Radiative Transfer Theory - UCL Department of Geography
... Note that the single scattering albedo for leaves is not always low. This is particularly true in the near infrared. In this case, we still need to account for further orders of scattering. The iterative method used above for the microwave case is not directly appropriate, but a range of methods exi ...
... Note that the single scattering albedo for leaves is not always low. This is particularly true in the near infrared. In this case, we still need to account for further orders of scattering. The iterative method used above for the microwave case is not directly appropriate, but a range of methods exi ...
Measurement of radiation-pressure
... the mode via measurement of the error signal time series 共which is proportional to changes in cavity length兲 with a lock-in amplifier, and fit a sinusoidal function with exponential growth to find the ringup time, the oscillation frequency, and the value of R. To measure values at R ⬍ 1, we first de ...
... the mode via measurement of the error signal time series 共which is proportional to changes in cavity length兲 with a lock-in amplifier, and fit a sinusoidal function with exponential growth to find the ringup time, the oscillation frequency, and the value of R. To measure values at R ⬍ 1, we first de ...
Laser Molecular Spectroscopy CHE466 Fall 2007
... The efficiency of a laser is related to its ability to sustain a population inversion and regenerate a population in the low energy state to initiate a new pumping cycle. As you may see a 2 level laser would be very inefficient, because a population inversion may not be acquired as a result of popul ...
... The efficiency of a laser is related to its ability to sustain a population inversion and regenerate a population in the low energy state to initiate a new pumping cycle. As you may see a 2 level laser would be very inefficient, because a population inversion may not be acquired as a result of popul ...
"Contrast Enhancement in Light Microscopy". In: Current Protocols in
... The limitations of phase contrast are determined by the illumination aperture, a function of the condenser’s phase ring, and by the “halo” effect along steep specimen gradients, which limits the section thickness for phase contrast to ∼5 µm. ...
... The limitations of phase contrast are determined by the illumination aperture, a function of the condenser’s phase ring, and by the “halo” effect along steep specimen gradients, which limits the section thickness for phase contrast to ∼5 µm. ...
Dispersion measurements with white-light interferometry
... lasers abound. Indeed, if one is to define temporal coherence as the ability of an electric field to interfere with a delayed version of itself, then the light from a helium –neon laser is certainly more coherent than that coming from a light bulb. However, white light does still remain coherent ove ...
... lasers abound. Indeed, if one is to define temporal coherence as the ability of an electric field to interfere with a delayed version of itself, then the light from a helium –neon laser is certainly more coherent than that coming from a light bulb. However, white light does still remain coherent ove ...
software development life cycle
... Silicon Light Source Filtering Light Silicon Modulator Silicon based photo detector Disadvantage Conclusion Reference Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA ...
... Silicon Light Source Filtering Light Silicon Modulator Silicon based photo detector Disadvantage Conclusion Reference Presented by: ANUJ SRIVASTAVA ...
Microscopes:
... Condenser – provides an even cone of light that illuminates the specimen. Light from the condenser converges at the plane of the specimen, passes through it, and then diverges to form an inverted illuminated cone which is captured by the objective lens. The most common condenser used is the Abbe. H ...
... Condenser – provides an even cone of light that illuminates the specimen. Light from the condenser converges at the plane of the specimen, passes through it, and then diverges to form an inverted illuminated cone which is captured by the objective lens. The most common condenser used is the Abbe. H ...
Computational photography with plenoptic camera and light field
... community [24]. Note that the term “light field” was first used in a translated work on illumination engineering in the 1930s [23,25], but this is not in the sense of an electromagnetic field, which underlines the principles of optics [26]. The value of Lu; v; x; y is the amount of light—known as ...
... community [24]. Note that the term “light field” was first used in a translated work on illumination engineering in the 1930s [23,25], but this is not in the sense of an electromagnetic field, which underlines the principles of optics [26]. The value of Lu; v; x; y is the amount of light—known as ...
High-efficiency light coupling in a submicrometric
... mirror has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. From a theoretical point of view, coupling efficiency for an incident Gaussian beam has been calculated following the method described by Nevière1 and used by other authors2,3 for low angular beam spread. In this paper we calculate the ...
... mirror has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. From a theoretical point of view, coupling efficiency for an incident Gaussian beam has been calculated following the method described by Nevière1 and used by other authors2,3 for low angular beam spread. In this paper we calculate the ...
PHYS 305 Experiments in Modern Physics Lab. Manual
... protons, or vice versa, and could be suspended or drawn upward against the force of gravity by application of an electric field of the order of a thousand volts per cm. Droplets were tracked up and down many times, sometimes for hours, to reduce random errors in the measurements of the terminal veloc ...
... protons, or vice versa, and could be suspended or drawn upward against the force of gravity by application of an electric field of the order of a thousand volts per cm. Droplets were tracked up and down many times, sometimes for hours, to reduce random errors in the measurements of the terminal veloc ...
Optical fibres solutions
... refractive index, it is higher in the middle of the fibre and smaller towards the edges. This means that the mode that have the shortest distance to travel (Down the middle of the fibre) travel the slowest. The modes then stay together and the modal dispersion is reduced in the graded index fibre. T ...
... refractive index, it is higher in the middle of the fibre and smaller towards the edges. This means that the mode that have the shortest distance to travel (Down the middle of the fibre) travel the slowest. The modes then stay together and the modal dispersion is reduced in the graded index fibre. T ...
Astrophysics in the Time Domain: Results and lessons
... Classifying events using follow-up • Multi-band observations - “poor man’s spectroscopy” • The ratio of intensity in different “filters” gives a crude measure of the event’s wavelength spectrum – The ratios for “vanilla” stars (i.e. microlensing) differ from supernovae ...
... Classifying events using follow-up • Multi-band observations - “poor man’s spectroscopy” • The ratio of intensity in different “filters” gives a crude measure of the event’s wavelength spectrum – The ratios for “vanilla” stars (i.e. microlensing) differ from supernovae ...
On-chip gas detection in silicon optical microcavities
... wavelength of 1527.5 nm to be K GD = 14.26 cm3/mol. Note that despite the weak molecular resonances which absorb in this wavelength range [13], to a good approximation K GD can be considered to be constant. This is due to the fact that the overall refractive index of acetylene gas at 20o C and atmos ...
... wavelength of 1527.5 nm to be K GD = 14.26 cm3/mol. Note that despite the weak molecular resonances which absorb in this wavelength range [13], to a good approximation K GD can be considered to be constant. This is due to the fact that the overall refractive index of acetylene gas at 20o C and atmos ...