Scientific Program - Instituto de Física Facultad de Ciencias
... periodically varying refractive index, Floquet-Bloch eigenmodes, and bandgap spectrum, also discussing their potential use in all-optical photonic devices. I will also overview our recent experiments on one- and two-dimensional opticallyinduced photonic lattices created by light in photorefractive n ...
... periodically varying refractive index, Floquet-Bloch eigenmodes, and bandgap spectrum, also discussing their potential use in all-optical photonic devices. I will also overview our recent experiments on one- and two-dimensional opticallyinduced photonic lattices created by light in photorefractive n ...
Optical pumping of Rubidium
... In one case. the magnetic field can be slowly changed at constant frequency. With increasing magnetic field strength the energy spacing between neighbouring Zeeman levels increases. If this spacing is exactly E(F.,mF) − E(F, mF-1) = hf0 and if f0 is the frequency of the irradiating high frequency, i ...
... In one case. the magnetic field can be slowly changed at constant frequency. With increasing magnetic field strength the energy spacing between neighbouring Zeeman levels increases. If this spacing is exactly E(F.,mF) − E(F, mF-1) = hf0 and if f0 is the frequency of the irradiating high frequency, i ...
Physics of Laser-matter interaction at ultra
... electromagnetic wave (laser) can propagate up to 2 0 i.e. up to ne nc or ne > nc. This means that the laser light can penetrate even beyond the critical density. At low intensities (laser light can penetrate only up to the critical density. Physically, this is because p2rel = (4nee2)/ ...
... electromagnetic wave (laser) can propagate up to 2 0 i.e. up to ne nc or ne > nc. This means that the laser light can penetrate even beyond the critical density. At low intensities (laser light can penetrate only up to the critical density. Physically, this is because p2rel = (4nee2)/ ...
Observation of Cooper minimum in Krypton using high harmonic
... High harmonic spectroscopy utilizes the methods of attosecond science to study electronic properties of atoms and molecules. We use a 1.8 μm 11 fs laser source to generate high harmonic spectra beyond 150 eV. The Cooper minimum in krypton is clearly visible in these spectra, and would otherwise be d ...
... High harmonic spectroscopy utilizes the methods of attosecond science to study electronic properties of atoms and molecules. We use a 1.8 μm 11 fs laser source to generate high harmonic spectra beyond 150 eV. The Cooper minimum in krypton is clearly visible in these spectra, and would otherwise be d ...
Spectral linewidth of a Ne-like Ar capillary discharge soft-x-ray laser... on amplification beyond gain saturation
... be expected to effectively homogenize the Doppler component [21]. The latter is the result of velocity-changing collisions that transfer populations among the different velocity groups of the radiating ions such that a single velocity is no longer associated with each radiator (collisional redistrib ...
... be expected to effectively homogenize the Doppler component [21]. The latter is the result of velocity-changing collisions that transfer populations among the different velocity groups of the radiating ions such that a single velocity is no longer associated with each radiator (collisional redistrib ...
4.1 Simulated Emission and Photon Amplification
... He-Ne laser transition for λ = 632.8nm if the gas discharge temperature is about 127°C. The atomic mass of Ne is 20.2 g/mol. The laser tube length is 40 cm. Find: (a) the linewidth in the output wavelength spectrum (b) the mode number m of the central wavelength (c) the separation between two consec ...
... He-Ne laser transition for λ = 632.8nm if the gas discharge temperature is about 127°C. The atomic mass of Ne is 20.2 g/mol. The laser tube length is 40 cm. Find: (a) the linewidth in the output wavelength spectrum (b) the mode number m of the central wavelength (c) the separation between two consec ...
Emission Line Spectra and the Rydberg Constant
... Rydberg equation and experimentally determine the Rydberg constant. Along the way you will also determine the upper and lower ...
... Rydberg equation and experimentally determine the Rydberg constant. Along the way you will also determine the upper and lower ...
Matter in Intense Laser Fields
... accelerating electrons during their scattering with neutral atoms or ions. This phenomenon was observed in 1977 [Weingartshofer et al. 1977] in which the electrons are produced by standard multiphoton ionization but the excess of energy is attained by inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption. Multiphoton a ...
... accelerating electrons during their scattering with neutral atoms or ions. This phenomenon was observed in 1977 [Weingartshofer et al. 1977] in which the electrons are produced by standard multiphoton ionization but the excess of energy is attained by inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption. Multiphoton a ...
PT symmetry in optics
... Figure 4: (a) Numerical evaluation from Eq. 4.1 of transmission T and reflection R for a Bragg grating. The following parameters were used: n0 = 1, n1 = 10−3 , L = 12.5π and β = 100. In case of a PT grating, the system is at the exceptional point when n2 = n1 . In this case, RL is diminished for a b ...
