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New Simple Square-Rooting Circuits Based on Translinear Current Conveyors Chuachai Netbut Montree Kumngern
New Simple Square-Rooting Circuits Based on Translinear Current Conveyors Chuachai Netbut Montree Kumngern

... Two new square-rooting circuits based on second-generation current-controlled current conveyors (CCCIIs) are presented. The first square-rooting circuit consists of two CCCIIs, one current-controlled resistor and two grounded resistors. The input signal of the first circuit is a voltage, and output ...
AD669 数据手册DataSheet 下载
AD669 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... THD+N is a measure of the magnitude and distribution of linearity error, differential linearity error, quantization error and noise. The distribution of these errors may be different, depending upon the amplitude of the output signal. Therefore, to be the most useful, THD+N should be specified for b ...
Dynamic Voltage Scaling for Commercial FPGAs
Dynamic Voltage Scaling for Commercial FPGAs

... gaining importance for embedded appliances since it is able to combine high performance with low cost and short design time. However, reconfigurable architectures have much higher parasitic capacitance compared with an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit). As a result, FPGAs can consume co ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... ALU is getting smaller and more complex nowadays to enable the development of a more powerful but smaller computer. However there are a few limiting factors that slow down the development of smaller and more complex IC chip and they are IC fabrication technology, designer productivity and design cos ...
AD590 数据手册DataSheet 下载
AD590 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ...
Breadboard and Circuit Diagram Basics
Breadboard and Circuit Diagram Basics

... the divide to the bottom) has the same current going through it (components placed in the same column are going to be connected in series). Each row across the breadboard is not connected and does not have the same current running through it. To place components in the breadboard just requires placi ...
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)

... overcome the drawbacks of both static and ratioed circuits by using clock pull-up transistor rather than PMOS that is always ON. This significantly reduces the area. We can study the operation of dynamic circuits in two modes i.e. pre-charge mode and evaluation mode. During pre-charge mode the clock ...
The Synthesis of Robust Polynomial Arithmetic with Stochastic Logic∗
The Synthesis of Robust Polynomial Arithmetic with Stochastic Logic∗

... that are called for. This abstraction is firmly entrenched yet costly: variability, uncertainty, noise – all must be compensated for through ever more complex design and manufacturing. As technology continues to scale, with mounting concerns over noise and uncertainty in signal values, the cost of t ...
Circuit Families Definition
Circuit Families Definition

... Two circuits are equivalent if they have the same inputs and output the same value on every input assignment A circuit is minimal if no smaller circuit is equivalent to it A circuit family is minimal if every its member is minimal The size complexity of a circuit family C is the function f on positi ...
LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A Monolithic Sample-and-Hold Circuits LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A
LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A Monolithic Sample-and-Hold Circuits LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A

... cap, for instance, may “sag back” up to 0.2% after a quick change in voltage. A long sample time is required before the circuit can be put back into the hold mode with this type of capacitor. Dielectrics with very low hysteresis are polystyrene, polypropylene, and Teflon. Other types such as mica an ...
LESSON 8 Parallel and Series Circuits
LESSON 8 Parallel and Series Circuits

... 1. Series and Parallel Circuits Activity: Refer to overhead #1 as you explain to students the differences between simple, series, and parallel circuits. Share that most households are wired in parallel circuits so that more than one appliance can be used at a time. If the circuit to one appliance is ...
multisim
multisim

... A combinational circuit consists of logic gates whose outputs at any time are determined from the present combination of inputs. A combinational circuit performs an operation that can be specified logically by a set of Boolean functions. A combinational circuit comprises of input variables, logic ga ...
CIRCUIT FUNCTION AND BENEFITS
CIRCUIT FUNCTION AND BENEFITS

... high accuracy instrumentation amplifier that requires only one external resistor, RG, across pins 1 and 8 to set gain between 1 and 10,000. ...
NEC-403 - ABES Engineering College
NEC-403 - ABES Engineering College

... - due to unknown causes, occur when all systematic error has accounted - accumulation of small effect, require at high degree of accuracy - can be avoid by (a) increasing number of reading (b) use statistical means to obtain best approximation of true value ...
Flip flops
Flip flops

... Flip flops (FF) are sequential logic circuits with 2 distinct stable states. They have control inputs that cause the outputs to switch from one stable state to the other. They are circuits with memory, because one can deduce the last applied command by analyzing the outputs. Because they are the bas ...
High Voltage 12 V - 400 V DC Current Sense
High Voltage 12 V - 400 V DC Current Sense

... INA138 is used in this design because of its ability to output a current as illustrated in Figure 3 Schematic. The voltage drop over the shunt resistor generates a higher voltage on the plus input of the internal Opamp than on the minus input. The Opamp will then start to rise its output voltage and ...
Multiple-Valued Regenerative CMOS Logic Circuits With High
Multiple-Valued Regenerative CMOS Logic Circuits With High

