II. Semiconductor optical amplifier
... Cross phase modulation as the using wavelength converter present more advantages when compared to other schemes: high conversion efficiency and output extinction ration; different techniques can be applied to permit conversion after the SOA temporal response; and the output signal information is log ...
... Cross phase modulation as the using wavelength converter present more advantages when compared to other schemes: high conversion efficiency and output extinction ration; different techniques can be applied to permit conversion after the SOA temporal response; and the output signal information is log ...
AR paperfor EJPresubmission WDS - Spiral
... Li et al. continuously monitor IOP levels (using PowerLab software). The OCT probe was aimed at the inferior lateral limbus and the image was centered and focused at SC. While collecting images, mouse eyes were subjected to a series of IOP steps (10, 15, 30 mmHg) by adjusting the height of the flui ...
... Li et al. continuously monitor IOP levels (using PowerLab software). The OCT probe was aimed at the inferior lateral limbus and the image was centered and focused at SC. While collecting images, mouse eyes were subjected to a series of IOP steps (10, 15, 30 mmHg) by adjusting the height of the flui ...
Chapter 35
... said to have a phase difference. Clearly, the phase difference becomes zero again if two plane waves are shifted with respect to each other by an integer number of wavelengths. Thus we care about shifts of lengths less than a wavelength only. Phase differences are measured in degrees. A shift of a w ...
... said to have a phase difference. Clearly, the phase difference becomes zero again if two plane waves are shifted with respect to each other by an integer number of wavelengths. Thus we care about shifts of lengths less than a wavelength only. Phase differences are measured in degrees. A shift of a w ...
Waveguide electro-optic modulation in micro-engineered
... used to realize new geometries which can take the performance to unprecedented levels. In particular we will review recent results on the use of domain inversion on a micron scale to improve the electro-optic response of LiNbO3 waveguide modulators in terms of bandwidth and driving voltage. These ap ...
... used to realize new geometries which can take the performance to unprecedented levels. In particular we will review recent results on the use of domain inversion on a micron scale to improve the electro-optic response of LiNbO3 waveguide modulators in terms of bandwidth and driving voltage. These ap ...
Optical Data Storage.pdf
... thus using a nonlinear optical phenomenon for the read-out stage as well. One possible way to combine the advantages of these two distinct techniques would consist in using two-photon isomerisation in a photoassisted poling scheme followed by a simple SHG read-out stage. However, the critical step w ...
... thus using a nonlinear optical phenomenon for the read-out stage as well. One possible way to combine the advantages of these two distinct techniques would consist in using two-photon isomerisation in a photoassisted poling scheme followed by a simple SHG read-out stage. However, the critical step w ...
Optical image recognition of three-dimensional objects
... part of the PSF either by a direct difference of illumination or by an interferometric interaction of two pupils. The latter method involves encoding and decoding steps, and some possible schemes based on temporal frequency modulation12,16,17 and spatial encoding have been proposed.18 –20 Among the ...
... part of the PSF either by a direct difference of illumination or by an interferometric interaction of two pupils. The latter method involves encoding and decoding steps, and some possible schemes based on temporal frequency modulation12,16,17 and spatial encoding have been proposed.18 –20 Among the ...
Preview of “ZEISS Microscopy Online ...Aperture and Resolution”
... is the limiting factor in achieving numerical apertures greater than 1.0. Therefore, in order to obtain higher working numerical apertures, the refractive index of the medium between the front lens of the objective and the specimen cover slip must be increased. ...
... is the limiting factor in achieving numerical apertures greater than 1.0. Therefore, in order to obtain higher working numerical apertures, the refractive index of the medium between the front lens of the objective and the specimen cover slip must be increased. ...
``Interaction-free`` imaging - Vienna Center for Quantum Science and
... in Fig. 4, these being obtained for R.0.5, i.e., input light polarized at .45° and analyzing at .245°. The objects were scanned stepwise through the beam using a motorized translation stage incorporating a highresolution ~0.0555-mm! encoder. At each step two measurements were recorded: The first was ...
... in Fig. 4, these being obtained for R.0.5, i.e., input light polarized at .45° and analyzing at .245°. The objects were scanned stepwise through the beam using a motorized translation stage incorporating a highresolution ~0.0555-mm! encoder. At each step two measurements were recorded: The first was ...
Exposure and Imaging
... – The best lenses used in projection lithography have NA = 0.3 - 0.4 – A lens with NA = 0.50 is a f/1.00 lens: its focal length and effective diameter are the same! – The largest NA lenses ever made were a NA = 0.54 and a NA = 0.60 by Nikon. ...