... Figure 4: (a) Numerical evaluation from Eq. 4.1 of transmission T and reflection R for a Bragg grating. The following parameters were used: n0 = 1, n1 = 10−3 , L = 12.5π and β = 100. In case of a PT grating, the system is at the exceptional point when n2 = n1 . In this case, RL is diminished for a b ...
Self-Organization, Broken Symmetry, and Lasing in an Atomic Vapor:
... picture, the similarity of this atomic gain mechanism to that of the free-electron laser is clear [1,3,4] and this correspondence has provoked significant interest [5]. In this Letter, we present direct experimental evidence that a highly efficient, short wavelength grating can spontaneously form in ...
... picture, the similarity of this atomic gain mechanism to that of the free-electron laser is clear [1,3,4] and this correspondence has provoked significant interest [5]. In this Letter, we present direct experimental evidence that a highly efficient, short wavelength grating can spontaneously form in ...
Generation of quasistanding hypersonic wave in stimulated brillouin
... A laser radiation pulse was directed using lenses to a cell containing the liquid being investigated. Once a certain was obtained, the liquid cavitated along intensity P, =Ith the length of the waist: tracks emerged, consisting of floating bubbles. As this took place, the beam cross section increase ...
... A laser radiation pulse was directed using lenses to a cell containing the liquid being investigated. Once a certain was obtained, the liquid cavitated along intensity P, =Ith the length of the waist: tracks emerged, consisting of floating bubbles. As this took place, the beam cross section increase ...
Laser Spectroscopy B3 - Imperial College London
... exposure. Your blink reflex won't be able to save you at this wavelength. • Remove wristwatches and any other jewellery which may come into contact with the laser. (This includes rings, long necklaces, earphones etc.) • Wear the safety goggles provided when working with this apparatus. • Ensure that ...
... exposure. Your blink reflex won't be able to save you at this wavelength. • Remove wristwatches and any other jewellery which may come into contact with the laser. (This includes rings, long necklaces, earphones etc.) • Wear the safety goggles provided when working with this apparatus. • Ensure that ...
Bistable localized emission states in a 200 μm broad
... chosen, at locations away from the nearto the detection part, and also to allow the field boundaries and defect lines. The injected field to enter the cavity. VCSEL was biased to be within the bistability range of these two spots. Figure 2 displays near-field intensity distributions during the exper ...
... chosen, at locations away from the nearto the detection part, and also to allow the field boundaries and defect lines. The injected field to enter the cavity. VCSEL was biased to be within the bistability range of these two spots. Figure 2 displays near-field intensity distributions during the exper ...
st3
... The gain process in an atom laser • In a normal gas, atoms scatter among the many modes of the system. But when the critical temperature for Bose-Einstein condensation is reached, they scatter predominantly into the lowest energy state of the system, a single one of the myriad of possible quantum s ...
... The gain process in an atom laser • In a normal gas, atoms scatter among the many modes of the system. But when the critical temperature for Bose-Einstein condensation is reached, they scatter predominantly into the lowest energy state of the system, a single one of the myriad of possible quantum s ...
`Cutoff Frequency` of Quantum-Dot Single-Electron Pump - e-SI-Amp
... level-shift rate of a quasibound state on a QD. In order to quantify the level-shift rate, we investigated a physical parameter called as ‘tunneling blockade gap’ denoted as ∆EUL which is illustrated in Fig. 1(b) [8]. Figure 1(b) depicts the loading and unloading process as the entrance potential ba ...
... level-shift rate of a quasibound state on a QD. In order to quantify the level-shift rate, we investigated a physical parameter called as ‘tunneling blockade gap’ denoted as ∆EUL which is illustrated in Fig. 1(b) [8]. Figure 1(b) depicts the loading and unloading process as the entrance potential ba ...
(DPSS) Lasers - Society of Education
... lead to an increase in absorption losses within laser diode. Such defects are common in AlGaAs laser diodes because of the oxidation and migration of the aluminum. At present efficient aluminum free laser diodes replace the aluminum containing lasers. (iii) resistive losses and heating because of in ...
... lead to an increase in absorption losses within laser diode. Such defects are common in AlGaAs laser diodes because of the oxidation and migration of the aluminum. At present efficient aluminum free laser diodes replace the aluminum containing lasers. (iii) resistive losses and heating because of in ...
np W. L. Glab and P. T. Glynn F. Robicheaux
... pulses. The light from this laser was sent through a telescope, which made it possible to adjust its divergence to improve the matching of the locations of the beam waists after the the beams were focused into the xenon cell. After the beams were combined with a dichroic mirror, the light was focuse ...
... pulses. The light from this laser was sent through a telescope, which made it possible to adjust its divergence to improve the matching of the locations of the beam waists after the the beams were focused into the xenon cell. After the beams were combined with a dichroic mirror, the light was focuse ...
