Box 9.1 The Basics of Sound (Part 1)
... • Auditory object is the fundamental perceptual unit in hearing • Similar to visual objects although made up of spectrotemporal regularities • Auditory scene contains numerous acoustic stimuli ...
... • Auditory object is the fundamental perceptual unit in hearing • Similar to visual objects although made up of spectrotemporal regularities • Auditory scene contains numerous acoustic stimuli ...
Sensation2011
... • Then the cochlea vibrates. • The cochlea is lined with mucus called basilar membrane. • In basilar membrane there are hair cells. • When hair cells vibrate they turn vibrations into neural impulses which are called organ of Corti. • Sent then to thalamus up auditory nerve. ...
... • Then the cochlea vibrates. • The cochlea is lined with mucus called basilar membrane. • In basilar membrane there are hair cells. • When hair cells vibrate they turn vibrations into neural impulses which are called organ of Corti. • Sent then to thalamus up auditory nerve. ...
Document
... forces/energy into electrical impulses that are mediated by neural spikes. Neural “encoding” ...
... forces/energy into electrical impulses that are mediated by neural spikes. Neural “encoding” ...
The Nonvisual Sensory Systems
... usually corrected by surgery or hearing aids Nerve Deafness damage to cochlea, hair cells or auditory nerve usually treated with hearing aids caused by genetics, disease, ototoxic drugs, etc. ...
... usually corrected by surgery or hearing aids Nerve Deafness damage to cochlea, hair cells or auditory nerve usually treated with hearing aids caused by genetics, disease, ototoxic drugs, etc. ...
The world beyond 20kHz
... something is going on that cannot be explained entirely in terms of our ability to hear tones. The inner ear is a complex device with incredible details in its construction. Acoustical pressure waves are converted into nerve pulses in the inner ear, specifically in the cochlea, which is a liquid fil ...
... something is going on that cannot be explained entirely in terms of our ability to hear tones. The inner ear is a complex device with incredible details in its construction. Acoustical pressure waves are converted into nerve pulses in the inner ear, specifically in the cochlea, which is a liquid fil ...
P312Ch11_Auditory III (Coding Frequency And Intensity
... neurons that fired each time the membrane moved. Main problem with this theory: We can perceive sounds whose frequencies are as high as 20,000 Hz, but neurons cannot respond at rates higher than 1000 action potentials per second, if that high. So the theory, unaltered, cannot account for our ability ...
... neurons that fired each time the membrane moved. Main problem with this theory: We can perceive sounds whose frequencies are as high as 20,000 Hz, but neurons cannot respond at rates higher than 1000 action potentials per second, if that high. So the theory, unaltered, cannot account for our ability ...
Homeostasis and Behavior
... external stimulus – stimulus coming from outside an organism. internal stimulus – a stimulus coming from inside an organism. When a stimulus is detected, the nervous system gathers the information. Then it decides how to respond quick – nerve impulses slow - hormones taxis – an animal’s movement tow ...
... external stimulus – stimulus coming from outside an organism. internal stimulus – a stimulus coming from inside an organism. When a stimulus is detected, the nervous system gathers the information. Then it decides how to respond quick – nerve impulses slow - hormones taxis – an animal’s movement tow ...
The role of the nervous system in detecting and
... The role of the nervous system in detecting and responding to stimuli Detecting and responding in animals A complex animal may need to respond immediately to a stimulus. In many situations, it is important that a change is detected instantly and appropriate signals sent quickly to relevant parts of ...
... The role of the nervous system in detecting and responding to stimuli Detecting and responding in animals A complex animal may need to respond immediately to a stimulus. In many situations, it is important that a change is detected instantly and appropriate signals sent quickly to relevant parts of ...
sensation - LackeyLand
... Ernst Weber noted that for a jnd of any two of the same stimuli to be detected by an individual the stimuli cannot simply vary by a specific amount. • Weber’s Law: difference thresholds increase in proportion to the size of the stimulus • For the average person to perceive their differences: • Two l ...
