Intraseasonal Variability in the South Equatorial Current of the East
... stress product (not shown) has a standard deviation of only 1.5–2 3 10 26 m s 21 along 128S and without significant seasonal variation. This forcing could generate only a 1-cm sea level change over 30 days using a reduced gravity of 0.02 m s 22 . Thus, even considering a 50% uncertainty in the NCEP ...
... stress product (not shown) has a standard deviation of only 1.5–2 3 10 26 m s 21 along 128S and without significant seasonal variation. This forcing could generate only a 1-cm sea level change over 30 days using a reduced gravity of 0.02 m s 22 . Thus, even considering a 50% uncertainty in the NCEP ...
Ocean Policy Review and Outlook
... was not acted on by the Senate in any of those instances. In the 105th Congress, legislation creating both a national ocean council and a commission on ocean policy passed the Senate in November 1997, and in 1998 the House passed a bill creating a commission on ocean policy. However, Congress adjour ...
... was not acted on by the Senate in any of those instances. In the 105th Congress, legislation creating both a national ocean council and a commission on ocean policy passed the Senate in November 1997, and in 1998 the House passed a bill creating a commission on ocean policy. However, Congress adjour ...
����� The ORION Education Plan
... Vineyard in 15 m of water and extends approximately 22 m into the marine atmosphere. This phase of the project was completed when the ASIT was directly connected to the MVCO with its own fiber-optic cable in October 2002. The ASIT was specifically designed to make turbulent flux measurements in the oce ...
... Vineyard in 15 m of water and extends approximately 22 m into the marine atmosphere. This phase of the project was completed when the ASIT was directly connected to the MVCO with its own fiber-optic cable in October 2002. The ASIT was specifically designed to make turbulent flux measurements in the oce ...
Continental erosion and the Cenozoic rise of marine diatoms
... The Summed Common species Occurrence Rate (SCOR) quantifies changes in the extent to which species were common and geographically widespread from the fossil record (12). This index is based on the assumption that the more globally abundant a species is, the more likely it is to occur in a greater nu ...
... The Summed Common species Occurrence Rate (SCOR) quantifies changes in the extent to which species were common and geographically widespread from the fossil record (12). This index is based on the assumption that the more globally abundant a species is, the more likely it is to occur in a greater nu ...
Report of the 5th Session of the Indian Ocean Panel
... The following JSC action items are relevant to the CLIVAR community: Form a CLIVAR-led group to prepare WCRP’s input to OceanObs09, ensuring adequate participation of CliC, GEWEX (e.g. SeaFlux), SOLAS, WGSF, and the SLR crosscut Recommendation that JSC of WCRP should have direct input to and influen ...
... The following JSC action items are relevant to the CLIVAR community: Form a CLIVAR-led group to prepare WCRP’s input to OceanObs09, ensuring adequate participation of CliC, GEWEX (e.g. SeaFlux), SOLAS, WGSF, and the SLR crosscut Recommendation that JSC of WCRP should have direct input to and influen ...
THE ACTION PLAN FOR GOOS/GCOS AND SUSTAINED
... observing system exists and most observations have been obtained from research programs, including the large-scale WCRP programs WOCE and TOGA.. Thus, as was recognized by the IPCC in 1990 and as is stated above, there is primarily a need to “maintain, enhance and improve” the atmospheric and terres ...
... observing system exists and most observations have been obtained from research programs, including the large-scale WCRP programs WOCE and TOGA.. Thus, as was recognized by the IPCC in 1990 and as is stated above, there is primarily a need to “maintain, enhance and improve” the atmospheric and terres ...
Quantifying the Cenozoic marine diatom
... the early Miocene maps. At ca. 15 Ma, the abundance pattern rises again progressively until it reaches a plateau of relatively high abundance (Fig. 3). The middle Miocene is also marked by a geographical change in the distribution of diatom abundance: until then, high abundances are limited to the A ...
