ocean water
... lot of fresh water coming into the ocean (near river deltas). Salinity is higher where the Sun is very strong and evaporation is greater than precipitation. ...
... lot of fresh water coming into the ocean (near river deltas). Salinity is higher where the Sun is very strong and evaporation is greater than precipitation. ...
Global warming & its effects
... As air warms from solar energy, it rises, and cooler air rushes to replace it. This creates wind. As the wind passes along the surface of the water, it bumps the water molecules and moves them along in the same direction. Spin of the Earth Earth spins from West to East (counter clockwise) ...
... As air warms from solar energy, it rises, and cooler air rushes to replace it. This creates wind. As the wind passes along the surface of the water, it bumps the water molecules and moves them along in the same direction. Spin of the Earth Earth spins from West to East (counter clockwise) ...
Grand Banks - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... the movement of the earth's tectonic plates and the wrenching apart of one continent from another, the shelves surround every continent. They mimic the deep valleys and vast plateaus of land's visible contours. Scientists believe that about ten thousand years ago, at the end of the last ice age, the ...
... the movement of the earth's tectonic plates and the wrenching apart of one continent from another, the shelves surround every continent. They mimic the deep valleys and vast plateaus of land's visible contours. Scientists believe that about ten thousand years ago, at the end of the last ice age, the ...
File - The Geographer online
... This causes the crust to sink lower into the mantle rock beneath. This results in an apparent rise in the level of the sea. At the end of the glacial period the ice melts and weight is lost from the crust causing it to slowly rise. The sea level will then appear to fall. Some places on the east coas ...
... This causes the crust to sink lower into the mantle rock beneath. This results in an apparent rise in the level of the sea. At the end of the glacial period the ice melts and weight is lost from the crust causing it to slowly rise. The sea level will then appear to fall. Some places on the east coas ...
Ocean Topography
... the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level). They are also called underwater volcanoes because are typically formed from extinct volcanoes, that rise abruptly. ...
... the ocean seafloor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level). They are also called underwater volcanoes because are typically formed from extinct volcanoes, that rise abruptly. ...
Ocean-atmosphere interactions related to the AMO caused
... Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] ...
... Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] ...
Bathymetry
... from land out to sea • Hatteras Canyon may be a drowned river valley from lower sea level **Note the narrow vs. wide continental shelves Active coast- narrow shelf Passive coast- wide shelf ...
... from land out to sea • Hatteras Canyon may be a drowned river valley from lower sea level **Note the narrow vs. wide continental shelves Active coast- narrow shelf Passive coast- wide shelf ...
Grade 8 Science
... Moving _____________________ are forced to Earth’s continents turn when they ______________ a _____________ surface. ...
... Moving _____________________ are forced to Earth’s continents turn when they ______________ a _____________ surface. ...
Oceanographical modelling in Cuba. State of its coupling
... - Forecast data [US] to coastal zones. - PHOENICS. Their processors take charge of - Real time data obtaining states of current speed fields in certain instants. HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL - OILTRACK. Starting from boundary conditions • Mean sea level (tides) [DM]. settled down by the previous model, it ...
... - Forecast data [US] to coastal zones. - PHOENICS. Their processors take charge of - Real time data obtaining states of current speed fields in certain instants. HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL - OILTRACK. Starting from boundary conditions • Mean sea level (tides) [DM]. settled down by the previous model, it ...
File
... Long wavelength wave produced by the sudden movement of a very large volume of water Convergent plate boundary, abrupt slippage of one plate against another results in an underwater earthquake and then a tsunami ...
... Long wavelength wave produced by the sudden movement of a very large volume of water Convergent plate boundary, abrupt slippage of one plate against another results in an underwater earthquake and then a tsunami ...
Waves and Tsunami - University of Hawaii at Hilo
... Steepness = height/length. Waves get steeper as they “feel” the bottom of the ocean, top continues to move forward, base is caught up in the frictional resistance of the bottom, and eventually they “break” Spilling breakers (flatest bottom) Surging breakers (steepest bottom) Plunging breakers Waves ...
... Steepness = height/length. Waves get steeper as they “feel” the bottom of the ocean, top continues to move forward, base is caught up in the frictional resistance of the bottom, and eventually they “break” Spilling breakers (flatest bottom) Surging breakers (steepest bottom) Plunging breakers Waves ...