... In the given equations k is ratio of transconductanse of input MOS transistors and MOS transistors in feedback loop. Vtn is threshold voltage of MOS transistors. Dynamic characteristics depend on parameters of the circuit in the same way as for simple standard MV CMOS circuits with high-impedance ou ...
LCDF3_Chap_03_P1
LCDF3_Chap_03_P1

... • Logic Levels – the signal value ranges for 1 and 0 on the inputs and 1 and 0 on the outputs (see Figure 1-1) • Noise Margin – the maximum external noise voltage superimposed on a normal input value that will not cause an undesirable change in the circuit output • Cost for a gate - a measure of the ...
GSK-24 Logic Probe Kit The purpose of a logic probe is to examine
GSK-24 Logic Probe Kit The purpose of a logic probe is to examine

... operation and you want to see what happens when you change settings hold the probe in place while you make the changes. Be careful not to short out components on the board under test. The indicators will tell you if you are in the immunity band (no signal.) A HIGH level will bring on the RED LED and ...
LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A Monolithic Sample-and-Hold Circuits LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A
LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A Monolithic Sample-and-Hold Circuits LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A

... cap, for instance, may “sag back” up to 0.2% after a quick change in voltage. A long sample time is required before the circuit can be put back into the hold mode with this type of capacitor. Dielectrics with very low hysteresis are polystyrene, polypropylene, and Teflon. Other types such as mica an ...
LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A Monolithic Sample-and
LF198/LF298/LF398, LF198A/LF398A Monolithic Sample-and

... cap, for instance, may “sag back” up to 0.2% after a quick change in voltage. A long sample time is required before the circuit can be put back into the hold mode with this type of capacitor. Dielectrics with very low hysteresis are polystyrene, polypropylene, and Teflon. Other types such as mica an ...
Resistor-Transistor Logic
Resistor-Transistor Logic

... right. In this circuit, each transistor has its own separate input resistor, so each is controlled by a different input signal. However, the only way the output can be pulled down to logic 0 is if both transistors are turned on by logic 1 inputs. If either input is a logic 0 that transistor cannot c ...
D/A Converter
D/A Converter

... High speed DACs are defined as operating at greater than 1 millisecond per sample (1MHz). Some state of the art 12-16 bit DAC can reach speeds of 1GHz The conversion of the digital input signal is limited by the clock speed of the input signal and the settling time of the DAC. ...
ISL71590SEH Datasheet
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... plenty of room for variations in the power supply voltage. It is electrically durable since it can withstand a forward operating voltage of 33V over the full temperature range with and without ion beam radiation and a reverse voltage of -40V. The ISL71590SEH should be used in any temperature sensing ...
Process Engineer - Micron Technology, Inc.
Process Engineer - Micron Technology, Inc.

... smaller, yet they need more and more memory. Therefore, the memory chips need to be smaller. The smaller the die, the smaller or shorter the circuitry. This means the electrical charges can travel faster from one point to the next. Therefore, shrinking the die can also increase its speed. ...
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Soft error

In electronics and computing, a soft error is a type of error where a signal or datum is wrong. Errors may be caused by a defect, usually understood either to be a mistake in design or construction, or a broken component. A soft error is also a signal or datum which is wrong, but is not assumed to imply such a mistake or breakage. After observing a soft error, there is no implication that the system is any less reliable than before. In the spacecraft industry this kind of error is called a single-event upset. In a computer's memory system, a soft error changes an instruction in a program or a data value. Soft errors typically can be remedied by cold booting the computer. A soft error will not damage a system's hardware; the only damage is to the data that is being processed.There are two types of soft errors, chip-level soft error and system-level soft error. Chip-level soft errors occur when the radioactive atoms in the chip's material decay and release alpha particles into the chip. Because an alpha particle contains a positive charge and kinetic energy, the particle can hit a memory cell and cause the cell to change state to a different value. The atomic reaction is so tiny that it does not damage the actual structure of the chip. System-level soft errors occur when the data being processed is hit with a noise phenomenon, typically when the data is on a data bus. The computer tries to interpret the noise as a data bit, which can cause errors in addressing or processing program code. The bad data bit can even be saved in memory and cause problems at a later time.If detected, a soft error may be corrected by rewriting correct data in place of erroneous data. Highly reliable systems use error correction to correct soft errors on the fly. However, in many systems, it may be impossible to determine the correct data, or even to discover that an error is present at all. In addition, before the correction can occur, the system may have crashed, in which case the recovery procedure must include a reboot. Soft errors involve changes to data—​the electrons in a storage circuit, for example—​but not changes to the physical circuit itself, the atoms. If the data is rewritten, the circuit will work perfectly again. Soft errors can occur on transmission lines, in digital logic, analog circuits, magnetic storage, and elsewhere, but are most commonly known in semiconductor storage.
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