• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
No Slide Title - Webcast
No Slide Title - Webcast

lecture notes - Particle Physics, Lund University
lecture notes - Particle Physics, Lund University

... The numbers specified as the relative strengths of the forces should not be taken too literally since such information can not be given unarbitrarily. A measure of the strength can be given by how strongly the force mediators couple to other particles i.e. how high the probability is that an interac ...
Searches for NP : non-SUSY scenarios
Searches for NP : non-SUSY scenarios

USING STANDARD SYSTE
USING STANDARD SYSTE

t - H1
t - H1

... Mass ...
Colloquium Slides
Colloquium Slides

Neutrinos and Nucleosynthesis
Neutrinos and Nucleosynthesis

the nuclear, plasma, and radiation universe
the nuclear, plasma, and radiation universe

Chemical freeze-out properties
Chemical freeze-out properties

CHAPTER 14: Elementary Particles
CHAPTER 14: Elementary Particles

... There is no conservation law for the production of mesons, but it appeared that K mesons, as well as the Λ and Σ baryons, were always produced in pairs in the p + p reaction. One would expect the K0 meson to also decay into two photons very quickly, but it does not. A new quantum number was defined: ...
Effective Field Theory
Effective Field Theory

ppt
ppt

mathematical principles of natural philosophy
mathematical principles of natural philosophy

... The new equations captured a wider range of phenomena, including both previously known and newly predicted kinds of light (what we now call ultraviolet radiation and radio waves, for example), in a precise mathematical world-model. Again, however, the big advance required a readjustment and vast exp ...
Particle Physics Matter, Energy, Space, Time
Particle Physics Matter, Energy, Space, Time

... • Physics as we know it ends at TeV – Ultimate scale of physics: quantum gravity – May have quantum gravity at TeV  hidden dimensions (0.01cm to 10–17 cm) UCB Colloquium ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

The Cosmological Constant From The Viewpoint Of String Theory
The Cosmological Constant From The Viewpoint Of String Theory

Here - Winter Nuclear and Particle Physics Conference
Here - Winter Nuclear and Particle Physics Conference

Handout 12. Ising Model - Stanford University
Handout 12. Ising Model - Stanford University

412
412

... Intriguing suggestion: Observed time-delays can be explained by LV effects with ξ ≈0.4 !!! (Disclaimer: standard physical processes in the sources can explain the observed delays. Furthermore, FERMI GRB 090510 seems to require hypothesis of redshift dependence of the LIV effect. Ellis et al, arXiv:0 ...
URL - StealthSkater
URL - StealthSkater

bern
bern

... maximally super-Yang-Mills scattering amplitudes to all loop orders. • Quantum gravity: reexamination of standard wisdom on ultraviolet properties of quantum gravity. ...
History of the Atom
History of the Atom

... nucleus in specific energy levels, called  shells. He discovered that electrons jump between  these shells by gaining or losing energy, and  that each shell can contain a limited number  of electrons. The first three shells are known to be able to  hold two, eight and eight electrons. ...
String Backgrounds
String Backgrounds

NEUTRINO ODYSSEY
NEUTRINO ODYSSEY

... – in every gallon of space throughout the Universe. 60 million neutrinos from the Sun pass through the cubic inch in front of your nose each second. Your body is emitting 200,000 neutrinos each minute from the decay of naturally occurring potassium. ...
Particle Systems - UCSD Computer Graphics Lab
Particle Systems - UCSD Computer Graphics Lab

< 1 ... 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ... 89 >

Grand Unified Theory

A Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is a model in particle physics in which at high energy, the three gauge interactions of the Standard Model which define the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions or forces, are merged into one single force. This unified interaction is characterized by one larger gauge symmetry and thus several force carriers, but one unified coupling constant. If Grand Unification is realized in nature, there is the possibility of a grand unification epoch in the early universe in which the fundamental forces are not yet distinct.Models that do not unify all interactions using one simple Lie group as the gauge symmetry, but do so using semisimple groups, can exhibit similar properties and are sometimes referred to as Grand Unified Theories as well.Unifying gravity with the other three interactions would provide a theory of everything (TOE), rather than a GUT. Nevertheless, GUTs are often seen as an intermediate step towards a TOE.The novel particles predicted by GUT models are expected to have energies around the GUT scale—just a few orders of magnitude below the Planck scale—and so will be well beyond the reach of any foreseen particle collider experiments. Therefore, the particles predicted by GUT models will be unable to be observed directly and instead the effects of grand unification might be detected through indirect observations such as proton decay, electric dipole moments of elementary particles, or the properties of neutrinos. Some grand unified theories predict the existence of magnetic monopoles.As of 2012, all GUT models which aim to be completely realistic are quite complicated, even compared to the Standard Model, because they need to introduce additional fields and interactions, or even additional dimensions of space. The main reason for this complexity lies in the difficulty of reproducing the observed fermion masses and mixing angles. Due to this difficulty, and due to the lack of any observed effect of grand unification so far, there is no generally accepted GUT model.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report