Laser Locking with Doppler-free Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy
... spontaneously decay to more than one lower energy level that may or may not interact with the incident laser beam. When atoms are excited and then decay to a non-resonant lower level, the population of atoms in the resonant ground state becomes depleted and causes an increase in the size of the satu ...
... spontaneously decay to more than one lower energy level that may or may not interact with the incident laser beam. When atoms are excited and then decay to a non-resonant lower level, the population of atoms in the resonant ground state becomes depleted and causes an increase in the size of the satu ...
Simultaneous slow and fast light effects using in atomic vapor
... Controllable anomalous dispersion has applications in enhancing the sensitivity of a gyroscope [11-13] and in constructing a white light cavity for broadband gravitational wave detection. [14-17]. Here we present a new technique for producing anomalous dispersion, which is better suited than the Ram ...
... Controllable anomalous dispersion has applications in enhancing the sensitivity of a gyroscope [11-13] and in constructing a white light cavity for broadband gravitational wave detection. [14-17]. Here we present a new technique for producing anomalous dispersion, which is better suited than the Ram ...
Laser Collimation of a Chromium Beam Using Doppler Force Wen
... of 3 mm transverse to the atom beam. This laser profile produced our best atomic beam collimation. Typical powers in the cooling beam ranged from 60 mW to 70 mW, and the probe beam, also linearly polarized, was circular in cross section with a 1/e2 diameter of 2 mm and had 3 mW power. As Figure 8 sh ...
... of 3 mm transverse to the atom beam. This laser profile produced our best atomic beam collimation. Typical powers in the cooling beam ranged from 60 mW to 70 mW, and the probe beam, also linearly polarized, was circular in cross section with a 1/e2 diameter of 2 mm and had 3 mW power. As Figure 8 sh ...
Two-photon cooling of magnesium atoms
... 兩2典 = 共3s3d兲 1D2. Relevant numbers for the two transitions are listed in Table I. From the 共3s3d兲 1D2 state the atom can spontaneously decay to the 共3s3p兲 1 P1 state at a rate of ⌫2 = 1.4⫻ 107 s−1 and further to the ground state at a rate ⌫1 = 4.95⫻ 108 s−1. Unlike other alkaline-earth-metal systems ...
... 兩2典 = 共3s3d兲 1D2. Relevant numbers for the two transitions are listed in Table I. From the 共3s3d兲 1D2 state the atom can spontaneously decay to the 共3s3p兲 1 P1 state at a rate of ⌫2 = 1.4⫻ 107 s−1 and further to the ground state at a rate ⌫1 = 4.95⫻ 108 s−1. Unlike other alkaline-earth-metal systems ...
Spectral Characteristics of Semiconductor Lasers with Optical
... Note, however, that changing the phase of the feedback, e.g., by varying L by a fraction of a wavelength, is equivalent to translating the ripple in the curves diagonally along the line corresponding to r = O. Thus, altering the phase 01 (’ho) by n ...
... Note, however, that changing the phase of the feedback, e.g., by varying L by a fraction of a wavelength, is equivalent to translating the ripple in the curves diagonally along the line corresponding to r = O. Thus, altering the phase 01 (’ho) by n ...
Beyond Optical Molasses: 3D Raman Sideband Cooling of Atomic Cesium to High Phase-Space Density.
... Finally, the large vibrational ground state populations accessible with our cooling allow us to directly verify the band model for adiabatic release originally developed in Ref. [18]. In this model, the Bloch states within each vibrational band are assumed to be equally populated, corresponding to r ...
... Finally, the large vibrational ground state populations accessible with our cooling allow us to directly verify the band model for adiabatic release originally developed in Ref. [18]. In this model, the Bloch states within each vibrational band are assumed to be equally populated, corresponding to r ...
Modeling Resonant Wavelengths for Type II “W” Optical Pumping
... percentage of injected pump carriers that are converted into photons inside the cavity, and the internal loss, which is the ...
... percentage of injected pump carriers that are converted into photons inside the cavity, and the internal loss, which is the ...
Blue light hazard
... exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Wavelengths shorter than 320 nm are most effective in causing this condition. The peak of the action spectrum is approximately at 270 nm. Note: Different action spectra have been published for photokeratitis and photoconjuctivitis (CIE 106/2 and CIE 106/3– 199 ...
... exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Wavelengths shorter than 320 nm are most effective in causing this condition. The peak of the action spectrum is approximately at 270 nm. Note: Different action spectra have been published for photokeratitis and photoconjuctivitis (CIE 106/2 and CIE 106/3– 199 ...
laser spectroscopy
... Random thermal motion of atoms or molecules creates a Doppler shift in the emitted or absorbed radiation. The spectral lines of such atoms or molecules are said to be Doppler broadened since the frequency of the radiation emitted or absorbed depends on the atomic velocities. Individual spectral line ...
... Random thermal motion of atoms or molecules creates a Doppler shift in the emitted or absorbed radiation. The spectral lines of such atoms or molecules are said to be Doppler broadened since the frequency of the radiation emitted or absorbed depends on the atomic velocities. Individual spectral line ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
... Alternatively, the sensitivity can be improved by using cavity-enhanced absorption methods, such as cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS) [18] and integrated cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS) [27]. CRDS involves coupling the laser beam with a high-finesse optical cavity. This method requires precise ...
... Alternatively, the sensitivity can be improved by using cavity-enhanced absorption methods, such as cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS) [18] and integrated cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS) [27]. CRDS involves coupling the laser beam with a high-finesse optical cavity. This method requires precise ...
Lecture 11: Semiconductor lasers and light
... Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) • The light output of an LED is the spontaneous emission generated by radiative recombination of electrons and holes in the active region of the diode under forward bias. • The semiconductor material is direct-bandgap to ensure high quantum efficiency, often III-V semic ...
... Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) • The light output of an LED is the spontaneous emission generated by radiative recombination of electrons and holes in the active region of the diode under forward bias. • The semiconductor material is direct-bandgap to ensure high quantum efficiency, often III-V semic ...
Light Source Notes
... such a temperature drift was used in order to get an experimental limit on the temperature coefficient, ξT, for the pointing stability of the Melles Griot laser. The correlation between the beam position change and temperature drift measured by switching the air conditioner gives ξT = (20 ± 3) µrad/ ...
... such a temperature drift was used in order to get an experimental limit on the temperature coefficient, ξT, for the pointing stability of the Melles Griot laser. The correlation between the beam position change and temperature drift measured by switching the air conditioner gives ξT = (20 ± 3) µrad/ ...
Quantum Phase Noise and Field Correlation in Single Frequency
... discussed in terms of the autocorrelation function commonly achieved by using interferometric or beating techand spectral density of the photocurrent; the purpose of this niques [9] - [ 11] . The higher temporal coherence of single lonpaper is to give a simple unified treatment which can be applied ...
... discussed in terms of the autocorrelation function commonly achieved by using interferometric or beating techand spectral density of the photocurrent; the purpose of this niques [9] - [ 11] . The higher temporal coherence of single lonpaper is to give a simple unified treatment which can be applied ...
Enhanced fiber coupled laser power and brightness for
... The heart of the concept is a specially tailored diode laser bar, with the epitaxial and lateral structures designed such that only standard fast- and slow-axis collimator lenses in combination with appropriate focusing optics are required to couple the beam into a fiber with a core diameter of 200 ...
... The heart of the concept is a specially tailored diode laser bar, with the epitaxial and lateral structures designed such that only standard fast- and slow-axis collimator lenses in combination with appropriate focusing optics are required to couple the beam into a fiber with a core diameter of 200 ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... The first step utilizes the CPA technique. Working on one beam, we compress the 10 kJ, 5 ns, chirped pulse into a 10 kJ, 20 ps, Fourier-transformed pulse. Because the desired final pulse duration from the CPA stage should be about 20 ps, corresponding to a narrow bandwidth, we can conveniently use d ...
... The first step utilizes the CPA technique. Working on one beam, we compress the 10 kJ, 5 ns, chirped pulse into a 10 kJ, 20 ps, Fourier-transformed pulse. Because the desired final pulse duration from the CPA stage should be about 20 ps, corresponding to a narrow bandwidth, we can conveniently use d ...
Single-frequency continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator
... 1. INTRODUCTION The development of all-solid-state, continuous-wave (cw) light sources with emission covering the visible spectrum, as an alternative to dye lasers, is one of the major challenges in laser source development. Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are an especially promising approach ...
... 1. INTRODUCTION The development of all-solid-state, continuous-wave (cw) light sources with emission covering the visible spectrum, as an alternative to dye lasers, is one of the major challenges in laser source development. Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are an especially promising approach ...
Physics Today
... which initially all of the atoms are in the ground state. (The shown the matching of photon statistics.7 pulses need not have equal Rabi frequencies Op and flc.) For EIT to work, it must be possible to self-consisAs the matched pulses enter the first layer of atoms, tently establish the population-t ...
