1. What different types of attention exist? Name and describe at least
... 1. What different types of attention exist? Name and describe at least four types of attention. Exogenous or bottom-up attention: type of attention associated with sensory stimuli “popping out” of the background withouth cognitive input, e.g., a flash of light in the darkness, a loud sound in quietn ...
... 1. What different types of attention exist? Name and describe at least four types of attention. Exogenous or bottom-up attention: type of attention associated with sensory stimuli “popping out” of the background withouth cognitive input, e.g., a flash of light in the darkness, a loud sound in quietn ...
Studying the impact on vision of silencing cells - Find a team
... reversibly manipulate the excitability of specific RGC subtypes (e.g. switch them on and off) during visual tasks, in behaving animals. Therefore, presenting the same visual stimulus, when cells from a given population are either active or inactive will not only help identify and characterize these ...
... reversibly manipulate the excitability of specific RGC subtypes (e.g. switch them on and off) during visual tasks, in behaving animals. Therefore, presenting the same visual stimulus, when cells from a given population are either active or inactive will not only help identify and characterize these ...
Posterior Parietal Cortex: Space…and Beyond
... This fits in well with recent neurophysiological studies in the frontal lobe, such as those by Jonathan Wallis in Earl Miller’s laboratory at MIT (Wallis et al., 2001; Miller et al., 2003). In their studies, monkeys were trained to perform a picture-matching task in which they switched between two “ ...
... This fits in well with recent neurophysiological studies in the frontal lobe, such as those by Jonathan Wallis in Earl Miller’s laboratory at MIT (Wallis et al., 2001; Miller et al., 2003). In their studies, monkeys were trained to perform a picture-matching task in which they switched between two “ ...
Finding a face in the crowd: parallel and serial neural mechanisms
... to synchronize their activity, reaching maximal synchronization when a stimulus with that feature falls within their RF (e.g., when the animal is searching for red, the neurons prefer red, and a red stimulus falls within the RF). The results described so far show that neurons gave enhanced responses ...
... to synchronize their activity, reaching maximal synchronization when a stimulus with that feature falls within their RF (e.g., when the animal is searching for red, the neurons prefer red, and a red stimulus falls within the RF). The results described so far show that neurons gave enhanced responses ...
CVI
... tube and is feed by j-tube (into his intestines) for about 20 hours a day. He struggles with chronic vomiting and Richard has been in and out of the hospital for them frequently. At home the family continues to pump his stomach, by a big suction machine, several times a day for about 30 minutes. Dev ...
... tube and is feed by j-tube (into his intestines) for about 20 hours a day. He struggles with chronic vomiting and Richard has been in and out of the hospital for them frequently. At home the family continues to pump his stomach, by a big suction machine, several times a day for about 30 minutes. Dev ...
Anatomy of the Human Eye
... • In the dark, resting potential of the photoreceptor is - 40 mv. • Light shining onto outer segment leads to the hyperpolarization of the photoreceptor and reduction of neurotransmitter released. • In the dark the number of Ca++ channels open at the synaptic terminal is high, and rate of neurotrans ...
... • In the dark, resting potential of the photoreceptor is - 40 mv. • Light shining onto outer segment leads to the hyperpolarization of the photoreceptor and reduction of neurotransmitter released. • In the dark the number of Ca++ channels open at the synaptic terminal is high, and rate of neurotrans ...
Lecture notes
... There must be higher-order auditory neurons in humans that are selective for the temporal modulations critical to speech, but also tolerant to pitch. ...
... There must be higher-order auditory neurons in humans that are selective for the temporal modulations critical to speech, but also tolerant to pitch. ...
Chapter One: Neurological Bases for Visual Communication
... Overall, about one in 10 people has some form of visual anomaly, so unless you’re designing for an extremely small, well-known audience (almost never), you need to take visual differences into account. Don’t just rely on one feature (color, shape, or contrast) to communicate important information in ...
