High accuracy ranging with Yb -doped fiber-ring frequency
... measuring (via superposition of the test beam with a reference beam) the phase / = 2xh/c induced by propagation of the test beam through an incremental distance h to a reflecting (mirror) surface. Interferometric measurements provide only values of relative distances: they give the distance that the ...
... measuring (via superposition of the test beam with a reference beam) the phase / = 2xh/c induced by propagation of the test beam through an incremental distance h to a reflecting (mirror) surface. Interferometric measurements provide only values of relative distances: they give the distance that the ...
Propagation and Perception of Bioluminescence: Factors Affecting
... influence image propagation, such as marine snow and refractive index inhomogeneities. The large particles of marine snow will limit the long-range visibility of small objects by direct occlusion, and refractive index inhomogeneities may slightly increase scattering at very small angles (below the r ...
... influence image propagation, such as marine snow and refractive index inhomogeneities. The large particles of marine snow will limit the long-range visibility of small objects by direct occlusion, and refractive index inhomogeneities may slightly increase scattering at very small angles (below the r ...
Derivation of longitudinal Doppler shift equation
... Wave-particle duality has been discussed in quantum mechanics, however there is no discussion in the theory of special relativity. Sato [1] discussed the Michelson-Morley experiment in terms of single photons using de Broglie-Bohm picture: that is, the Michelson-Morley experiment showed an interfere ...
... Wave-particle duality has been discussed in quantum mechanics, however there is no discussion in the theory of special relativity. Sato [1] discussed the Michelson-Morley experiment in terms of single photons using de Broglie-Bohm picture: that is, the Michelson-Morley experiment showed an interfere ...
A negative permeability material at red light
... occur for the case of an isolated strip pair of the same structural dimensions and materials. Recent studies [3,5,7] show that the destructive effect of the electric anti-resonance, which tends to make ε' (as well as n') positive, can be straightforwardly compensated by adding background metallic el ...
... occur for the case of an isolated strip pair of the same structural dimensions and materials. Recent studies [3,5,7] show that the destructive effect of the electric anti-resonance, which tends to make ε' (as well as n') positive, can be straightforwardly compensated by adding background metallic el ...
Silica-Based Highly Nonlinear Fibers and Their Applications
... maximized when the phase matching condition is satisfied among the probe, pump, and idler lights, because the idler light is always added with the same phase. If the pump wavelength is identical to the zero dispersion wavelength of the HNLF, the phase matching condition satisfies over a wide range o ...
... maximized when the phase matching condition is satisfied among the probe, pump, and idler lights, because the idler light is always added with the same phase. If the pump wavelength is identical to the zero dispersion wavelength of the HNLF, the phase matching condition satisfies over a wide range o ...
Presbyopia Correction: Can We Match Mother Nature?
... on Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine, Sanofi-Aventis) therapy, Dr. Lonsberry said. Testing included a comprehensive eye exam that consisted of an assessment of the posterior segment with careful evaluation of associated macular changes or signs of retinal disease. An Amsler grid or central 10-2 visual f ...
... on Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine, Sanofi-Aventis) therapy, Dr. Lonsberry said. Testing included a comprehensive eye exam that consisted of an assessment of the posterior segment with careful evaluation of associated macular changes or signs of retinal disease. An Amsler grid or central 10-2 visual f ...
EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES
... configuration of the paths of the incident and reflected beams gives the reflected image a high level of illumination. This makes it easy to visualise the sample and provide a high contrast in the observation ...
... configuration of the paths of the incident and reflected beams gives the reflected image a high level of illumination. This makes it easy to visualise the sample and provide a high contrast in the observation ...
Generalizing the Confocal Microscope via Heterodyne Interferometry and Digital Filtering
... design, the thin lens (for small NA) and Fourier transformer (for large NA) models in most imaging theory. Sometimes an extra cos1/2θ apodization factor is added for energy conservation; this seems a needless elaboration in an approximate theory, especially since energy conservation in propagating f ...
... design, the thin lens (for small NA) and Fourier transformer (for large NA) models in most imaging theory. Sometimes an extra cos1/2θ apodization factor is added for energy conservation; this seems a needless elaboration in an approximate theory, especially since energy conservation in propagating f ...
