Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence
... beam diameters, it may be useful to first expand or contract one or more of the individual beams with a telescope lens system. In addition, beam shutters can be added to individual laser lines for selection of specific excitation wavelength(s) during experiments. Depending on space constraints it ma ...
... beam diameters, it may be useful to first expand or contract one or more of the individual beams with a telescope lens system. In addition, beam shutters can be added to individual laser lines for selection of specific excitation wavelength(s) during experiments. Depending on space constraints it ma ...
Geometrical Optics 101: Paraxial Ray Tracing
... If the location of the aperture stop is unknown, a trial ray, known as the pseudo marginal ray, must be propagated through the system. For an object not at infinity, this ray must begin at the axial position of the object and can have an arbitrary incident angle. For an object at infinity, the ray c ...
... If the location of the aperture stop is unknown, a trial ray, known as the pseudo marginal ray, must be propagated through the system. For an object not at infinity, this ray must begin at the axial position of the object and can have an arbitrary incident angle. For an object at infinity, the ray c ...
Manual - Brown University Wiki
... enough of it. We interact with light that has interacted with objects to determine such things as the color, shape, and position of the objects. We use this information to navigate, and to find what we want and what we wish to avoid. But our attention is almost always on the objects, not on the ligh ...
... enough of it. We interact with light that has interacted with objects to determine such things as the color, shape, and position of the objects. We use this information to navigate, and to find what we want and what we wish to avoid. But our attention is almost always on the objects, not on the ligh ...
Electromagnetic wave scatterings by anisotropic metamaterials
... original polarization, assumed as the s polarization for definiteness, to the other polarization 共p polarization兲 after reflection. Obviously, this ratio depends on the direction 共 , 兲 of the incident wave vector kជ in, which is given by kជ in = 共 / c兲关sin cos x̂ + sin sin ŷ + cos ẑ兴. Co ...
... original polarization, assumed as the s polarization for definiteness, to the other polarization 共p polarization兲 after reflection. Obviously, this ratio depends on the direction 共 , 兲 of the incident wave vector kជ in, which is given by kជ in = 共 / c兲关sin cos x̂ + sin sin ŷ + cos ẑ兴. Co ...
INTRODUCTORY OPTICS SYSTEM
... enough of it. We interact with light that has interacted with objects to determine such things as the color, shape, and position of the objects. We use this information to navigate, and to find what we want and what we wish to avoid. But our attention is almost always on the objects, not on the ligh ...
... enough of it. We interact with light that has interacted with objects to determine such things as the color, shape, and position of the objects. We use this information to navigate, and to find what we want and what we wish to avoid. But our attention is almost always on the objects, not on the ligh ...
PreDesigner Manual
... The paraxial mode is a good starting point, especially for conventional imaging systems, such as cameras & microscopes. However, in some cases, the location of the 'image plane' etc will be quite different from that predicted by paraxial equations. In particular, if using a laser, whose output is we ...
... The paraxial mode is a good starting point, especially for conventional imaging systems, such as cameras & microscopes. However, in some cases, the location of the 'image plane' etc will be quite different from that predicted by paraxial equations. In particular, if using a laser, whose output is we ...
Metrology of integrated waveguide devices and systems
... A more complicated CMOS based, integrated waveguide optical system for on-chip clock distribution provided an environment for further NSOM studies [3]. The chip contains a series of waveguide straight sections, splitters, and bends in the form of an H-tree as illustrated in Fig. 5(b) to deliver an o ...
... A more complicated CMOS based, integrated waveguide optical system for on-chip clock distribution provided an environment for further NSOM studies [3]. The chip contains a series of waveguide straight sections, splitters, and bends in the form of an H-tree as illustrated in Fig. 5(b) to deliver an o ...
Lecture-12-Optics
... applicable. Consider a point A in the aperture whose coordinates are (y,z). The location of the origin O is determined by a perpendicular line from the source S to the aperture . The field contributions at P from the secondary sources on dS (area element at point A) is given by ...
... applicable. Consider a point A in the aperture whose coordinates are (y,z). The location of the origin O is determined by a perpendicular line from the source S to the aperture . The field contributions at P from the secondary sources on dS (area element at point A) is given by ...