Anders_Omstedt
... Use P and N observations from the Eastern Gotland Basin and plot the surface properties of PO4 and NO3 of the last 5 years. Discuss the dynamics. Problem 1.14.1 Use pH observations from the Eastern Gotland Basin and plot the surface values. Discuss what is controlling the seasonal and long-term vari ...
... Use P and N observations from the Eastern Gotland Basin and plot the surface properties of PO4 and NO3 of the last 5 years. Discuss the dynamics. Problem 1.14.1 Use pH observations from the Eastern Gotland Basin and plot the surface values. Discuss what is controlling the seasonal and long-term vari ...
Physical Oceanography
... The average salinity of seawater is _____ 35 ppt. Therefore, for every 1,000 ml water, there are ___ 35 grams of dissolved salts. Near the equator salinity is __________ lower than average due to greater precipitation ...
... The average salinity of seawater is _____ 35 ppt. Therefore, for every 1,000 ml water, there are ___ 35 grams of dissolved salts. Near the equator salinity is __________ lower than average due to greater precipitation ...
Key - University of California San Diego
... a) Theory of lithospheric plate movement caused by mantle convection b)Theory that paleomagnetism and identical fossils and geological units help prove that plate tectonics is true c)Theory that physical and chemical conditions on Earth’s surface have been controlled by presence of life d) Theory th ...
... a) Theory of lithospheric plate movement caused by mantle convection b)Theory that paleomagnetism and identical fossils and geological units help prove that plate tectonics is true c)Theory that physical and chemical conditions on Earth’s surface have been controlled by presence of life d) Theory th ...
Ocean tides result mainly from
... Ocean waves are created by all of the following except one. Which factor creates ocean currents, not ocean waves? A. B. C. D. ...
... Ocean waves are created by all of the following except one. Which factor creates ocean currents, not ocean waves? A. B. C. D. ...
06_Oceanic records
... The ocean-atmosphere system: primary responses to orbital forcings Orbital forcings GLACIAL ...
... The ocean-atmosphere system: primary responses to orbital forcings Orbital forcings GLACIAL ...
Oceans
... and because the ocean water is fluid, it can respond to this pull by moving towards the sun and moon. • As the earth turns on its axis whatever part of the ocean is closest to the moon bulges towards it, and experiences high tide. ...
... and because the ocean water is fluid, it can respond to this pull by moving towards the sun and moon. • As the earth turns on its axis whatever part of the ocean is closest to the moon bulges towards it, and experiences high tide. ...
Upwelling and Hydrothermal Vents
... seaweed and plankton, which provides food for fish, marine mammals, and birds. Upwelling generates some of the world’s most fertile ecosystems. In coastal regions the cold water welling up to the surface cools the air promotes the development of sea fog. ...
... seaweed and plankton, which provides food for fish, marine mammals, and birds. Upwelling generates some of the world’s most fertile ecosystems. In coastal regions the cold water welling up to the surface cools the air promotes the development of sea fog. ...
Salt water
... This drives deep ocean currents. They are important to marine animals living in the deep ocean as the retain the oxygen absorbed at the surface as well as the temperature and salinity. ...
... This drives deep ocean currents. They are important to marine animals living in the deep ocean as the retain the oxygen absorbed at the surface as well as the temperature and salinity. ...
Earth Science Essential Knowledge and Skills
... sea level – level of the surface of the sea midway between the average high & low tides seamount – an underwater volcano sedimentation – the process of depositing sediments tides – the periodic rise and fall of water level caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun as well as forces of cir ...
... sea level – level of the surface of the sea midway between the average high & low tides seamount – an underwater volcano sedimentation – the process of depositing sediments tides – the periodic rise and fall of water level caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun as well as forces of cir ...
Slide 1
... South America fit exactly against the west coast of Africa, as if they had once been joined?” (1910, letter to his fiancee) ...
... South America fit exactly against the west coast of Africa, as if they had once been joined?” (1910, letter to his fiancee) ...
practice exam
... a) only up and down b) only back and forth c) in circular orbits 38) The distance over which the wind blows to create waves is termed: a) fetch b) distortion c) convection d) defraction e) refraction 39) (True or False) The flood tide occurs as water flows out after high tide. 40) (True or False) St ...
