Telescopes and spectrographs
... 1.1 A milestone in the advancement of astronomy Unaided human eyes, well as they may serve the needs of everyday life, are not very suitable for detailed astronomical observation. First, the eye has a limited sensitivity. A distant source of light, such as a star, will not be seen at all unless the ...
... 1.1 A milestone in the advancement of astronomy Unaided human eyes, well as they may serve the needs of everyday life, are not very suitable for detailed astronomical observation. First, the eye has a limited sensitivity. A distant source of light, such as a star, will not be seen at all unless the ...
Practical aspects of Microscopy
... Conventional Optical Microscopy Scanning Electron Microscopy ...
... Conventional Optical Microscopy Scanning Electron Microscopy ...
Light Microscopy
... This compendium is divided into three main parts: “Wide-field microscopy,” “Confocal microscopy,” and “Recent microscopy techniques.” Wide-field microscopy relates to the ordinary, classic microscope. The name derives from the fact that the entire field of view in the microscope is uniformly illumin ...
... This compendium is divided into three main parts: “Wide-field microscopy,” “Confocal microscopy,” and “Recent microscopy techniques.” Wide-field microscopy relates to the ordinary, classic microscope. The name derives from the fact that the entire field of view in the microscope is uniformly illumin ...
New Materials and New Concepts for Controlling Light and Waves
... rationally designed artificial materials with versatile properties that can be tailored to fit almost any practical need and thus go well beyond what can be obtained with “natural” materials. We review the exciting field of optical metamaterials and discuss the ...
... rationally designed artificial materials with versatile properties that can be tailored to fit almost any practical need and thus go well beyond what can be obtained with “natural” materials. We review the exciting field of optical metamaterials and discuss the ...
HOLOGRAPHY, 1948-1971
... times worse than the resolution which one wants to obtain. Such a very bad lens was obtained using a microscope objective the wrong way round, and using it again in the reconstruction. So it was with some confidence that two years later, in 1950 we started a programme of holographic electron microsc ...
... times worse than the resolution which one wants to obtain. Such a very bad lens was obtained using a microscope objective the wrong way round, and using it again in the reconstruction. So it was with some confidence that two years later, in 1950 we started a programme of holographic electron microsc ...
Ground-plane quasicloaking for free space
... affect its performance when replaced by free space. The strong broadband performance of the quasi-cloak is exhibited until the incident wavelength becomes much smaller than the dimensions of the cloak’s block elements. This is illustrated by launching an identical 4.7 fs long pulse at 1600 THz freq ...
... affect its performance when replaced by free space. The strong broadband performance of the quasi-cloak is exhibited until the incident wavelength becomes much smaller than the dimensions of the cloak’s block elements. This is illustrated by launching an identical 4.7 fs long pulse at 1600 THz freq ...
Full-Text PDF
... and in turn taking advantages of tunable optics to control or sense the fluid sample. The concept and implementation of using fluid to fabricate optical components and realize optical functions is not new. Stemming from the early 1900s, a deformable mirror was proposed and demonstrated by spinning f ...
... and in turn taking advantages of tunable optics to control or sense the fluid sample. The concept and implementation of using fluid to fabricate optical components and realize optical functions is not new. Stemming from the early 1900s, a deformable mirror was proposed and demonstrated by spinning f ...
Chapter 4 - Refractometry - Index of Refraction
... Copyright 2010 Wm. Revell Phillips All Rights Reserved ...
... Copyright 2010 Wm. Revell Phillips All Rights Reserved ...
Module P6.3 Optical elements: prisms, lenses and spherical mirrors
... operation and which can be used in their design. The operation of all these optical elements depends on the known behaviour of light rays when reflected from mirrors or refracted at the boundary between two transparent optical media. The magnifying glass is just one application of a thin lens and th ...
... operation and which can be used in their design. The operation of all these optical elements depends on the known behaviour of light rays when reflected from mirrors or refracted at the boundary between two transparent optical media. The magnifying glass is just one application of a thin lens and th ...
