Performance of synchronous optical receivers using atmospheric
... system performance. Later analyses have attempted to overcome these limitations and fully characterize the statistics of heterodyne optical systems by assuming a highly simplified model of atmospheric effects [3,4]. An alternate approach, aimed at overcoming the limitations of previous work, is base ...
... system performance. Later analyses have attempted to overcome these limitations and fully characterize the statistics of heterodyne optical systems by assuming a highly simplified model of atmospheric effects [3,4]. An alternate approach, aimed at overcoming the limitations of previous work, is base ...
Wavelength Conversion Technologies for Photonic Network
... Despite such expectations and some promising experimental reports, the wavelength conversion technologies are as yet immature. The technologies that have been reported so far are the OE-EO transponder type, the gating type using semiconductor devices and optical fiber,5)-9) and the coherent type, wh ...
... Despite such expectations and some promising experimental reports, the wavelength conversion technologies are as yet immature. The technologies that have been reported so far are the OE-EO transponder type, the gating type using semiconductor devices and optical fiber,5)-9) and the coherent type, wh ...
Optical measurement of depth and duty cycle for
... of binary diffraction gratings. For a near-normal angle of incidence, the ⫹1 and ⫺1 diffracted orders will behave nearly the same as the duty cycle is varied for a fixed grating depth. The difference in their behavior, quantified as the ratio of their respective diffraction efficiencies, is compared ...
... of binary diffraction gratings. For a near-normal angle of incidence, the ⫹1 and ⫺1 diffracted orders will behave nearly the same as the duty cycle is varied for a fixed grating depth. The difference in their behavior, quantified as the ratio of their respective diffraction efficiencies, is compared ...
Backward Monte Carlo Calculations of the
... started at the receiver position, and the histories are traced backward along the random path. From an examination of Eq. (2) it is seen that prior knowledge of the maximum size of the radius of the source area is required in order to be able to select positions of emission on the source plane. Also ...
... started at the receiver position, and the histories are traced backward along the random path. From an examination of Eq. (2) it is seen that prior knowledge of the maximum size of the radius of the source area is required in order to be able to select positions of emission on the source plane. Also ...
Long-distance vision
... With network reach extended by the use of erbium-doped fibre amplifiers (EDFAs), advantage could be derived by shifting the zero-dispersion wavelength of the fibre from 1310nm to just outside the C-band. With chromatic dispersion around 1550nm reduced by around 75 per cent from that of standard ITU- ...
... With network reach extended by the use of erbium-doped fibre amplifiers (EDFAs), advantage could be derived by shifting the zero-dispersion wavelength of the fibre from 1310nm to just outside the C-band. With chromatic dispersion around 1550nm reduced by around 75 per cent from that of standard ITU- ...
Increasing the Resolution of Far
... tunneling(5), the atomic force(6) and the near-field optical microscope(7). The electron microscope focuses accelerated electrons rather than light. The de Broglie wavelength of the electrons can be as small as 0.005 nm and is easily controllable by an acceleration voltage of typically 50-100 kV so ...
... tunneling(5), the atomic force(6) and the near-field optical microscope(7). The electron microscope focuses accelerated electrons rather than light. The de Broglie wavelength of the electrons can be as small as 0.005 nm and is easily controllable by an acceleration voltage of typically 50-100 kV so ...
Generation and Application of Bessel Beams in Electron Microscopy
... Bessel beams are widely used in photonics, and have recently been discussed theoretically in the context of a number of electron microscopy applications. In the ideal case, Bessel beams are possess a propagation-invariant profile, and are therefore referred to as diffraction-free modes (see the disc ...
... Bessel beams are widely used in photonics, and have recently been discussed theoretically in the context of a number of electron microscopy applications. In the ideal case, Bessel beams are possess a propagation-invariant profile, and are therefore referred to as diffraction-free modes (see the disc ...
Measurement and correction of aberrations in light and electron
... experimental procedures spanning several orders of magnitude in size. Blood vessels are found throughout the brain, blocking visible access to regions behind them (Haiss, et al., 2009). Visible light is strongly scattered by blood vessels, with the mean free path between scattering events as low as ...
... experimental procedures spanning several orders of magnitude in size. Blood vessels are found throughout the brain, blocking visible access to regions behind them (Haiss, et al., 2009). Visible light is strongly scattered by blood vessels, with the mean free path between scattering events as low as ...
Atom-Wall interaction
... is naturally introduced in the problem. This atom-wall interaction is an unvoidable feature in Cavity QED, a realm of Physics that has demonstrated the possibility of reversible exchanges of excitation between the cavity modes and the atom (see e.g. Haroche, 1992), or that permits such spectacular e ...
