Session H: Ocean Salinity
... Surface: Sea-surface temperature, Sea-surface salinity, Sea level, Sea state, Sea ice, Current, Ocean colour (for biological activity), Carbon dioxide partial pressure, air-sea fluxes, Sub-surface: Temperature, Salinity, Current, Nutrients, Carbon, Ocean tracers, Phytoplankton. Furthermore: Ocean bo ...
... Surface: Sea-surface temperature, Sea-surface salinity, Sea level, Sea state, Sea ice, Current, Ocean colour (for biological activity), Carbon dioxide partial pressure, air-sea fluxes, Sub-surface: Temperature, Salinity, Current, Nutrients, Carbon, Ocean tracers, Phytoplankton. Furthermore: Ocean bo ...
C N S
... Federal Leadership in Ocean Science and Technology Since the mid-1900s, the U.S. government has achieved a leadership role in ocean science and technology. For many years, the U.S. Navy was the major supporter, primarily through the Office of Naval Research (ONR). Since the National Science Foundati ...
... Federal Leadership in Ocean Science and Technology Since the mid-1900s, the U.S. government has achieved a leadership role in ocean science and technology. For many years, the U.S. Navy was the major supporter, primarily through the Office of Naval Research (ONR). Since the National Science Foundati ...
press kit
... fish larvae – from major oceanic regions. They compiled their genetic material into comprehensive resources that are now available to the scientific community for further studies. “This is the largest DNA sequencing effort ever done for ocean science: analyses revealed around 40 million genes, the v ...
... fish larvae – from major oceanic regions. They compiled their genetic material into comprehensive resources that are now available to the scientific community for further studies. “This is the largest DNA sequencing effort ever done for ocean science: analyses revealed around 40 million genes, the v ...
report - Department of Environmental Affairs
... water from the equatorial region of the Western Indian Ocean. By contrast, on South Africa’s west coast, the cool Benguela Current region is one of the most productive of the world’s marine ecosystems. Wind-driven upwelling brings cold water and nutrients from the deep to the surface, where sunlight ...
... water from the equatorial region of the Western Indian Ocean. By contrast, on South Africa’s west coast, the cool Benguela Current region is one of the most productive of the world’s marine ecosystems. Wind-driven upwelling brings cold water and nutrients from the deep to the surface, where sunlight ...
Hydrosphere and cryosphere
... properties (i.e. sea surface is here studied, whereas 'air surface' properties are usually measured at around 2 m over the surface). The main cause of motion in both, the atmosphere and the ocean is the non-uniform solar heating: a collimated energy beam, pointing to different places as the Earth r ...
... properties (i.e. sea surface is here studied, whereas 'air surface' properties are usually measured at around 2 m over the surface). The main cause of motion in both, the atmosphere and the ocean is the non-uniform solar heating: a collimated energy beam, pointing to different places as the Earth r ...
the Education Guide
... the largest that have ever lived. The traveling exhibition Creatures of the Abyss takes visitors down into the deep, across the vast seafloor, up submarine mountains, into canyons, and alongside hydrothermal vents. It is a mysterious, immersive and awe-inspiring glimpse into another world. This Educ ...
... the largest that have ever lived. The traveling exhibition Creatures of the Abyss takes visitors down into the deep, across the vast seafloor, up submarine mountains, into canyons, and alongside hydrothermal vents. It is a mysterious, immersive and awe-inspiring glimpse into another world. This Educ ...
Presentation
... - no significant atmospheric mode identified Steffen M Olsen, Polar Oceanography, DMI, Copenhagen DK ...
... - no significant atmospheric mode identified Steffen M Olsen, Polar Oceanography, DMI, Copenhagen DK ...
DIVIDENDS FROM INVESTING IN OCEAN OBSERVATIONS: A
... forecasting systems together, and to use the best practices available as standards. This process is particularly advanced in the Baltic region. Operational models of the Atlantic are already in use, with more advanced models under development, in both France and the UK. The northward transport of he ...
... forecasting systems together, and to use the best practices available as standards. This process is particularly advanced in the Baltic region. Operational models of the Atlantic are already in use, with more advanced models under development, in both France and the UK. The northward transport of he ...
Anthropogenic marine radioactivity
... contribute to the input of arti®cial radionuclides to the ocean through discharges associated with their normal operating procedures. These discharges are regulated and monitored by the appropriate national authorities, taking into account both national and international standards in respect to radi ...
... contribute to the input of arti®cial radionuclides to the ocean through discharges associated with their normal operating procedures. These discharges are regulated and monitored by the appropriate national authorities, taking into account both national and international standards in respect to radi ...