PDF - Grueber Lab
... 3D volumetric image. This dual-objective geometry, and the need for side-on illumination and physical translation are major limitations, requiring complex sample mounting and positioning that restricts the types of samples that can be imaged, and limits achievable volumetric imaging speeds. Recent a ...
... 3D volumetric image. This dual-objective geometry, and the need for side-on illumination and physical translation are major limitations, requiring complex sample mounting and positioning that restricts the types of samples that can be imaged, and limits achievable volumetric imaging speeds. Recent a ...
Chapter-2 - Shodhganga
... still have distinct diffraction peaks. Their diffraction peaks are broadened, distorted, and weakened, however, and “diffraction line shape analysis” is an important method for studying crystal defects. Diffraction experiments are also used to study the structure of amorphous materials, even though ...
... still have distinct diffraction peaks. Their diffraction peaks are broadened, distorted, and weakened, however, and “diffraction line shape analysis” is an important method for studying crystal defects. Diffraction experiments are also used to study the structure of amorphous materials, even though ...
Confocal Microscopy - Emory Physics
... the specimen, which is not at the focal point of the left-hand-side lens. (Note that the colors of the rays are purely for purposes of distinguishing the two sets—they do not represent different wavelengths of light.) Clearly, the image of the light blue point is not at the same location as the imag ...
... the specimen, which is not at the focal point of the left-hand-side lens. (Note that the colors of the rays are purely for purposes of distinguishing the two sets—they do not represent different wavelengths of light.) Clearly, the image of the light blue point is not at the same location as the imag ...
Fast-Response Liquid Crystal Microlens
... Helfrich, enabling today’s liquid crystal displays (LCDs), phase modulators, adaptive lenses, optical switches, and other photonic devices [1]. Since the first concept was demonstrated in 1977 by Bricot [3], adaptive LC lenses have attracted strong research attention due to their advantages of tunab ...
... Helfrich, enabling today’s liquid crystal displays (LCDs), phase modulators, adaptive lenses, optical switches, and other photonic devices [1]. Since the first concept was demonstrated in 1977 by Bricot [3], adaptive LC lenses have attracted strong research attention due to their advantages of tunab ...
Far-field optical microscope with nanometer-scale
... resolution is diffraction and, ultimately, the uncertainty principle: a wave can not be localized much tighter than half of its vacuum wavelength λ/2. Immersion microscopes ...
... resolution is diffraction and, ultimately, the uncertainty principle: a wave can not be localized much tighter than half of its vacuum wavelength λ/2. Immersion microscopes ...
1 L5: Diffraction L5 DIFFRACTION Objectives Aims From this
... A way of describing how diffraction occurs was invented by Christian Huygens (1629-1695) in about 1679 and was modified much later into the form we now use by Augustin Fresnel (1788 1827). Huygens' construction is a method for locating the new position of a wave front. Starting from a known wavefron ...
... A way of describing how diffraction occurs was invented by Christian Huygens (1629-1695) in about 1679 and was modified much later into the form we now use by Augustin Fresnel (1788 1827). Huygens' construction is a method for locating the new position of a wave front. Starting from a known wavefron ...
Aperture interference and the volumetric resolution of light field
... spatial resolution of the LFM tomographic approach while preserving equivalent volumetric information [26]. In particular, by not limiting the sampling scheme to small, compact regions of the aperture, we conjectured that it may be possible to trade extraneous angular resolution for spatial resoluti ...
... spatial resolution of the LFM tomographic approach while preserving equivalent volumetric information [26]. In particular, by not limiting the sampling scheme to small, compact regions of the aperture, we conjectured that it may be possible to trade extraneous angular resolution for spatial resoluti ...
THE FRESNEL DIFFRACTION : A STORY OF LIGHT AND DARKNESS
... slits experiment of Young in 1801. The two slits are illuminated by a first slit exposed to sunlight. The first slit was thin enough to provide the necessary spatially coherent light. Young could observe for the first time the interference fringes in the superposition of the diffraction patterns of ...
... slits experiment of Young in 1801. The two slits are illuminated by a first slit exposed to sunlight. The first slit was thin enough to provide the necessary spatially coherent light. Young could observe for the first time the interference fringes in the superposition of the diffraction patterns of ...
