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Imbalanced Decision Hierarchy in Addicts Emerging from Drug
... hierarchy in the ventro-dorsal direction. At the same time, being guided by more abstract levels significantly accelerates learning, alleviating the high-dimensionality of value learning at detailed levels [16]. In this paper we show that the interaction between a modified version of the model devel ...
... hierarchy in the ventro-dorsal direction. At the same time, being guided by more abstract levels significantly accelerates learning, alleviating the high-dimensionality of value learning at detailed levels [16]. In this paper we show that the interaction between a modified version of the model devel ...
Abnormal gray matter aging in chronic pain patients
... (Bergfield et al., 2009; Blinkov and Glezer, 1968; Good et al., 2001; McGinnis et al., 2011; Morrison and Hof, 2007; Sowell et al., 2003), although hypertrophy has also been reported in some brain areas (Fjell et al., 2009; Salat et al., 2004). GM changes in the brain also occur with dysfunction, in ...
... (Bergfield et al., 2009; Blinkov and Glezer, 1968; Good et al., 2001; McGinnis et al., 2011; Morrison and Hof, 2007; Sowell et al., 2003), although hypertrophy has also been reported in some brain areas (Fjell et al., 2009; Salat et al., 2004). GM changes in the brain also occur with dysfunction, in ...
Neural activity predicts attitude change in cognitive dissonance
... Participants in the dissonance group were also instructed on how to respond to the stimuli. They were then told that a patient had been scheduled to be scanned after them and was to perform a similar task in the scanner. This patient, the participants were told, was now in the scanner control room, ...
... Participants in the dissonance group were also instructed on how to respond to the stimuli. They were then told that a patient had been scheduled to be scanned after them and was to perform a similar task in the scanner. This patient, the participants were told, was now in the scanner control room, ...
Auditory memory function in expert chess players
... the activation in the DMN network decreases. Also, compared with novice players (who know the rules and simple strategies of playing chess), Grandmaster/Masters (GM/Ms) have considerably better problem solving abilities. These findings demonstrate the effect of long-term training and experience in t ...
... the activation in the DMN network decreases. Also, compared with novice players (who know the rules and simple strategies of playing chess), Grandmaster/Masters (GM/Ms) have considerably better problem solving abilities. These findings demonstrate the effect of long-term training and experience in t ...
Sleep imaging and the neuro- psychological assessment of dreams
... Box 1. Methodological issues in dream sampling and dream evaluation Like other domains in the study of consciousness, dream research relies critically on phenomena that are known only via introspection, and not accessible to direct observation. The dreamer alone is witness to his dream. However, the ...
... Box 1. Methodological issues in dream sampling and dream evaluation Like other domains in the study of consciousness, dream research relies critically on phenomena that are known only via introspection, and not accessible to direct observation. The dreamer alone is witness to his dream. However, the ...
here - Aerotoxic Association
... 3 OPIDN types are produced by organophosphorus compounds and characterized by central-peripheral distal axonopathy. Type II differs from Type I in terms of the susceptibility of rodents and the presence of neuropathological lesions in neuronal cell bodies.20 Type III OPIDN is not accompanied by inhi ...
... 3 OPIDN types are produced by organophosphorus compounds and characterized by central-peripheral distal axonopathy. Type II differs from Type I in terms of the susceptibility of rodents and the presence of neuropathological lesions in neuronal cell bodies.20 Type III OPIDN is not accompanied by inhi ...
Cognitive Ability is Associated with Altered
... Although the total number of reversal errors is similar between the 2 genotypes, the types of errors differ significantly. There is a modest but significant decrease in the number of perseverative errors made by LgDel mice: 94.4 ± 11.51 for LgDel versus 149.7 ± 24.63 for WT, F1,20 = 4.54, P = 0.045. I ...
... Although the total number of reversal errors is similar between the 2 genotypes, the types of errors differ significantly. There is a modest but significant decrease in the number of perseverative errors made by LgDel mice: 94.4 ± 11.51 for LgDel versus 149.7 ± 24.63 for WT, F1,20 = 4.54, P = 0.045. I ...
Saliency, switching, attention and control
... most widely used methods for studying structural and functional brain connectivity, respectively, in vivo. Postmortem methods of studying structural brain connectivity have yielded some knowledge; however, human brain samples required for such studies are often difficult to obtain. Furthermore, post ...