... Overall, about one in 10 people has some form of visual anomaly, so unless you’re designing for an extremely small, well-known audience (almost never), you need to take visual differences into account. Don’t just rely on one feature (color, shape, or contrast) to communicate important information in ...
Visual Processing - Baby Watch Early Intervention
... • They are able to talk about what and how they see in a way that young children with brain injury can’t. • Brain injury to young children may affect the visual brain in similar ways. • But in the very young child, brain plasticity may help the visual brain rewire to some degree around the lesions. ...
... • They are able to talk about what and how they see in a way that young children with brain injury can’t. • Brain injury to young children may affect the visual brain in similar ways. • But in the very young child, brain plasticity may help the visual brain rewire to some degree around the lesions. ...
Striate cortex April 2009
... center of the visual field, corresponding to the fovea of the retina, a very large number of neurons process information from a small region of the visual field. If the same stimulus is seen in the periphery of the visual field (i.e. away from the center), it would be processed by a much smaller num ...
... center of the visual field, corresponding to the fovea of the retina, a very large number of neurons process information from a small region of the visual field. If the same stimulus is seen in the periphery of the visual field (i.e. away from the center), it would be processed by a much smaller num ...
Visual Coding and the Retinal Receptors
... • The receptive field refers to the part of the visual field that either excites or inhibits a cell in the visual system of the brain. • For a receptor, the receptive field is the point in space from which light strikes it. • For other visual cells, receptive fields are derived from the visual field ...
... • The receptive field refers to the part of the visual field that either excites or inhibits a cell in the visual system of the brain. • For a receptor, the receptive field is the point in space from which light strikes it. • For other visual cells, receptive fields are derived from the visual field ...
COLOUR VISION Newton`s Prism Experiments: a white light beam
... auditory information must be from the same source – which should be in the same location ...
... auditory information must be from the same source – which should be in the same location ...
Autobiography for 2016 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience Carla J. Shatz
... mouse genetics, optogenetics and the ability to observe and to make direct manipulations of neural activity, it is heartwarming to see how these early observations made so long ago have not only gained acceptance but have facilitated marvelous discoveries we never could have imagined. The idea that ...
... mouse genetics, optogenetics and the ability to observe and to make direct manipulations of neural activity, it is heartwarming to see how these early observations made so long ago have not only gained acceptance but have facilitated marvelous discoveries we never could have imagined. The idea that ...
Sparse coding in the primate cortex
... Component features of effective stimuli, as judged by the experimenters, are then presented singly or in combination. By assessing the cell’s firing rate during presentation of each simplified stimulus, the protocol attempts to find the simplest feature combination that maximally excites the cell. T ...
... Component features of effective stimuli, as judged by the experimenters, are then presented singly or in combination. By assessing the cell’s firing rate during presentation of each simplified stimulus, the protocol attempts to find the simplest feature combination that maximally excites the cell. T ...
P312 Ch05_PerceivingObjectsII
... Precisely locate the FFA in each person. Used an approach called the Region-of-Interest approach to identify exactly where the FFA was in each participant. Presented pictures of faces and noted the specific area of the brain in and around the FFA that was activated. Presented trials in which observe ...
... Precisely locate the FFA in each person. Used an approach called the Region-of-Interest approach to identify exactly where the FFA was in each participant. Presented pictures of faces and noted the specific area of the brain in and around the FFA that was activated. Presented trials in which observe ...
Decoding the Contents of Visual Short
... At the beginning of each trial, two of the four the four runs. sample stimuli were presented consecutively (Fig. 1 A). Each was shown for 0.8 s followed by in which sample stimuli appeared and which of the two items was cued. a 0.2 s fixation period. This was followed by the presentation of a retroT ...
... At the beginning of each trial, two of the four the four runs. sample stimuli were presented consecutively (Fig. 1 A). Each was shown for 0.8 s followed by in which sample stimuli appeared and which of the two items was cued. a 0.2 s fixation period. This was followed by the presentation of a retroT ...