LiNbO3 high-Speed optical FSK modulator
... Introduction: In previous works, frequency-shift-keying (FSK) modulation for coherent optical systems was investigated to obtain enhanced receiver sensitivity [ I , 2]. Recently, optical packet systems using FSK technique have received considerable attention. FSK is an effective scheme for optical l ...
... Introduction: In previous works, frequency-shift-keying (FSK) modulation for coherent optical systems was investigated to obtain enhanced receiver sensitivity [ I , 2]. Recently, optical packet systems using FSK technique have received considerable attention. FSK is an effective scheme for optical l ...
Preface The history of science is, to a considerable degree, the
... The history of science is, to a considerable degree, the history of invention, development and perfecting of imaging methods and devices. Modern science began with the invention and application of optical telescope and microscope in the beginning of 17-th century by Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), Anth ...
... The history of science is, to a considerable degree, the history of invention, development and perfecting of imaging methods and devices. Modern science began with the invention and application of optical telescope and microscope in the beginning of 17-th century by Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), Anth ...
Quadrature frequency doubling
... Application in medicine....................................................................................................... 16 ...
... Application in medicine....................................................................................................... 16 ...
Measuring cellular structure at submicrometer scale with light
... This ratio is close to one for angles near the exact backward direction [tile A in Fig. 3(d)] and along the and axes, which illustrates the fact that despite the addition of small particles, the backscattering signal remains unchanged in these regions. We, therefore, conclude that the scattering in ...
... This ratio is close to one for angles near the exact backward direction [tile A in Fig. 3(d)] and along the and axes, which illustrates the fact that despite the addition of small particles, the backscattering signal remains unchanged in these regions. We, therefore, conclude that the scattering in ...
ORB: An On-chip Optical Ring Bus Communication Architecture for Multi-Processor Systems-on-Chip
... level are already being actively developed [8], on-chip optical interconnects have only lately begun to receive attention. This is due to the recent development of CMOS compatible silicon-based optical components such as light sources [9], waveguides [10], modulators [11-12] and detectors [13-14], w ...
... level are already being actively developed [8], on-chip optical interconnects have only lately begun to receive attention. This is due to the recent development of CMOS compatible silicon-based optical components such as light sources [9], waveguides [10], modulators [11-12] and detectors [13-14], w ...
Color of Shock Waves in Photonic Crystals
... An important implication of Eq. (4) is that the bandwidth of a pulse of light can be modified in a controlled fashion while bouncing between the moving shock wave and a fixed reflecting surface as in Fig. 3. Equation (4) indicates that the width of a wave packet in crystal momentum space k should b ...
... An important implication of Eq. (4) is that the bandwidth of a pulse of light can be modified in a controlled fashion while bouncing between the moving shock wave and a fixed reflecting surface as in Fig. 3. Equation (4) indicates that the width of a wave packet in crystal momentum space k should b ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
... Figure (5.b) shows the refractive index as function of wavelength for pristine and nitrogen plasma treated PS films at different durations. It is clear from this figure, that the refractive index for pristine and nitrogen plasma treated PS films decrease with increasing λ. Also the values of (n) sho ...
... Figure (5.b) shows the refractive index as function of wavelength for pristine and nitrogen plasma treated PS films at different durations. It is clear from this figure, that the refractive index for pristine and nitrogen plasma treated PS films decrease with increasing λ. Also the values of (n) sho ...
Business Unit Fiber Optics Business Unit Fiber Optics Fiberoptic
... You will notice that since the output beam diameter is 100X the fiber diameter, and the NA of the output beam is 1/100th the fiber NA. This is the “best” collimation that can be achieved with these parameters. If your output beam was twice as large (20mm) then the calculated divergence would be cut ...
... You will notice that since the output beam diameter is 100X the fiber diameter, and the NA of the output beam is 1/100th the fiber NA. This is the “best” collimation that can be achieved with these parameters. If your output beam was twice as large (20mm) then the calculated divergence would be cut ...
Optical properties of the human tissue
... method is widely used in tissue optics for processing the experimental data of spectrophotometry with integrating spheres. This method allows one to determine the absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients of a turbid media from the measured values of the total transmittance and the diffuse ...
