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THE HR DIAGRAM
THE HR DIAGRAM

... leaving a very dense core of carbon. The outer layers drift off to become what is called a planetary nebula, which is a ring of burning hydrogen that looks like a smoke ring. The dense core is called a white dwarf. It is white because it is very hot, but a dwarf because it has a very small radius. I ...
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... • You can notice that the angular distance is proportional to semimajor axis of the planet. Does this always imply that planets far from the host star are easier to detect? What other limit is there in real observations? • Consider the Jupiter-Sun system. Assuming an astrometric precision of 100 µas ...
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... 3C 273 is clearly a very luminous object indeed. Its light output corresponds to 1014 times that of the Sun. Most quasars do not radiate substantially in the radio part of the electromagnetic spectrum, and are called radio quiet quasars. A small fraction, of which 3C 273 is a member, do, however. Th ...
The Life of a Star
The Life of a Star

... a red super giant. After this stage things become more violent. Instead of gentle billowing gas shells being ejected into space (a planetary nebula) the red super giant tears itself apart in an unbelievably violent explosion called a supernova. As the radiation and debris clear, a neutron star emerg ...
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... Shows the relationship between a star’s surface temperature and absolute magnitude Used to study the lives of stars Most stars lie along the main sequence portion of the diagram ...
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... 1. How far across is our galaxy, the Milky Way? 2. How can one locate the center of our galaxy as we orbit the sun and the sun orbits the galaxy? 3. Is our solar system moving away from the center of our galaxy? 4. How many years does it take the sun to orbit the center of the galaxy? 5. The Milky W ...
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Star Life Cycle
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... Galaxies had so many shapes that Hubble found that three types were not enough. He had to further break down these three according to a slight variation in shape between each type of galaxy in each category. For the "E" or 5)_________________galaxies, he used the amount of flattening or 6)__________ ...
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... A neutron star is an imploded core of an exploded star made up almost entirely of neutrons. A teaspoon of their material would weigh more than all of automobiles in the U.S. together The most massive stars become supernovae and die as: ______________________ BLACK HOLE A black hole is an extremely m ...
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Astronomical spectroscopy



Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, which radiates from stars and other hot celestial objects. Spectroscopy can be used to derive many properties of distant stars and galaxies, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance, luminosity, and relative motion using Doppler shift measurements.
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