... – The best lenses used in projection lithography have NA = 0.3 - 0.4 – A lens with NA = 0.50 is a f/1.00 lens: its focal length and effective diameter are the same! – The largest NA lenses ever made were a NA = 0.54 and a NA = 0.60 by Nikon. ...
Dielectric Omnidirectional Visible Reflector
... that a large number of layers be deposited for high ref lectivity values and a stop band to be achieved. Another challenge is to control surface roughness to an acceptable level 共⬃1%兲 to minimize scattering loss and develop a process so that the materials conform mechanically without high stress bui ...
... that a large number of layers be deposited for high ref lectivity values and a stop band to be achieved. Another challenge is to control surface roughness to an acceptable level 共⬃1%兲 to minimize scattering loss and develop a process so that the materials conform mechanically without high stress bui ...
Absolute Specular Reflectance Measurements at Fixed
... The VN design offers several advantages over other absolute specular reflectance devices as well. Unlike the expensive variable angle accessories, the PELA 6000 series offers measurement capability at key beam angles, which are available alone or in combination with other angles. The VN accessories ...
... The VN design offers several advantages over other absolute specular reflectance devices as well. Unlike the expensive variable angle accessories, the PELA 6000 series offers measurement capability at key beam angles, which are available alone or in combination with other angles. The VN accessories ...
Kerala University Optoelectronics Optical Communication
... 2. Eric Udd (Ed), Fiber optic sensors: An introduction for engineers and scientists, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 1991 3. B.D Gupta, Fiber optic sensors: Principles and applications, New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi. , 2006 4. Bio-medical sensors using optical fibers, Report on Progress in Physic ...
... 2. Eric Udd (Ed), Fiber optic sensors: An introduction for engineers and scientists, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 1991 3. B.D Gupta, Fiber optic sensors: Principles and applications, New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi. , 2006 4. Bio-medical sensors using optical fibers, Report on Progress in Physic ...
Interferometric measurement of the resonant absorption and
... popular textbooks.6,7 Optical absorption near an atomic resonance is straightforward to observe by measuring the light transmitted through a gas cell as a function of laser frequency. Measuring changes in the index of refraction of a vapor can be more challenging, because even a sizable total absorp ...
... popular textbooks.6,7 Optical absorption near an atomic resonance is straightforward to observe by measuring the light transmitted through a gas cell as a function of laser frequency. Measuring changes in the index of refraction of a vapor can be more challenging, because even a sizable total absorp ...
conclusion
... mechanical support for the active parts of the device. Its refractive index is 1.51. We generated the phase delaying structures in an amorphous carbon layer film; this material is also often called diamond like carbon (DLC). The phase delaying structures can be generated directly in this substrate. ...
... mechanical support for the active parts of the device. Its refractive index is 1.51. We generated the phase delaying structures in an amorphous carbon layer film; this material is also often called diamond like carbon (DLC). The phase delaying structures can be generated directly in this substrate. ...
optical properties of skin, subcutaneous, and muscle tissues
... have high total attenuation coe±cients in the visible and NIR spectral range. Therefore, the collimated transmittance measurement for such samples (e.g., the undiluted blood layer with a moderate thickness 0:1 mm is a technically di±cult task.56 To solve this problem, a powerful light source combi ...
... have high total attenuation coe±cients in the visible and NIR spectral range. Therefore, the collimated transmittance measurement for such samples (e.g., the undiluted blood layer with a moderate thickness 0:1 mm is a technically di±cult task.56 To solve this problem, a powerful light source combi ...
Wavefront Refraction and Correction
... research included in this feature issue highlights several other important developments and emerging clinical applications. It is now possible to use the same Zernike polynomial descriptions of the cornea and the whole eye, formally connecting the structural measurements of the cornea to their optic ...
... research included in this feature issue highlights several other important developments and emerging clinical applications. It is now possible to use the same Zernike polynomial descriptions of the cornea and the whole eye, formally connecting the structural measurements of the cornea to their optic ...
Point-focus spectral splitting solar concentrator
... constraint on the materials choice. Sub cells current matching requirements due to the series connection and the need for tunnel junctions between sub-cells further limit the design freedom. The resulting fabrication process of MJ cells, generally based on stacked mono-crystalline III-V materials, ...
... constraint on the materials choice. Sub cells current matching requirements due to the series connection and the need for tunnel junctions between sub-cells further limit the design freedom. The resulting fabrication process of MJ cells, generally based on stacked mono-crystalline III-V materials, ...
PDF
... were visualized using the three-photon excitation fluorescence polarized microscopy (3PEFPM) that utilizes fluorescence signals from the LC molecules excited through a three-photon absorption process [20]. The advantage of using this technique is that, unlike fluorescence confocal polarizing microsc ...