... a) only up and down b) only back and forth c) in circular orbits 38) The distance over which the wind blows to create waves is termed: a) fetch b) distortion c) convection d) defraction e) refraction 39) (True or False) The flood tide occurs as water flows out after high tide. 40) (True or False) St ...
drifting continents - PNU
... continental drift may, in fact, occur. In 1950’s scientist began studying ocean floor in more detail than ever before. Speacial sonar(SOH-nar) equipment that uses sound waves to detect underwater objects helped scientist gather information. ...
... continental drift may, in fact, occur. In 1950’s scientist began studying ocean floor in more detail than ever before. Speacial sonar(SOH-nar) equipment that uses sound waves to detect underwater objects helped scientist gather information. ...
THINKING CRITICALLY Circumpolar Currents and Ocean
... waters to the entire globe. The circulation of ocean waters is driven in part by the formation of sea ice in the Antarctic waters. As sea ice forms, the salinity of the surrounding ocean water increases. The increased salinity increases the density of the water, which causes the water to sink. This ...
... waters to the entire globe. The circulation of ocean waters is driven in part by the formation of sea ice in the Antarctic waters. As sea ice forms, the salinity of the surrounding ocean water increases. The increased salinity increases the density of the water, which causes the water to sink. This ...
Sea
A sea is a large body of salt water that is surrounded in whole or in part by land. More broadly, the sea (with the definite article) is the interconnected system of Earth's salty, oceanic waters—considered as one global ocean or as several principal oceanic divisions. The sea moderates Earth's climate and has important roles in the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle. Although the sea has been travelled and explored since prehistory, the modern scientific study of the sea—oceanography—dates broadly to the British Challenger expedition of the 1870s. The sea is conventionally divided into up to five large oceanic sections—including the IHO's four named oceans (the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Arctic) and the Southern Ocean; smaller, second-order sections, such as the Mediterranean, are known as seas.Owing to the present state of continental drift, the Northern Hemisphere is now fairly equally divided between land and sea (a ratio of about 2:3) but the South is overwhelmingly oceanic (1:4.7). Salinity in the open ocean is generally in a narrow band around 3.5% by mass, although this can vary in more landlocked waters, near the mouths of large rivers, or at great depths. About 85% of the solids in the open sea are sodium chloride. Deep-sea currents are produced by differences in salinity and temperature. Surface currents are formed by the friction of waves produced by the wind and by tides, the changes in local sea level produced by the gravity of the Moon and Sun. The direction of all of these is governed by surface and submarine land masses and by the rotation of the Earth (the Coriolis effect).Former changes in the sea levels have left continental shelves, shallow areas in the sea close to land. These nutrient-rich waters teem with life, which provide humans with substantial supplies of food—mainly fish, but also shellfish, mammals, and seaweed—which are both harvested in the wild and farmed. The most diverse areas surround great tropical coral reefs. Whaling in the deep sea was once common but whales' dwindling numbers prompted international conservation efforts and finally a moratorium on most commercial hunting. Oceanography has established that not all life is restricted to the sunlit surface waters: even under enormous depths and pressures, nutrients streaming from hydrothermal vents support their own unique ecosystem. Life may have started there and aquatic microbial mats are generally credited with the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere; both plants and animals first evolved in the sea.The sea is an essential aspect of human trade, travel, mineral extraction, and power generation. This has also made it essential to warfare and left major cities exposed to earthquakes and volcanoes from nearby faults; powerful tsunami waves; and hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones produced in the tropics. This importance and duality has affected human culture, from early sea gods to the epic poetry of Homer to the changes induced by the Columbian Exchange, from Viking funerals to Basho's haikus to hyperrealist marine art, and inspiring music ranging from the shanties in The Complaynt of Scotland to Rimsky-Korsakov's ""The Sea and Sinbad's Ship"" to A-mei's ""Listen to the Sea"". It is the scene of leisure activities including swimming, diving, surfing, and sailing. However, population growth, industrialization, and intensive farming have all contributed to present-day marine pollution. Atmospheric carbon dioxide is being absorbed in increasing amounts, lowering its pH in a process known as ocean acidification. The shared nature of the sea has made overfishing an increasing problem.