... most widely used methods for studying structural and functional brain connectivity, respectively, in vivo. Postmortem methods of studying structural brain connectivity have yielded some knowledge; however, human brain samples required for such studies are often difficult to obtain. Furthermore, post ...
Sports concussion management in the South African environment
... good compliance in the face of a failure to clinically improve may be a poor prognostic sign. ...
... good compliance in the face of a failure to clinically improve may be a poor prognostic sign. ...
Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of
... the hippocampal function, leading to a gradual decline (39, 40). At this stage, elimination of sensory input from the masticatory organ may accelerate the senile process in the hippocampus. As the hippocampus is one of the target brain regions of stress hormone corticosteroids regulating its negativ ...
... the hippocampal function, leading to a gradual decline (39, 40). At this stage, elimination of sensory input from the masticatory organ may accelerate the senile process in the hippocampus. As the hippocampus is one of the target brain regions of stress hormone corticosteroids regulating its negativ ...
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... Neurolinguistic research has been engaged in evaluating models of language using measures from brain structure and function, and/or in investigating brain structure and function with respect to language representation using proposed models of language. While the aphasiological strategy, which classi ...
... Neurolinguistic research has been engaged in evaluating models of language using measures from brain structure and function, and/or in investigating brain structure and function with respect to language representation using proposed models of language. While the aphasiological strategy, which classi ...
A phase I trial of deep brain stimulation of memory
... reversed over the long term by drugs that have symptomatic effects or by manipulating levels of deleterious proteins or any by other means is largely unknown. Advances in neurosurgical techniques and the introduction of deep brain stimulation have made possible the modulation of the activity of seve ...
... reversed over the long term by drugs that have symptomatic effects or by manipulating levels of deleterious proteins or any by other means is largely unknown. Advances in neurosurgical techniques and the introduction of deep brain stimulation have made possible the modulation of the activity of seve ...
NEURAL CONNECTIONS: Some You Use, Some You Lose
... size of blood vessels. Synapse counters must take account of and adjust for all these factors. They have to make reasoned assumptions to compensate for possible sampling errors, because there is no way they can count all the synapses in even one brain area. Scientists differ in how they choose to ad ...
... size of blood vessels. Synapse counters must take account of and adjust for all these factors. They have to make reasoned assumptions to compensate for possible sampling errors, because there is no way they can count all the synapses in even one brain area. Scientists differ in how they choose to ad ...
Matching mind to world and vice versa: Functional dissociations
... Across all experimental conditions, each trial (Figure 1) began with a fixation cross which was followed by the presentation of single sentence for 3500 ms that introduced a scenario concerning the belief/desire of a protagonist X with reference to a particular event. This scenario phase was followe ...
... Across all experimental conditions, each trial (Figure 1) began with a fixation cross which was followed by the presentation of single sentence for 3500 ms that introduced a scenario concerning the belief/desire of a protagonist X with reference to a particular event. This scenario phase was followe ...
alzheimer-like changes of protein kinase b and glycogen synthase
... performed in an experimental model probably related to the sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, e.g., rats showing a neuronal IR deficit subsequent to intracerebroventricular (icv) treatment with streptozotocin (STZ). In this study, Western blot analysis performed 1 month after STZicv treatment showed an i ...
... performed in an experimental model probably related to the sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, e.g., rats showing a neuronal IR deficit subsequent to intracerebroventricular (icv) treatment with streptozotocin (STZ). In this study, Western blot analysis performed 1 month after STZicv treatment showed an i ...
Seizure Disorder PowerPoint.2014-02-04
... After the seizure • Reassure and comfort the child. • Reorient to surroundings. If the seizure progresses to a secondarily generalized seizure (partial seizures that spread throughout the brain to become a generalized), implement the response for ...
... After the seizure • Reassure and comfort the child. • Reorient to surroundings. If the seizure progresses to a secondarily generalized seizure (partial seizures that spread throughout the brain to become a generalized), implement the response for ...
Planning and problem solving: from neuropsychology to
... 1979), or as crucial for the “planning of future actions” (for review, see Shallice, 1988). Until recently, however, the assumed relationship between cognitive planning and the frontal lobes lacked solid empirical support, and was based largely on anecdotal reports of disorganized behaviour in patie ...