Optical measurement technique with telecentric lenses
... complicated) laws of optical imaging by lenses and look at the particularly simple case of a pinhole camera ("camera obscura"). In the past the old painters - e.g. Dürer - used this resource to study the laws of perspective. Imaging by the pinhole-camera is a simple model for imaging by lens systems ...
... complicated) laws of optical imaging by lenses and look at the particularly simple case of a pinhole camera ("camera obscura"). In the past the old painters - e.g. Dürer - used this resource to study the laws of perspective. Imaging by the pinhole-camera is a simple model for imaging by lens systems ...
Microscopes - Biozentrum
... source, using an opal bulb, or placing an opal glass diffuser in front of the light source. However, all these techniques, although effective in reducing the filament image to a certain degree, had the effect of reducing the quality and uniformity of light reaching the sample. Reducing the power of ...
... source, using an opal bulb, or placing an opal glass diffuser in front of the light source. However, all these techniques, although effective in reducing the filament image to a certain degree, had the effect of reducing the quality and uniformity of light reaching the sample. Reducing the power of ...
... A typical far-field diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 10.20. Note that when α′ = 0 or β′ = 0, we get the familiar single slit pattern. The approximate locations of the secondary maxima along the β′-axis (which is the Y- axis when α′ = 0 or Z = 0) is given by β′m ≈ ±3π/2, ±5π/2, ±7π/2... Since sin ...
Electromagnetic parameter retrieval from inhomogeneous
... We discuss the validity of standard retrieval methods that assign bulk electromagnetic properties, such as the electric permittivity and the magnetic permeability , from calculations of the scattering 共S兲 parameters for finite-thickness samples. S-parameter retrieval methods have recently become ...
... We discuss the validity of standard retrieval methods that assign bulk electromagnetic properties, such as the electric permittivity and the magnetic permeability , from calculations of the scattering 共S兲 parameters for finite-thickness samples. S-parameter retrieval methods have recently become ...
Measuring Human Chromosomes using Confocal microscopy
... Unlike transmission electron microscopy(TEM) whose penetration depth is smaller than the size of the chromosome, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), one of the most commonly used method in observing fine structures, can observe the chromosome fully but can only obtain two dimensional information sinc ...
... Unlike transmission electron microscopy(TEM) whose penetration depth is smaller than the size of the chromosome, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), one of the most commonly used method in observing fine structures, can observe the chromosome fully but can only obtain two dimensional information sinc ...
Effect of the refractive index change kinetics of
... One of the most promising photosensitive materials for the recording of high-efficiency robust diffractive optical elements is photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass [3]. Such material is a multicomponent silicate glass that exhibits RIC after successive UV exposure and thermal treatment at temperature ...
... One of the most promising photosensitive materials for the recording of high-efficiency robust diffractive optical elements is photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass [3]. Such material is a multicomponent silicate glass that exhibits RIC after successive UV exposure and thermal treatment at temperature ...
On the Nature of the Evanescent Wave
... Using Eqs. 27 and 11 it is straightforward to verify that Eq. 28 is indeed satisfied. Surprisingly, we did not even have to sort out how to deal with the complex number values of the variables in Eq. 28. Not surprisingly, energy is conserved during total internal reflection. However, notice that in ...
... Using Eqs. 27 and 11 it is straightforward to verify that Eq. 28 is indeed satisfied. Surprisingly, we did not even have to sort out how to deal with the complex number values of the variables in Eq. 28. Not surprisingly, energy is conserved during total internal reflection. However, notice that in ...
Selective plane illumination microscopy techniques in
... in a well-defined volume around the focal plane of the detection optics (Fig. 1). The illumination and the detection path are distinct and perpendicular to each other. The illuminated plane is aligned to coincide with the focal plane of the detection objective. Hence, the illumination light can be s ...
... in a well-defined volume around the focal plane of the detection optics (Fig. 1). The illumination and the detection path are distinct and perpendicular to each other. The illuminated plane is aligned to coincide with the focal plane of the detection objective. Hence, the illumination light can be s ...