... Ernst Weber noted that for a jnd of any two of the same stimuli to be detected by an individual the stimuli cannot simply vary by a specific amount. • Weber’s Law: difference thresholds increase in proportion to the size of the stimulus • For the average person to perceive their differences: • Two l ...
Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
... •Sound waves vibrate bones of the middle ear •Stirrup hits against the oval window of cochlea •Sets the fluid inside in motion •Hair cells are stimulated with the movement of the basilar membrane •Physical stimulation converted into neural impulses •Sent through the thalamus to the auditory cortex ( ...
... •Sound waves vibrate bones of the middle ear •Stirrup hits against the oval window of cochlea •Sets the fluid inside in motion •Hair cells are stimulated with the movement of the basilar membrane •Physical stimulation converted into neural impulses •Sent through the thalamus to the auditory cortex ( ...
View Presentation
... sensing sound increases range of sensation beyond that of smell allows localization and identification ...
... sensing sound increases range of sensation beyond that of smell allows localization and identification ...
Chapter 8
... 5. A(n) _______________ variable is any uncontrolled variable that systematically covaries with an independent variable. 6. For a particular person on a particular task, there is a(n) _______________ relation between response time and accuracy. 7. Stimulus onset asynchrony refers to the ____________ ...
... 5. A(n) _______________ variable is any uncontrolled variable that systematically covaries with an independent variable. 6. For a particular person on a particular task, there is a(n) _______________ relation between response time and accuracy. 7. Stimulus onset asynchrony refers to the ____________ ...
Hearing
... are connected to certain auditory fibres. • the fibres are distributed tonotopically (by their best frequencies) in the auditory nerve ...
... are connected to certain auditory fibres. • the fibres are distributed tonotopically (by their best frequencies) in the auditory nerve ...
Chapter 4 – Sensation
... Rods – Photoreceptors in the retina that respond to lower light intensities and give rise to achromatic (colorless) sensations Cones – Visual receptors that respond to greater light intensities and give rise to chromatic sensations Fovea – The area roughly at the retina’s center where cones ar ...
... Rods – Photoreceptors in the retina that respond to lower light intensities and give rise to achromatic (colorless) sensations Cones – Visual receptors that respond to greater light intensities and give rise to chromatic sensations Fovea – The area roughly at the retina’s center where cones ar ...
The Auditory System
... are induced by vibrating membranes such as vocal cords. Because the membranes usually vibrate in a regular manner, the pressure waves have a fixed spacing. ...
... are induced by vibrating membranes such as vocal cords. Because the membranes usually vibrate in a regular manner, the pressure waves have a fixed spacing. ...
CS 414
... • Firing rate of neurons far below frequencies that a person can hear – Volley theory: groups of neurons fire in wellcoordinated sequence ...
... • Firing rate of neurons far below frequencies that a person can hear – Volley theory: groups of neurons fire in wellcoordinated sequence ...
An introduction to hearing
... • frequency encoded by place, but also in timing – below 3kHz: Neurons firing phase locked to the signal – above 3kHz: Neurons follow the envelope of the signal • intensity encoded by rate (and also number of neurons firing) • there are responses ...
... • frequency encoded by place, but also in timing – below 3kHz: Neurons firing phase locked to the signal – above 3kHz: Neurons follow the envelope of the signal • intensity encoded by rate (and also number of neurons firing) • there are responses ...
Factual - Cengage
... projected onto the retina. The retina converts the light rays into nerve impulses, which then travel via the optic nerve to the optic chiasm. At the optic chiasm, the axons from the inside half of each eye cross over and project along two divergent pathways to the opposite cerebral hemisphere. ...
... projected onto the retina. The retina converts the light rays into nerve impulses, which then travel via the optic nerve to the optic chiasm. At the optic chiasm, the axons from the inside half of each eye cross over and project along two divergent pathways to the opposite cerebral hemisphere. ...