorting the left and right ventricles. Ao = aorta; IVS = intraventricular septum; LA = left atrium; LV = left ventricle; M = mass;RV = right ventricle. ...
... to the left ventricle, distorting the left and right ventricles. Ao = aorta; IVS = intraventricular septum; LA = left atrium; LV = left ventricle; M = mass;RV = right ventricle. ...
Malignant neurilemmoma of left atrium
... normal configuration of the cardiac shadow and faint A 31-year-old woman remained in good health until oval shadows in the left upper and right middle lung the beginning of February 1979, when she noticed fields. An M-mode echocardiogram showed a mass of slight back pain and numbness in the left leg ...
... normal configuration of the cardiac shadow and faint A 31-year-old woman remained in good health until oval shadows in the left upper and right middle lung the beginning of February 1979, when she noticed fields. An M-mode echocardiogram showed a mass of slight back pain and numbness in the left leg ...
Cardiology Board Review
... stenosis results from systolic blood flow from the left ventricle across the abnormally narrowed orifice of the aortic valve. The narrowing yields a diminished valve area through which the stroke volume crosses, creating turbulence that is noted during auscultation as a systolic ejection murmur and ...
... stenosis results from systolic blood flow from the left ventricle across the abnormally narrowed orifice of the aortic valve. The narrowing yields a diminished valve area through which the stroke volume crosses, creating turbulence that is noted during auscultation as a systolic ejection murmur and ...
Thrombolysis
... pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular function remain abnormal despite adequate anticoagulant treatment in 10–30% of patients, and 0.5–4% is diagnosed with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) which represents the most severe long term complication of acute PE. From these ...
... pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular function remain abnormal despite adequate anticoagulant treatment in 10–30% of patients, and 0.5–4% is diagnosed with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) which represents the most severe long term complication of acute PE. From these ...
Sequential segmental analysis in complex fetal cardiac
... artery connects to which ventricle. To describe ventriculoarterial connections, the echocardiographic features used to distinguish aorta, pulmonary trunk and common arterial trunk have to be known. The aorta is the great artery that gives branches to the head, neck and arm arteries and coronary arte ...
... artery connects to which ventricle. To describe ventriculoarterial connections, the echocardiographic features used to distinguish aorta, pulmonary trunk and common arterial trunk have to be known. The aorta is the great artery that gives branches to the head, neck and arm arteries and coronary arte ...
Evaluation of Right Ventricular Systolic Function by
... include: right atrial and right ventricular enlargement, prominent pulmonary artery segment as well as congestion of central pulmonary arteries. As the pulmonary vasculature resistance increase and the CHD are not corrected, the heart size may decrease due to a smaller left to right shunt (12). In t ...
... include: right atrial and right ventricular enlargement, prominent pulmonary artery segment as well as congestion of central pulmonary arteries. As the pulmonary vasculature resistance increase and the CHD are not corrected, the heart size may decrease due to a smaller left to right shunt (12). In t ...
Neonatology
... –Results in ventricular hypertrophy and eventually cardiogenic shock Cyanotic Heart Disease •Right to Left shunts –Mixing of right and left heart blood •Intracardiac (ASD, VSD) •Extracardiac (PDA) •A greater pressure gradient on the right side of the heart causing a shunt to the left side –Low O2 sa ...
... –Results in ventricular hypertrophy and eventually cardiogenic shock Cyanotic Heart Disease •Right to Left shunts –Mixing of right and left heart blood •Intracardiac (ASD, VSD) •Extracardiac (PDA) •A greater pressure gradient on the right side of the heart causing a shunt to the left side –Low O2 sa ...
TRICUSPID ATRESIA BY DR ANKUR
... o Atrioventricular canal type is extremely rare (0.2%). leaflet of the common atrioventricular valve seals off only entrance into right ventricle. ...
... o Atrioventricular canal type is extremely rare (0.2%). leaflet of the common atrioventricular valve seals off only entrance into right ventricle. ...
Midterm results after surgical correction of total anomalous
... (PFO) or atrial septal defect (ASD) nearly always is present because for survival after birth, a communication between systemic and pulmonary circulation must exist [1,3]. Infants born with TAPVC have a generally unfavorable prognosis, with only about 20% surviving the first year of life. Surgical t ...
... (PFO) or atrial septal defect (ASD) nearly always is present because for survival after birth, a communication between systemic and pulmonary circulation must exist [1,3]. Infants born with TAPVC have a generally unfavorable prognosis, with only about 20% surviving the first year of life. Surgical t ...
Subdivisions of mediastinum
... Transverse sinus of pericardium 心包横窦－posterior to ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk, anterior to superior vena cava and left atrium. Oblique sinus of pericardium 心包斜窦－cul-de-sac , posterior to heart, bounded by pulmonary veins on either side ...
... Transverse sinus of pericardium 心包横窦－posterior to ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk, anterior to superior vena cava and left atrium. Oblique sinus of pericardium 心包斜窦－cul-de-sac , posterior to heart, bounded by pulmonary veins on either side ...
Heart Muscle Differentiation
... more surprising that the occurrence of abnormality is so infrequent. ...
... more surprising that the occurrence of abnormality is so infrequent. ...
Atrial Defects
... other cardiac abnormalities are common. • The infantile type is not consistent with life, and is generally seen in stillborn infants. CH0576/RHY ...
... other cardiac abnormalities are common. • The infantile type is not consistent with life, and is generally seen in stillborn infants. CH0576/RHY ...
Atrial septal defect
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Normally, the atria are separated by a dividing wall, the interatrial septum. If this septum is defective or absent, then oxygen-rich blood can flow directly from the left side of the heart to mix with the oxygen-poor blood in the right side of the heart, or vice versa. This can lead to lower-than-normal oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the brain, organs, and tissues. However, an ASD may not produce noticeable signs or symptoms, especially if the defect is small.A ""shunt"" is the presence of a net flow of blood through the defect, either from left to right or right to left. The amount of shunting present, if any, determines the hemodynamic significance of the ASD. A ""right-to-left-shunt"" typically poses the more dangerous scenario.During development of the fetus, the interatrial septum develops to separate the left and right atria. However, a hole in the septum called the foramen ovale, allows blood from the right atrium to enter the left atrium during fetal development. This opening allows blood to bypass the nonfunctional fetal lungs while the fetus obtains its oxygen from the placenta. A layer of tissue called the septum primum acts as a valve over the foramen ovale during fetal development. After birth, the pressure in the right side of the heart drops as the lungs open and begin working, causing the foramen ovale to close entirely. In approximately 25% of adults, the foramen ovale does not entirely seal. In these cases, any elevation of the pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (due to pulmonary hypertension, temporarily while coughing, etc.) can cause the foramen ovale to remain open. This is known as a patent foramen ovale (PFO), which is a type of atrial septal defect.