... method is widely used in tissue optics for processing the experimental data of spectrophotometry with integrating spheres. This method allows one to determine the absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients of a turbid media from the measured values of the total transmittance and the diffuse ...
lecture_five_2016
... sheet. The sheet is stretched aligning molecules and causing them to be birefringent. The molecules selectively attach themselves to aligned polymer molecules, so that absorption is high in one plane and weak in the other. The transmitted beam is linearly polarized. 5.2.4 Polarization of scattered l ...
... sheet. The sheet is stretched aligning molecules and causing them to be birefringent. The molecules selectively attach themselves to aligned polymer molecules, so that absorption is high in one plane and weak in the other. The transmitted beam is linearly polarized. 5.2.4 Polarization of scattered l ...
... By using three-dimensional digital video microscopy (DVM-3D), we study the displacement of a Brownian particle immersed in a polymeric solution located near a rigid wall. The technique takes advantage of the diffraction pattern generated by a fluorescent particle that is found below the focal plane ...
- Natural Sciences Publishing
... Abstract: GexSb40-xSe60 (where 10≤ x≤ 30 at %) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by thermal evaporation technique. X-ray diffraction analysis for as – deposited films showed that they have amorphous structure. The optical constants of the as- deposited films were calculated from optical t ...
... Abstract: GexSb40-xSe60 (where 10≤ x≤ 30 at %) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by thermal evaporation technique. X-ray diffraction analysis for as – deposited films showed that they have amorphous structure. The optical constants of the as- deposited films were calculated from optical t ...
Sub-100 nm lithography using ultrashort wavelength of surface plasmons
... hole array [Fig. 3(a)] exhibits significant enhancement of the field strength and tight confinement of the field distribution compared with that of the aluminum hole array [Fig. 3(b)]. This offers the opportunity to further extend the resolution limit of the plasmonic lithography. The hole diameter, ...
... hole array [Fig. 3(a)] exhibits significant enhancement of the field strength and tight confinement of the field distribution compared with that of the aluminum hole array [Fig. 3(b)]. This offers the opportunity to further extend the resolution limit of the plasmonic lithography. The hole diameter, ...
Technologies - E
... 1.6. Sub-wavelength-diameter silica wires for low-loss optical wave guiding (1) ...
... 1.6. Sub-wavelength-diameter silica wires for low-loss optical wave guiding (1) ...
arXiv:quant-ph/0602132 v2 20 Feb 2006
... data storage densities beyond those of present day systems. The trend of compacting more information into an optical disc therefore primarily relies on the use of shorter wavelength lasers to achieve smaller diffraction limited spot sizes. One could envisage that in the not too distant future, such ...
... data storage densities beyond those of present day systems. The trend of compacting more information into an optical disc therefore primarily relies on the use of shorter wavelength lasers to achieve smaller diffraction limited spot sizes. One could envisage that in the not too distant future, such ...
Optical coherence tomography
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an established medical imaging technique that uses light to capture micrometer-resolution, three-dimensional images from within optical scattering media (e.g., biological tissue). Optical coherence tomography is based on low-coherence interferometry, typically employing near-infrared light. The use of relatively long wavelength light allows it to penetrate into the scattering medium. Confocal microscopy, another optical technique, typically penetrates less deeply into the sample but with higher resolution.Depending on the properties of the light source (superluminescent diodes, ultrashort pulsed lasers, and supercontinuum lasers have been employed), optical coherence tomography has achieved sub- micrometer resolution (with very wide-spectrum sources emitting over a ~100 nm wavelength range).Optical coherence tomography is one of a class of optical tomographic techniques. A relatively recent implementation of optical coherence tomography, frequency-domain optical coherence tomography, provides advantages in signal-to-noise ratio, permitting faster signal acquisition. Commercially available optical coherence tomography systems are employed in diverse applications, including art conservation and diagnostic medicine, notably in ophthalmology and optometry where it can be used to obtain detailed images from within the retina. Recently it has also begun to be used in interventional cardiology to help diagnose coronary artery disease. It has also shown promise in dermatology to improve the diagnostic process.