Microscopy - Frank`s Hospital Workshop
... Use of standard dyes like normal GFP In 2008 Cremer´s lab discovered that super resolution microscopy was also possible for many standard fluorescent dyes like GFP, Alexa dyes and fluorescein molecules, provided certain photo-physical conditions are present. Using his specific localization microscop ...
... Use of standard dyes like normal GFP In 2008 Cremer´s lab discovered that super resolution microscopy was also possible for many standard fluorescent dyes like GFP, Alexa dyes and fluorescein molecules, provided certain photo-physical conditions are present. Using his specific localization microscop ...
Disorder-Enhanced Imaging with Spatially Controlled Light
... Despite their enormous advancements, conventional optical elements -no matter how well designed- can offer only a limited amount of control over light. In as early as 1873 Abbe[3] discovered that lens-based microscopes are unable to resolve structure smaller than half the light’s wavelength. This re ...
... Despite their enormous advancements, conventional optical elements -no matter how well designed- can offer only a limited amount of control over light. In as early as 1873 Abbe[3] discovered that lens-based microscopes are unable to resolve structure smaller than half the light’s wavelength. This re ...
CaF Lenses 2
... The materials are not practical for lens fabrication, Canon's Ware agreed. "Barium fluoride still does not meet the transmission requirements at 157 nm," he said. "It also has 100× greater water solubility than calcium fluoride. This phenomenon would require development of new surface treatment tech ...
... The materials are not practical for lens fabrication, Canon's Ware agreed. "Barium fluoride still does not meet the transmission requirements at 157 nm," he said. "It also has 100× greater water solubility than calcium fluoride. This phenomenon would require development of new surface treatment tech ...
Microbolometer_sensor
... performance for circular lenses. It is important to remember that the spot size, caused by diffraction, of a circular lens is where d is the diameter of the focused spot produced from plane-wave illumination and is the wavelength of light being focused. The diffraction pattern resulting from a uni ...
... performance for circular lenses. It is important to remember that the spot size, caused by diffraction, of a circular lens is where d is the diameter of the focused spot produced from plane-wave illumination and is the wavelength of light being focused. The diffraction pattern resulting from a uni ...
Determination of the transfer function for optical surface topography
... (of the underlying time instantaneous field). Definition of the so-called weak object transfer function (WOTF) is sometimes possible in a partially coherent system if scattering from the object can be considered weak [34]; however, this will not be discussed further here for the sake of brevity. Stu ...
... (of the underlying time instantaneous field). Definition of the so-called weak object transfer function (WOTF) is sometimes possible in a partially coherent system if scattering from the object can be considered weak [34]; however, this will not be discussed further here for the sake of brevity. Stu ...
June 4 - The 7th International Conference on Surface Plasmon
... microresonator layer and plasmonic grating deposited on it was fabricated and studied in order to combine functionalities of photonic and plasmonic crystals. The plasmonic pattern allows excitation of the hybrid plasmonic-waveguide modes localized in dielectric Bragg mirrors of the magnetophotonic c ...
... microresonator layer and plasmonic grating deposited on it was fabricated and studied in order to combine functionalities of photonic and plasmonic crystals. The plasmonic pattern allows excitation of the hybrid plasmonic-waveguide modes localized in dielectric Bragg mirrors of the magnetophotonic c ...
Quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry
... In most applications, only the lower-order aberrations (like spherical aberration or coma) are considered, because the lower the aberration order is, the stronger is the effect on the beam [12] [13]. As a consequence, a few thousands of phase measurement points are sufficient to analyze the beam wav ...
... In most applications, only the lower-order aberrations (like spherical aberration or coma) are considered, because the lower the aberration order is, the stronger is the effect on the beam [12] [13]. As a consequence, a few thousands of phase measurement points are sufficient to analyze the beam wav ...
Superlens
A practical superlens, or super lens, is a lens which uses metamaterials to go beyond the diffraction limit. The diffraction limit is a feature of conventional lenses and microscopes that limits the fineness of their resolution. Many lens designs have been proposed that go beyond the diffraction limit in some way, but there are constraints and obstacles involved in realizing each of them.