Rethinking the Gulf Stream - FDS
... ongoing global collection of temperature and salinity measurements from more than 3,000 floating sensors scattered worldwide. The Argo array, deployed and operated by the U.S. and more than 30 other countries, allows scientists to make nearreal-time maps of temperature and salinity in the upper 2,00 ...
... ongoing global collection of temperature and salinity measurements from more than 3,000 floating sensors scattered worldwide. The Argo array, deployed and operated by the U.S. and more than 30 other countries, allows scientists to make nearreal-time maps of temperature and salinity in the upper 2,00 ...
ocean fertilisation: SCIENCE aNd POLICY ISSuES
... limited, mostly polar regions of the sunlit surface ocean. Many of these nutrients are also moved to other regions as part of global ocean circulation patterns. The maximum return from iron fertilisation alone is therefore limited by the amount of these macro-nutrients available. This upper limit co ...
... limited, mostly polar regions of the sunlit surface ocean. Many of these nutrients are also moved to other regions as part of global ocean circulation patterns. The maximum return from iron fertilisation alone is therefore limited by the amount of these macro-nutrients available. This upper limit co ...
Managing the Ocean Commons Beyond National Jurisdiction
... maximum of 350 nautical miles. Thus, EEZs have drastically carved up the oceans, now covering a third of their total area. However, the boundary of the ocean commons is largely unobserved. The ocean has become the new frontier in the globalized race for fossil energy, which was traditionally carried ...
... maximum of 350 nautical miles. Thus, EEZs have drastically carved up the oceans, now covering a third of their total area. However, the boundary of the ocean commons is largely unobserved. The ocean has become the new frontier in the globalized race for fossil energy, which was traditionally carried ...
Section 4–4 4–4 Aquatic Ecosystems
... Unless you are an avid diver or snorkeler, it takes some imagination to picture what life is like in the vast, three-dimensional ocean. Sunlight penetrates only a relatively short distance through the surface of the water. Photosynthesis is limited to this well-lit upper layer known as the photic (F ...
... Unless you are an avid diver or snorkeler, it takes some imagination to picture what life is like in the vast, three-dimensional ocean. Sunlight penetrates only a relatively short distance through the surface of the water. Photosynthesis is limited to this well-lit upper layer known as the photic (F ...
16 - Glencoe
... entire sections of barrier islands and redeposit the material elsewhere. Figure 16.11 shows the existence of South Gosier Island, a barrier island off the coast of Louisiana in August of 2004, a month before Hurricane Ivan passed over it. The island was completely destroyed by the strong waves gener ...
... entire sections of barrier islands and redeposit the material elsewhere. Figure 16.11 shows the existence of South Gosier Island, a barrier island off the coast of Louisiana in August of 2004, a month before Hurricane Ivan passed over it. The island was completely destroyed by the strong waves gener ...
biogeographic atlas of the southern ocean - HOME
... Biogeographic information is of fundamental importance for discovering marine biodiversity hotspots, detecting and understanding impacts of environmental changes, predicting future distributions, monitoring biodiversity, or supporting conservation and sustainable management strategies. The recent ex ...
... Biogeographic information is of fundamental importance for discovering marine biodiversity hotspots, detecting and understanding impacts of environmental changes, predicting future distributions, monitoring biodiversity, or supporting conservation and sustainable management strategies. The recent ex ...
Marine phytoplankton play a critical role in regulating the earth`s
... carbon dioxide (CO2) that move into (yellow arrows) and out of (green arrows) the atmosphere and upper ocean, which exchange gases every six years or so. Plantlike organisms called phytoplankton play four critical roles in this cycle. These microscopic ocean dwellers annually incorporate about 50 bi ...
... carbon dioxide (CO2) that move into (yellow arrows) and out of (green arrows) the atmosphere and upper ocean, which exchange gases every six years or so. Plantlike organisms called phytoplankton play four critical roles in this cycle. These microscopic ocean dwellers annually incorporate about 50 bi ...
The power of plankton
... the fate of dead phytoplankton. Biologists set out to estimate the total biomass of phytoplankton and calculated that less than one billion tonnes of the single-celled microorganisms were alive in the ocean at any one time. There were 45 billion tonnes of new phytoplankton each year, 45 times more t ...
... the fate of dead phytoplankton. Biologists set out to estimate the total biomass of phytoplankton and calculated that less than one billion tonnes of the single-celled microorganisms were alive in the ocean at any one time. There were 45 billion tonnes of new phytoplankton each year, 45 times more t ...