E.2 - Perception of Stimuli
... Many rod cells feed into one retinal ganglion. This means that many impulse converge to form a single signal which is sent to the brain. There is no distinction between stimuli which hit different sections of the same receptive field. Some ganglia are stimulated by impulses sent from rod cells from ...
... Many rod cells feed into one retinal ganglion. This means that many impulse converge to form a single signal which is sent to the brain. There is no distinction between stimuli which hit different sections of the same receptive field. Some ganglia are stimulated by impulses sent from rod cells from ...
3. Explain the basic thrust of signal-detection theory. 5. Discuss the
... The processing of visual information begins within the receiving area of a retinal cell called the field. Stimulation of the receptive field of a cell causes signals to be sent inward towards the brain and sideways, or , to nearby cells, thus allowing them to interact with one another. The most basi ...
... The processing of visual information begins within the receiving area of a retinal cell called the field. Stimulation of the receptive field of a cell causes signals to be sent inward towards the brain and sideways, or , to nearby cells, thus allowing them to interact with one another. The most basi ...
Visual7
... surface of the retina) gather together and exit at the optic disk, where they become myelinated and form the optic nerve (actually, the 2nd cranial nerve, but since the CNS, officially a tract). Optic nerves from both eyes converge at optic chiasm: partial cross-over. Images in the nasal hemiretina ...
... surface of the retina) gather together and exit at the optic disk, where they become myelinated and form the optic nerve (actually, the 2nd cranial nerve, but since the CNS, officially a tract). Optic nerves from both eyes converge at optic chiasm: partial cross-over. Images in the nasal hemiretina ...
Why light
... Registration refers to the fact that the projections of activity in layers 3 and 4 are at the same place in their respective layers, even though the stimulation is from different eyes. That is, the activity generated by stimulus A is at the same end of both LGN layers. The activity generated by stim ...
... Registration refers to the fact that the projections of activity in layers 3 and 4 are at the same place in their respective layers, even though the stimulation is from different eyes. That is, the activity generated by stimulus A is at the same end of both LGN layers. The activity generated by stim ...
The neural mechanisms of top- down attentional control
... for localization of neural activity, which this technique provides, with neuroimaging methods that selectively extract components of hemodynamic activity15 correlated with distinct aspects of complex-task performance. Here we used event-related fMRI methods to determine which brain regions were invo ...
... for localization of neural activity, which this technique provides, with neuroimaging methods that selectively extract components of hemodynamic activity15 correlated with distinct aspects of complex-task performance. Here we used event-related fMRI methods to determine which brain regions were invo ...
Sensory modalities are not separate modalities: plasticity and
... only baseline (V-V), a preceding sound and a following sound (A-V-V-A), two sounds inserted between the two visual signals (V-A-A-V), one sound preceding the two visual signals (A-V-V), and one sound following the two visual signals (V-V-A). During the task, two LEDs were switched on with asynchrony ...
... only baseline (V-V), a preceding sound and a following sound (A-V-V-A), two sounds inserted between the two visual signals (V-A-A-V), one sound preceding the two visual signals (A-V-V), and one sound following the two visual signals (V-V-A). During the task, two LEDs were switched on with asynchrony ...
Chapter 1
... from the visual cortex into the temporal lobes – Ventral stream = what of visual processing ...
... from the visual cortex into the temporal lobes – Ventral stream = what of visual processing ...
lgn - cinpla
... Visual cortex is responsible for processing visual information in the cerebral cortex. Each neuron responds to stimuli in its receptive field, which is a part of the entire visual field. Peak response is achieved for a specific subset of stimuli, for instance vertical bars or more complex processes. ...
... Visual cortex is responsible for processing visual information in the cerebral cortex. Each neuron responds to stimuli in its receptive field, which is a part of the entire visual field. Peak response is achieved for a specific subset of stimuli, for instance vertical bars or more complex processes. ...