... 1979), or as crucial for the “planning of future actions” (for review, see Shallice, 1988). Until recently, however, the assumed relationship between cognitive planning and the frontal lobes lacked solid empirical support, and was based largely on anecdotal reports of disorganized behaviour in patie ...
Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Auditory Image
... of neural activity. Thus, these methods are invaluable tools for localizing cognitive functions, and their application to issues of auditory imagery is described below. The temporal properties of neural responses in cognitive tasks are best captured by direct measures of the neural activity. The ele ...
... of neural activity. Thus, these methods are invaluable tools for localizing cognitive functions, and their application to issues of auditory imagery is described below. The temporal properties of neural responses in cognitive tasks are best captured by direct measures of the neural activity. The ele ...
Monoaminergic dysfunction in recreational users of
... Striatal DAT binding ratios measured with SPECT for whole striatum and putamen and caudate nucleus separately were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. PhMRI data was analyzed by calculating the effect of challenge through paired t-testing between baseline and post-challenge scans for both groups s ...
... Striatal DAT binding ratios measured with SPECT for whole striatum and putamen and caudate nucleus separately were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. PhMRI data was analyzed by calculating the effect of challenge through paired t-testing between baseline and post-challenge scans for both groups s ...
Gut Microbiota: A Modulator of Brain Plasticity and Cognitive
... impact of a gut completely absent of microbiota on behaviour. The foetal gut is sterile in-utero and maintaining these animals in a sterile environment after birth means that post-natal gut colonization does not occur. It further allows for the comparison of findings against control animals with a “ ...
... impact of a gut completely absent of microbiota on behaviour. The foetal gut is sterile in-utero and maintaining these animals in a sterile environment after birth means that post-natal gut colonization does not occur. It further allows for the comparison of findings against control animals with a “ ...
What is a Brain State
... states are either. It is this that Polger1 argues against. Polger develops his argument that we (currently) don’t know how to individuate brain states in the context of trying to offer an account of why some identities seem contingent (but aren’t) that differs from the account Kripke gives in Naming ...
... states are either. It is this that Polger1 argues against. Polger develops his argument that we (currently) don’t know how to individuate brain states in the context of trying to offer an account of why some identities seem contingent (but aren’t) that differs from the account Kripke gives in Naming ...
FREE Sample Here
... 5.You, as the caregiver, do ultimately affect a child’s neurological growth through activities and interactions with the child. ANS: T 6.The gestation period for a human being is actually not long enough because other species can walk soon after birth takes place. ANS: T 7.Newborns never sleep more ...
... 5.You, as the caregiver, do ultimately affect a child’s neurological growth through activities and interactions with the child. ANS: T 6.The gestation period for a human being is actually not long enough because other species can walk soon after birth takes place. ANS: T 7.Newborns never sleep more ...
The Non-Visual Detection of Staring
... Automated procedures, described below, potentially enable anyone to take part in this research. Independent tests by people who are not committed to belief or disbelief in non-visual staring detection seem more likely to lead to an evidence-based consensus. ...
... Automated procedures, described below, potentially enable anyone to take part in this research. Independent tests by people who are not committed to belief or disbelief in non-visual staring detection seem more likely to lead to an evidence-based consensus. ...
Altered Fronto-Striatal and Fronto-Cerebellar Circuits in Heroin
... Background: The formation of compulsive pattern of drug use is related to abnormal regional neural activity and functional reorganization in the heroin addicts’ brain, but the relationship between heroin-use-induced disrupted local neural activity and its functional organization pattern in resting-s ...
... Background: The formation of compulsive pattern of drug use is related to abnormal regional neural activity and functional reorganization in the heroin addicts’ brain, but the relationship between heroin-use-induced disrupted local neural activity and its functional organization pattern in resting-s ...
Characterizing cognition in ADHD: beyond executive dysfunction
... whereas hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms will be found to reflect ‘hot’ EF deficits. This gives rise to the possibility that some individuals with ADHD will manifest primarily ‘hot’ EF dysfunction, whereas others will show mainly ‘cool’ EF deficits and others will have both types. For example, ris ...
... whereas hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms will be found to reflect ‘hot’ EF deficits. This gives rise to the possibility that some individuals with ADHD will manifest primarily ‘hot’ EF dysfunction, whereas others will show mainly ‘cool’ EF deficits and others will have both types. For example, ris ...