... the early Miocene maps. At ca. 15 Ma, the abundance pattern rises again progressively until it reaches a plateau of relatively high abundance (Fig. 3). The middle Miocene is also marked by a geographical change in the distribution of diatom abundance: until then, high abundances are limited to the A ...
Diversity of Arctic pelagic Bacteria with an
... Although cyanobacteria predominate in brackish or freshwater polar environments reaching abundances among the highest reported in natural environments (Powell et al., 2005), their abundance are typically low in marine polar waters (Li, 2009). In both polar oceans, picocyanobacteria follow a general ...
... Although cyanobacteria predominate in brackish or freshwater polar environments reaching abundances among the highest reported in natural environments (Powell et al., 2005), their abundance are typically low in marine polar waters (Li, 2009). In both polar oceans, picocyanobacteria follow a general ...
Using dissolved oxygen concentrations to determine mixed layer
... depth where the vertical gradient of an oceanic property reaches a threshold value (Lukas and Lindstrom, 1991) and (b) difference-based criteria, where zmix is the depth where an oceanic property has changed by a certain amount from a near-surface reference value (Levitus, 1982). Previous studies ha ...
... depth where the vertical gradient of an oceanic property reaches a threshold value (Lukas and Lindstrom, 1991) and (b) difference-based criteria, where zmix is the depth where an oceanic property has changed by a certain amount from a near-surface reference value (Levitus, 1982). Previous studies ha ...
WCRP to WMO EC WG AM 2006
... cryosphere is proposing ways to observe sea-ice thickness with account of snow on its surface. CliC is moving forward with the Southern Ocean Ice Model Intercomparison Project. The project has supported several initiatives on the development of ice sheet models. CliC is in favour of conducting a met ...
... cryosphere is proposing ways to observe sea-ice thickness with account of snow on its surface. CliC is moving forward with the Southern Ocean Ice Model Intercomparison Project. The project has supported several initiatives on the development of ice sheet models. CliC is in favour of conducting a met ...
Chapter 13 Next Generation Sunshine State Standards
... Oceanographers also recognize an additional ocean near the continent of Antarctica in the Southern Hemisphere (Figure 13.2B). Defined by the meeting of currents near Antarctica called the Antarctic Convergence, the Southern Ocean or Antarctic Ocean is actually those portions of the Pacific, Atlantic ...
... Oceanographers also recognize an additional ocean near the continent of Antarctica in the Southern Hemisphere (Figure 13.2B). Defined by the meeting of currents near Antarctica called the Antarctic Convergence, the Southern Ocean or Antarctic Ocean is actually those portions of the Pacific, Atlantic ...
O : N
... This report uses the definition of a coastal state established by the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA). Under the CZMA, coastal state includes any state of the United States in, or bordering on, the Atlantic, Pacific, or Arctic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, Long Island Sound, or one or more of the Gr ...
... This report uses the definition of a coastal state established by the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA). Under the CZMA, coastal state includes any state of the United States in, or bordering on, the Atlantic, Pacific, or Arctic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, Long Island Sound, or one or more of the Gr ...
Strong sensitivity of Southern Ocean carbon uptake and - HAL-Insu
... of 25–30 % in the concentrations of NO3 exported in Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) to wind stirring. This finds expression not only locally over the Southern Ocean, but also over larger scales through the impact on advected nutri- ...
... of 25–30 % in the concentrations of NO3 exported in Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) to wind stirring. This finds expression not only locally over the Southern Ocean, but also over larger scales through the impact on advected nutri- ...
BIG SCIENCE - Ocean Networks Canada
... What the Blob is telling us about ocean warming. In the fall of 2012, a season or two before the Blob showed up, the Arctic Ocean had the lowest summer sea ice extent on record. Because of the open water, a significant amount of heat was released into the atmosphere that weakened the polar vortex a ...
... What the Blob is telling us about ocean warming. In the fall of 2012, a season or two before the Blob showed up, the Arctic Ocean had the lowest summer sea ice extent on record. Because of the open water, a significant amount of heat was released into the atmosphere that weakened the polar vortex a ...