U.S. JGOFS NEWS
... analyze surface seawater samples Crucial to the success of both is the sampled by HOT investigators for a from around the globe and to proachievement of accurate and precise suite of properties, including DIC vide “certified” values for CRMs. measurements, without which subtle and TAlk, at nearly mo ...
... analyze surface seawater samples Crucial to the success of both is the sampled by HOT investigators for a from around the globe and to proachievement of accurate and precise suite of properties, including DIC vide “certified” values for CRMs. measurements, without which subtle and TAlk, at nearly mo ...
Remote Sensing of the Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient and Related
... ⎝ green ⎠ where χ and γ are determined empirically and CHL is retrieved as a spectral ratio of water reflectance (e.g. the OC3, OC4 algorithms). A generalization of Eq 2.b expresses light attenuation as linear function of the concentrations of the main optically active components in case 2 waters, C ...
... ⎝ green ⎠ where χ and γ are determined empirically and CHL is retrieved as a spectral ratio of water reflectance (e.g. the OC3, OC4 algorithms). A generalization of Eq 2.b expresses light attenuation as linear function of the concentrations of the main optically active components in case 2 waters, C ...
Interaction of sea ice sediments and surface sea water in the Arctic
... on IRS so far, no exact source areas for sea ice sediments have been located due to the complexity of the drift regime in the Arctic Ocean [e.g., Nürnberg et al., 1994]. [3] The presence of sediments in sea ice affects the radiation balance of the Arctic Ocean. For example, Tucker et al. [1999] fou ...
... on IRS so far, no exact source areas for sea ice sediments have been located due to the complexity of the drift regime in the Arctic Ocean [e.g., Nürnberg et al., 1994]. [3] The presence of sediments in sea ice affects the radiation balance of the Arctic Ocean. For example, Tucker et al. [1999] fou ...
Interocean Exchange of Thermocline Water - Lamont
... primarily within the ocean's warm water thermocline layer. In this way the main thermoclinesof the ocean are linked as they participate in a thermohaline-drivenglobal scalecirculation cell associatedwith NADW formation. The path of the return flow of warm water is as follows: Pacific to Indian flow ...
... primarily within the ocean's warm water thermocline layer. In this way the main thermoclinesof the ocean are linked as they participate in a thermohaline-drivenglobal scalecirculation cell associatedwith NADW formation. The path of the return flow of warm water is as follows: Pacific to Indian flow ...
Effect of global ocean temperature change on deep ocean ventilation
... the equation of state (EOS) to mean temperature change can affect global ventilation in the following way. [6] Polar regions are stratified by the low salinity of their surface waters, but sufficient winter cooling and sea ice formation can destabilize the water column and initiate deep convection. ...
... the equation of state (EOS) to mean temperature change can affect global ventilation in the following way. [6] Polar regions are stratified by the low salinity of their surface waters, but sufficient winter cooling and sea ice formation can destabilize the water column and initiate deep convection. ...
Exploration Technologies for the Utilization of Ocean Floor Resources
... Shelf (CLCS)” by May 2009 that was established based on the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Because of the time requirements, Japan is now accelerating the investigation for collecting necessary information for preparation of the report. The limits of continental shelf established based on the ...
... Shelf (CLCS)” by May 2009 that was established based on the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Because of the time requirements, Japan is now accelerating the investigation for collecting necessary information for preparation of the report. The limits of continental shelf established based on the ...
Basic Act on Ocean Policy (Act No. 33 of April 27, 2007) Table of
... inflammable natural gas, other mineral resource including manganese ores, cobalt ores existing on and under the sea floor, establishment of the system for the above mentioned missions and execution of others, in order to promote the positive development and use of the oceans, considering conservati ...
... inflammable natural gas, other mineral resource including manganese ores, cobalt ores existing on and under the sea floor, establishment of the system for the above mentioned missions and execution of others, in order to promote the positive development and use of the oceans, considering conservati ...
Southern Ocean
The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean or the Austral Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the World Ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. As such, it is regarded as the fourth-largest of the five principal oceanic divisions: smaller than the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans but larger than the Arctic Ocean. This ocean zone is where cold, northward flowing waters from the Antarctic mix with warmer subantarctic waters.By way of his voyages in the 1770s, Captain James Cook proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the globe. Since then, geographers have disagreed on the Southern Ocean's northern boundary or even existence, considering the waters part of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans instead. This remains the current official policy of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), since a 2000 revision of its definitions including the Southern Ocean as the waters south of the 60th parallel has not yet been adopted. Others regard the seasonally-fluctuating Antarctic Convergence as the natural boundary.