... were visualized using the three-photon excitation fluorescence polarized microscopy (3PEFPM) that utilizes fluorescence signals from the LC molecules excited through a three-photon absorption process [20]. The advantage of using this technique is that, unlike fluorescence confocal polarizing microsc ...
Standards for Reporting the Optical Aberrations of Eyes
... Because the exit pupil is not readily accessible in the living eye whereas the entrance pupil is, the committee recommends that calculations for specifying the optical aberration of the eye be referenced to the plane of the entrance pupil. Background Optical aberration measurements of the eye from v ...
... Because the exit pupil is not readily accessible in the living eye whereas the entrance pupil is, the committee recommends that calculations for specifying the optical aberration of the eye be referenced to the plane of the entrance pupil. Background Optical aberration measurements of the eye from v ...
Transmission Media
... characteristics. For guided media, the medium is more important in determining the limitations of transmission. While in case of unguided media, the bandwidth of the signal produced by the transmitting antenna and the size of the antenna is more important than the medium. Signals at lower frequencie ...
... characteristics. For guided media, the medium is more important in determining the limitations of transmission. While in case of unguided media, the bandwidth of the signal produced by the transmitting antenna and the size of the antenna is more important than the medium. Signals at lower frequencie ...
4 Modeling of SVE fields in WaveTrain
... screens, or possibly platform jitters impressed on the beam via dynamic beam-tilt modules. (2) The characteristic optical frequency phasor, e ...
... screens, or possibly platform jitters impressed on the beam via dynamic beam-tilt modules. (2) The characteristic optical frequency phasor, e ...
TS2
... polymers (15), and compound glasses. Selective doping of specified regions to introduce rare-earth ions or render the glass photosensitive is much more difficult, however. The first convincing photonic crystal fiber structure emerged from the fiber drawing tower in November 1995. It had a hexagonal ...
... polymers (15), and compound glasses. Selective doping of specified regions to introduce rare-earth ions or render the glass photosensitive is much more difficult, however. The first convincing photonic crystal fiber structure emerged from the fiber drawing tower in November 1995. It had a hexagonal ...
Ultra-low power parametric frequency conversion in a silicon
... and is limited by the tunable filters used in our experimental setup. Note that the time scale of the operation of the device is limited by the bandwidth of the resonator. The devices demonstrated here can be used for optical data rates as high as 10 Gbit/s [27]. We measure the FWM efficiency as a f ...
... and is limited by the tunable filters used in our experimental setup. Note that the time scale of the operation of the device is limited by the bandwidth of the resonator. The devices demonstrated here can be used for optical data rates as high as 10 Gbit/s [27]. We measure the FWM efficiency as a f ...
The color of shock waves in photonic crystals Abstract Evan J. Reed,
... Manipulation of light using technologies that do not require electronics is the only feasible way to retain information about phase coherence and/or quantum information. These properties are required for many all-optical signal processing schemes and all quantum information processing and transport ...
... Manipulation of light using technologies that do not require electronics is the only feasible way to retain information about phase coherence and/or quantum information. These properties are required for many all-optical signal processing schemes and all quantum information processing and transport ...
Chapter 12: Light
... Snell’s Law Suppose we have a light traveling from one medium to another. We know that the speed of the light will changes, and because of the change in speed, the light will be refracted. Two ...
... Snell’s Law Suppose we have a light traveling from one medium to another. We know that the speed of the light will changes, and because of the change in speed, the light will be refracted. Two ...
Optical coherence tomography
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an established medical imaging technique that uses light to capture micrometer-resolution, three-dimensional images from within optical scattering media (e.g., biological tissue). Optical coherence tomography is based on low-coherence interferometry, typically employing near-infrared light. The use of relatively long wavelength light allows it to penetrate into the scattering medium. Confocal microscopy, another optical technique, typically penetrates less deeply into the sample but with higher resolution.Depending on the properties of the light source (superluminescent diodes, ultrashort pulsed lasers, and supercontinuum lasers have been employed), optical coherence tomography has achieved sub- micrometer resolution (with very wide-spectrum sources emitting over a ~100 nm wavelength range).Optical coherence tomography is one of a class of optical tomographic techniques. A relatively recent implementation of optical coherence tomography, frequency-domain optical coherence tomography, provides advantages in signal-to-noise ratio, permitting faster signal acquisition. Commercially available optical coherence tomography systems are employed in diverse applications, including art conservation and diagnostic medicine, notably in ophthalmology and optometry where it can be used to obtain detailed images from within the retina. Recently it has also begun to be used in interventional cardiology to help diagnose coronary artery disease. It has also shown promise in dermatology to improve the diagnostic process.