Doppler-Free Spectroscopy MIT Department of Physics
... width of the sweep (the red knob), the sweep speed (small grey knob left of the multiturn potentiometer), and the sweep offset (the multiturn pot). A frequency sweep of approximately 10 GHz is possible, with periods from seconds to milliseconds. The SC100 has two outputs; one goes to the diode laser ...
... width of the sweep (the red knob), the sweep speed (small grey knob left of the multiturn potentiometer), and the sweep offset (the multiturn pot). A frequency sweep of approximately 10 GHz is possible, with periods from seconds to milliseconds. The SC100 has two outputs; one goes to the diode laser ...
Chapter 12: Optical Communications
... The resolution of this seeming paradox lies in the assumption that the receiver in this example is a single mode device like that of typical radio receivers or the Martian optical receiver considered above. If this room-link receiver were isotropic and intercepted only a single mode, its effective a ...
... The resolution of this seeming paradox lies in the assumption that the receiver in this example is a single mode device like that of typical radio receivers or the Martian optical receiver considered above. If this room-link receiver were isotropic and intercepted only a single mode, its effective a ...
Application of the Sampling and Replication Operators to Describe
... In quantum optics, the feedback is provided by a resonant cavity around the gain material. The simplest resonant cavity consists of only two plane mirrors (a high reflector and an output coupler) facing each other, surrounding the gain medium (this arrangement is known as a Fabry-Perot cavity). Sinc ...
... In quantum optics, the feedback is provided by a resonant cavity around the gain material. The simplest resonant cavity consists of only two plane mirrors (a high reflector and an output coupler) facing each other, surrounding the gain medium (this arrangement is known as a Fabry-Perot cavity). Sinc ...
Ph 76 ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY — ATOMIC
... If the atoms in the vapor cell had a single excited state but two hyperfine ground states (we call them both “ground” states because neither can decay via an allowed transition), and the separation of the ground states was less than the Doppler width, then one might see a spectrum like in Figure 4. ...
... If the atoms in the vapor cell had a single excited state but two hyperfine ground states (we call them both “ground” states because neither can decay via an allowed transition), and the separation of the ground states was less than the Doppler width, then one might see a spectrum like in Figure 4. ...
Ph 76 ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY — ATOMIC AND
... If the atoms in the vapor cell had a single excited state but two hyperfine ground states (we call them both “ground” states because neither can decay via an allowed transition), and the separation of the ground states was less than the Doppler width, then one might see a spectrum like in Figure 4. ...
... If the atoms in the vapor cell had a single excited state but two hyperfine ground states (we call them both “ground” states because neither can decay via an allowed transition), and the separation of the ground states was less than the Doppler width, then one might see a spectrum like in Figure 4. ...
CHAPTER 1 Wave Nature of Light
... • Consider an optical cavity of length L with parallel end mirrors a Fabry-Perot optical resonator or etalon • Only standing waves with certain wavelengths can be maintained within the optical cavity ...
... • Consider an optical cavity of length L with parallel end mirrors a Fabry-Perot optical resonator or etalon • Only standing waves with certain wavelengths can be maintained within the optical cavity ...
Nikolai G. Basov - Nobel Lecture
... (I) The creation of quantum frequency oscillators of high stability and the transition to atomic standards of time made it possible to raise the question of solving the problem of the properties of atomic time. Dicke 2 in his paper at the first conference on quantum electronics pointed out the possi ...
... (I) The creation of quantum frequency oscillators of high stability and the transition to atomic standards of time made it possible to raise the question of solving the problem of the properties of atomic time. Dicke 2 in his paper at the first conference on quantum electronics pointed out the possi ...
Semiconductor lasers Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1964
... (I) The creation of quantum frequency oscillators of high stability and the transition to atomic standards of time made it possible to raise the question of solving the problem of the properties of atomic time. Dicke 2 in his paper at the first conference on quantum electronics pointed out the possi ...
... (I) The creation of quantum frequency oscillators of high stability and the transition to atomic standards of time made it possible to raise the question of solving the problem of the properties of atomic time. Dicke 2 in his paper at the first conference on quantum electronics pointed out the possi ...
Laser pumping
Laser pumping is the act of energy transfer from an external source into the gain medium of a laser. The energy is absorbed in the medium, producing excited states in its atoms. When the number of particles in one excited state exceeds the number of particles in the ground state or a less-excited state, population inversion is achieved. In this condition, the mechanism of stimulated emission can take place and the medium can act as a laser or an optical amplifier. The pump power must be higher than the lasing threshold of the laser.The pump energy is usually provided in the form of light or electric current, but more exotic sources have been used, such as chemical or nuclear reactions.