... which initially all of the atoms are in the ground state. (The shown the matching of photon statistics.7 pulses need not have equal Rabi frequencies Op and flc.) For EIT to work, it must be possible to self-consisAs the matched pulses enter the first layer of atoms, tently establish the population-t ...
Design and performance of a dual-laser
... of instruments to measure gases in trace amounts enjoy full access to the wavelengths where those measurements can be made with the greatest sensitivity. Many small molecules have their strongest absorption lines in the spectral region between ~3 and 10 μm, the spectral region spanned by QCL's and ...
... of instruments to measure gases in trace amounts enjoy full access to the wavelengths where those measurements can be made with the greatest sensitivity. Many small molecules have their strongest absorption lines in the spectral region between ~3 and 10 μm, the spectral region spanned by QCL's and ...
High-peak-power pulse generation from a
... at a constant high oscillator injection for different amplifier currents are similar to that of Fig. 1, showing only a slight redshift caused by self-heating (∼90 pm ∕A at I MO 500 mA). At low oscillator injection, mode hopping was observed. Figure 2 shows the spectra measured at a constant I MO ...
... at a constant high oscillator injection for different amplifier currents are similar to that of Fig. 1, showing only a slight redshift caused by self-heating (∼90 pm ∕A at I MO 500 mA). At low oscillator injection, mode hopping was observed. Figure 2 shows the spectra measured at a constant I MO ...
Photonic Crystal Nanocavities for Efficient Light Confinement and
... quantum well material. This spontaneous emission coupling efficiency can be even higher if the linewidth of the semiconductor emission is narrowed, as is the case when using quantum dot active material. Therefore, single defect photonic crystal lasers represent the ultimate evolution of VCSELs, as c ...
... quantum well material. This spontaneous emission coupling efficiency can be even higher if the linewidth of the semiconductor emission is narrowed, as is the case when using quantum dot active material. Therefore, single defect photonic crystal lasers represent the ultimate evolution of VCSELs, as c ...
NPM-O22 Influences of different low level laser power at
... generated by the ASAP program. Computer modeling is the primary tool to identify optimal laser settings. It was used to deliver the light and propagation multi laser power for two types of skin, dark and light. The power flux distribution and absorption were demonstrated within 0.015 to 0.1 mm in ep ...
... generated by the ASAP program. Computer modeling is the primary tool to identify optimal laser settings. It was used to deliver the light and propagation multi laser power for two types of skin, dark and light. The power flux distribution and absorption were demonstrated within 0.015 to 0.1 mm in ep ...
l .22 `"3: ` 20 29$
... A microwave generator is provided in which at least guide 60 and the outer cylindrical conductors of the two transmission lines are connected at intervals along coaxial lines 34, 36, 38 and 40 are all at the same refer the length of a wave guide means. At least two light ence potential as the batter ...
... A microwave generator is provided in which at least guide 60 and the outer cylindrical conductors of the two transmission lines are connected at intervals along coaxial lines 34, 36, 38 and 40 are all at the same refer the length of a wave guide means. At least two light ence potential as the batter ...
Experiment Guide - Industrial Fiber Optics
... To a casual observer, light in the world around us seems to travel in a straight line. The appearance of shadows and reflections in mirrors seems to support this conclusion. The behavior of light in these instances can be explained with ordinary geometry. Light is either reflected, absorbed, scatter ...
... To a casual observer, light in the world around us seems to travel in a straight line. The appearance of shadows and reflections in mirrors seems to support this conclusion. The behavior of light in these instances can be explained with ordinary geometry. Light is either reflected, absorbed, scatter ...
Laser Cooling to the Zero-Point Energy of Motion
... of great experimental and theoretical interest. ' It has been applied to high-resolution spectroscopy, low-energy collisions, quantum jumps, and photon In all cooling experiments done so far, antibunching. the oscillation frequency co, of the particle in its confining well was less than the linewidt ...
... of great experimental and theoretical interest. ' It has been applied to high-resolution spectroscopy, low-energy collisions, quantum jumps, and photon In all cooling experiments done so far, antibunching. the oscillation frequency co, of the particle in its confining well was less than the linewidt ...
Laser pumping
Laser pumping is the act of energy transfer from an external source into the gain medium of a laser. The energy is absorbed in the medium, producing excited states in its atoms. When the number of particles in one excited state exceeds the number of particles in the ground state or a less-excited state, population inversion is achieved. In this condition, the mechanism of stimulated emission can take place and the medium can act as a laser or an optical amplifier. The pump power must be higher than the lasing threshold of the laser.The pump energy is usually provided in the form of light or electric current, but more exotic sources have been used, such as chemical or nuclear reactions.