... is naturally introduced in the problem. This atom-wall interaction is an unvoidable feature in Cavity QED, a realm of Physics that has demonstrated the possibility of reversible exchanges of excitation between the cavity modes and the atom (see e.g. Haroche, 1992), or that permits such spectacular e ...
Scanning angle total internal reflection Raman spectroscopy and
... generated in the sample for a neat benzonitrile solution and a polystyrene film. A roughly 30fold improvement in depth resolution is demonstrated in comparison to confocal Raman microscopy. The combination of low excitation powers at near-IR wavelengths, high background from the prism, and small sam ...
... generated in the sample for a neat benzonitrile solution and a polystyrene film. A roughly 30fold improvement in depth resolution is demonstrated in comparison to confocal Raman microscopy. The combination of low excitation powers at near-IR wavelengths, high background from the prism, and small sam ...
Polarized Light Assessment of Complex Turbid
... Despite the wealth of interesting properties that can be probed with polarized light, in optically thick turbid media such as tissues, numerous complexities due to multiple scattering present formidable challenges. Multiple scattering causes extensive depolarization that confounds the established te ...
... Despite the wealth of interesting properties that can be probed with polarized light, in optically thick turbid media such as tissues, numerous complexities due to multiple scattering present formidable challenges. Multiple scattering causes extensive depolarization that confounds the established te ...
table of content - Photonics North
... different sectors including communications, sensing, displays, and lighting. It is in this context that Montreal welcomes the Canadian and International Photonic communities to its annual premier event: Photonics North 2014. Researchers will share their latest results and innovations. The programmin ...
... different sectors including communications, sensing, displays, and lighting. It is in this context that Montreal welcomes the Canadian and International Photonic communities to its annual premier event: Photonics North 2014. Researchers will share their latest results and innovations. The programmin ...
Changes in spatial extent and peak double optical density of human
... macular degeneration [7–9]. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) has been demonstrated to increase after diets rich in zeaxanthin and lutein [10–16]. Measurements of MPOD as a function of age have been carried out using different techniques. Some studies using fundus reflectance spectroscopy found ...
... macular degeneration [7–9]. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) has been demonstrated to increase after diets rich in zeaxanthin and lutein [10–16]. Measurements of MPOD as a function of age have been carried out using different techniques. Some studies using fundus reflectance spectroscopy found ...
Patterned dielectric membranes designed for optical sensing
... at a stage where they are still harmless and treatable. There is also demand for automated desktop appliances or hand held devices, as these can replace labor intensive analysis, lower costs and improve efficiency. This thesis covers the development of a novel type of single particle detector that p ...
... at a stage where they are still harmless and treatable. There is also demand for automated desktop appliances or hand held devices, as these can replace labor intensive analysis, lower costs and improve efficiency. This thesis covers the development of a novel type of single particle detector that p ...
Sidelobe decline in single-photon 4Pi microscopy by Toraldo rings
... difference between axial and lateral resolution leads to anisotropic images of three-dimensional (3D) specimens. One attempt to reduce this anisotropy is to insert in the illumination arm of the confocal setup a pupil filter composed by two equal-area transparent rings (Martı́nezCorral et al., 1995) ...
... difference between axial and lateral resolution leads to anisotropic images of three-dimensional (3D) specimens. One attempt to reduce this anisotropy is to insert in the illumination arm of the confocal setup a pupil filter composed by two equal-area transparent rings (Martı́nezCorral et al., 1995) ...
Total internal reflection microscopy studies on colloidal particle
... “We must take care not to make intellect our God. It has, of course, powerful muscles, but has no personality. It cannot rule, only serve.” ...
... “We must take care not to make intellect our God. It has, of course, powerful muscles, but has no personality. It cannot rule, only serve.” ...
Fine Structure Constant Defines Visual Transparency of Graphene
... ±0.1% (see Fig. 1B). The related analysis for G yields G ≈1.01G0 over the white-light region (450 nm <λ <800 nm) and the statistical standard error of ±4% (Fig. S2). The approximation of 2D Dirac fermions is valid only close to the Dirac point and, for higher energies ε, one has to take into account ...
... ±0.1% (see Fig. 1B). The related analysis for G yields G ≈1.01G0 over the white-light region (450 nm <λ <800 nm) and the statistical standard error of ±4% (Fig. S2). The approximation of 2D Dirac fermions is valid only close to the Dirac point and, for higher energies ε, one has to take into account ...