Marine Debris
... swimming dispersed in the ocean the way the now famous animation has the debris travelling across the North Pacific, some washing first up on the shores of the Hawaiian Islands, then on the shores of the west coast of Canada and the US? Released by the International Pacific Research Center at the Un ...
... swimming dispersed in the ocean the way the now famous animation has the debris travelling across the North Pacific, some washing first up on the shores of the Hawaiian Islands, then on the shores of the west coast of Canada and the US? Released by the International Pacific Research Center at the Un ...
FINAL Review activity
... 1. Describe the lifestyles of plankton, nekton, and benthos. Why is it true that plankton account for a much larger percentage of the ocean’s biomass than benthos and nekton? 2. Discuss some adaptations other than size that are used by organisms to increase their resistance to sinking. 3. List the d ...
... 1. Describe the lifestyles of plankton, nekton, and benthos. Why is it true that plankton account for a much larger percentage of the ocean’s biomass than benthos and nekton? 2. Discuss some adaptations other than size that are used by organisms to increase their resistance to sinking. 3. List the d ...
Keeping up with An ocean explorer
... information systems. Wright’s timing was satellites to map the terrestrial surface of a have shifted research priorities toward coastal perfect as the new program was looking for planet doesn’t see through water,” she said. areas. With more people living in coastal graduate students. Wright knew ver ...
... information systems. Wright’s timing was satellites to map the terrestrial surface of a have shifted research priorities toward coastal perfect as the new program was looking for planet doesn’t see through water,” she said. areas. With more people living in coastal graduate students. Wright knew ver ...
oceans, seafloor, and continental margins
... EARTH’S SEAFLOOR On June 27,1667, Captain John Wood, on the H. M. Speedwell, recorded that he saw the bottom while sounding at a depth of 80 fathoms (480 feet). His position was approximately 74°30'N, 63°E (to the east of Novaya Zemlya). He records that he "could see the shells at the bottom very ...
... EARTH’S SEAFLOOR On June 27,1667, Captain John Wood, on the H. M. Speedwell, recorded that he saw the bottom while sounding at a depth of 80 fathoms (480 feet). His position was approximately 74°30'N, 63°E (to the east of Novaya Zemlya). He records that he "could see the shells at the bottom very ...
... a single species), species diversity (the number of species within an ecosystem), and ecosystem diversity (the number of different ecosystems on Earth). The largest threats to maintaining diversity on all three scales are human activities, such as overfishing, pollution, habitat alteration, and intr ...
The Indian Ocean Dipole – the unsung driver of climate variability in
... 2002; Tudhope & Collins, 2003). While understanding the mechanisms and processes that determine ENSO-related variability and its impact on the African climate are important, this should not detract from understanding the Indian Ocean SST variations and ensuing ramifications for regional climate, com ...
... 2002; Tudhope & Collins, 2003). While understanding the mechanisms and processes that determine ENSO-related variability and its impact on the African climate are important, this should not detract from understanding the Indian Ocean SST variations and ensuing ramifications for regional climate, com ...
SANCOR Newsletter 210 - National Research Foundation
... sector. The app will be open source and ...
... sector. The app will be open source and ...
Southern Ocean
The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean or the Austral Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the World Ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. As such, it is regarded as the fourth-largest of the five principal oceanic divisions: smaller than the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans but larger than the Arctic Ocean. This ocean zone is where cold, northward flowing waters from the Antarctic mix with warmer subantarctic waters.By way of his voyages in the 1770s, Captain James Cook proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the globe. Since then, geographers have disagreed on the Southern Ocean's northern boundary or even existence, considering the waters part of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans instead. This remains the current official policy of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), since a 2000 revision of its definitions including the Southern Ocean as the waters south of the 60th parallel has not yet been adopted. Others regard the seasonally-fluctuating Antarctic Convergence as the natural boundary.