3-D Ultrahigh Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography with
... Fig. 1. The ideal and reality PSF change with pupil size. Fig 1 shows the ideal and reality PSF that change with pupil size. In theory, with the increase of pupil size, the ideal PSF will rapidly become smaller because of the diffraction effects. It’s mean the improvement of transverse resolution. I ...
... Fig. 1. The ideal and reality PSF change with pupil size. Fig 1 shows the ideal and reality PSF that change with pupil size. In theory, with the increase of pupil size, the ideal PSF will rapidly become smaller because of the diffraction effects. It’s mean the improvement of transverse resolution. I ...
Wormald Coupland On measuring 3D flow within inkjet droplet
... instrument was focused approximately at the position of the nozzle axis. Figure 7. shows the reconstructed hologram of a droplet close to the nozzle exit approximately 1ms after the solenoid valve opened. At this stage the droplet is in the form of an extruded filament of fluid. Out-of-focus and ab ...
... instrument was focused approximately at the position of the nozzle axis. Figure 7. shows the reconstructed hologram of a droplet close to the nozzle exit approximately 1ms after the solenoid valve opened. At this stage the droplet is in the form of an extruded filament of fluid. Out-of-focus and ab ...
1 Fundamental Optics www.cvimellesgriot.com
... f2 = focal length of the second element. d = distance from the secondary principal point of the first element to the primary principal point of the second element, positive if the primary principal point is to the right of the secondary principal point, negative otherwise (see figure 1.8b). s1″ = di ...
... f2 = focal length of the second element. d = distance from the secondary principal point of the first element to the primary principal point of the second element, positive if the primary principal point is to the right of the secondary principal point, negative otherwise (see figure 1.8b). s1″ = di ...
Lenserf Reflection, Fresnel Reflection,
... components plotted earlier are modified as illustrated by the assuming first a lossy and then a gainy reflecting medium. An dashed curves. (The curves correspond to one specific small essential feature of these sketches is that the k 2 vectors of the numerical value of gain or loss.) In particular, one ...
... components plotted earlier are modified as illustrated by the assuming first a lossy and then a gainy reflecting medium. An dashed curves. (The curves correspond to one specific small essential feature of these sketches is that the k 2 vectors of the numerical value of gain or loss.) In particular, one ...
Fraunhofer Diffraction
... • The edges of optical images are blurred by diffraction, and this represents a fundamental limitation on the resolution of an optical imaging system. • There is no physical difference between the phenomena of interference and diffraction, both result from the superposition of light waves. Diffracti ...
... • The edges of optical images are blurred by diffraction, and this represents a fundamental limitation on the resolution of an optical imaging system. • There is no physical difference between the phenomena of interference and diffraction, both result from the superposition of light waves. Diffracti ...
Material Properties - CVI Melles Griot 2009 Technical Guide, Vol 2
... The Schott Optical Glass catalog offers nearly 300 different optical glasses. For lens designers, the most important difference among these glasses is the index of refraction and dispersion (rate of change of index with wavelength). Typically, an optical glass is specified by its index of refraction ...
... The Schott Optical Glass catalog offers nearly 300 different optical glasses. For lens designers, the most important difference among these glasses is the index of refraction and dispersion (rate of change of index with wavelength). Typically, an optical glass is specified by its index of refraction ...
Spectacle lens design following Hamilton, Maxwell
... We have a very useful way to characterize magnification and distortion. However, how to compute the point eikonal matrix S? Recall that we need to compute it for many gaze directions, and do so very fast, since it must be done at each iteration of the optimization process. Clearly, this cannot be do ...
... We have a very useful way to characterize magnification and distortion. However, how to compute the point eikonal matrix S? Recall that we need to compute it for many gaze directions, and do so very fast, since it must be done at each iteration of the optimization process. Clearly, this cannot be do ...
Superlens
A practical superlens, or super lens, is a lens which uses metamaterials to go beyond the diffraction limit. The diffraction limit is a feature of conventional lenses and microscopes that limits the fineness of their resolution. Many lens designs have been proposed that go beyond the diffraction limit in some way, but there are constraints and obstacles involved in realizing each of them.