a CMOS Complete DDS AD9831
... Signal to (Noise + Distortion) is measured signal to noise at the output of the DAC. The signal is the rms magnitude of the fundamental. Noise is the rms sum of all the nonfundamental signals up to half the sampling frequency (fMCLK/2) but excluding the dc component. Signal to (Noise + Distortion) i ...
... Signal to (Noise + Distortion) is measured signal to noise at the output of the DAC. The signal is the rms magnitude of the fundamental. Noise is the rms sum of all the nonfundamental signals up to half the sampling frequency (fMCLK/2) but excluding the dc component. Signal to (Noise + Distortion) i ...
4-20mA TO 0-20mA CONVERTER AND CURRENT SUMMING
... I1 = 4-20mA input current I2 = 100µA REF200 offsetting current Two equations can be written: one for IOUT = 0mA with IIN = 4mA and one for IOUT = 20mA with IIN = 20mA. Since there are three unknowns (R1, R2, and R3) and only two equations, one resistor value must be selected first. A value of 100Ω w ...
... I1 = 4-20mA input current I2 = 100µA REF200 offsetting current Two equations can be written: one for IOUT = 0mA with IIN = 4mA and one for IOUT = 20mA with IIN = 20mA. Since there are three unknowns (R1, R2, and R3) and only two equations, one resistor value must be selected first. A value of 100Ω w ...
HMC745LC3 数据资料DataSheet下载
... designed to support data transmission rates of up to 13 Gbps, and clock frequencies as high as 13 GHz. The HMC745LC3 also features an output level control pin, VR, which allows for loss compensation or for signal level optimization. All input and output signals to the HMC745LC3 are terminated with 5 ...
... designed to support data transmission rates of up to 13 Gbps, and clock frequencies as high as 13 GHz. The HMC745LC3 also features an output level control pin, VR, which allows for loss compensation or for signal level optimization. All input and output signals to the HMC745LC3 are terminated with 5 ...
Good Dynamics Processing RaneNote 141
... seems to be 100 us to 1ms for the attack time. Slower than 1 ms and the clipped peaks become wide enough to be quite audible. To avoid second-order effects, the fast attack transfer function must have “gentle transitions” known commonly as “soft knees.” All this means is that as the change is made ...
... seems to be 100 us to 1ms for the attack time. Slower than 1 ms and the clipped peaks become wide enough to be quite audible. To avoid second-order effects, the fast attack transfer function must have “gentle transitions” known commonly as “soft knees.” All this means is that as the change is made ...
Frequency Response And Passive Filters
... in which A is the carrier amplitude which we will set at 1 V, μ is the modulation index which we choose as 0.3, cos(ωmt)is the modulating waveform which represents a high-frequency (5 kHz) vibration, and cos(ωct) is the carrier waveform that results from engine rotation. For an engine speed of 6000 ...
... in which A is the carrier amplitude which we will set at 1 V, μ is the modulation index which we choose as 0.3, cos(ωmt)is the modulating waveform which represents a high-frequency (5 kHz) vibration, and cos(ωct) is the carrier waveform that results from engine rotation. For an engine speed of 6000 ...
1 Servo System using a Armature Controlled DC Servo Motor
... The constructed DC servo system is represented by the block diagrams shown in Fig. 4. We assume that potentiometers both reference and built-in the DC motor are connected to the supply voltage of ±6 V as shown in the schematic diagram. Another important assumption is that the angle is measured in te ...
... The constructed DC servo system is represented by the block diagrams shown in Fig. 4. We assume that potentiometers both reference and built-in the DC motor are connected to the supply voltage of ±6 V as shown in the schematic diagram. Another important assumption is that the angle is measured in te ...
Pulse-Width Modulated CMOS Power Amplifiers
... saturated output power of the PA, resulting in lower average efficiency. A plot of the efficiency characteristic of a linear PA operating in a Class-B mode accompanied by the envelope probability density function (pdf) of an IEEE 802.11a [1] symbol is shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that, alth ...
... saturated output power of the PA, resulting in lower average efficiency. A plot of the efficiency characteristic of a linear PA operating in a Class-B mode accompanied by the envelope probability density function (pdf) of an IEEE 802.11a [1] symbol is shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that, alth ...
LTC1286/LTC1298 - Micropower Sampling 12
... Note 8: The supply voltage range for the LTC1286 is from 4.5V to 9V, but the supply voltage range for the LTC1298 is only from 4.5V to 5.5V. Note 9: Recommended operating conditions Note 10: Channel leakage current is measured after the channel selection. ...
... Note 8: The supply voltage range for the LTC1286 is from 4.5V to 9V, but the supply voltage range for the LTC1298 is only from 4.5V to 5.5V. Note 9: Recommended operating conditions Note 10: Channel leakage current is measured after the channel selection. ...
LT6010 - 135µA, 14nV/rtHz, Rail-to-Rail Output Precision Op Amp with Shutdown
... dissipating components. Air currents across the board can also generate temperature differentials. The extremely low input bias currents (20pA typical) allow high accuracy to be maintained with high impedance sources and feedback resistors. The LT6010 low input bias currents are obtained by a cancel ...
... dissipating components. Air currents across the board can also generate temperature differentials. The extremely low input bias currents (20pA typical) allow high accuracy to be maintained with high impedance sources and feedback resistors. The LT6010 low input bias currents are obtained by a cancel ...
MAX11646/MAX11647 Low-Power, 1-/2-Channel, I C, 10-Bit ADCs in Ultra-Tiny 1.9mm x 2.2mm Package
... Low-Power, 1-/2-Channel, I2C, 10-Bit ADCs in Ultra-Tiny 1.9mm x 2.2mm Package The MAX11646/MAX11647 low-power, 10-bit, 1-/2channel analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) feature internal track/hold (T/H), voltage reference, a clock, and an I 2 C-compatible 2-wire serial interface. These devices operate ...
... Low-Power, 1-/2-Channel, I2C, 10-Bit ADCs in Ultra-Tiny 1.9mm x 2.2mm Package The MAX11646/MAX11647 low-power, 10-bit, 1-/2channel analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) feature internal track/hold (T/H), voltage reference, a clock, and an I 2 C-compatible 2-wire serial interface. These devices operate ...
Application of Rayleigh probability density function in
... Due to the fact that the total area of fz(z) which is the sum of probabilities equals to 1. The bigger the peak value of fz(z) gets, the earlier fz(z) goes to zero, and the earlier Fz(z) goes to 1. Fz(z) is also quite significant as it provides us with the probability values of any desired voltage l ...
... Due to the fact that the total area of fz(z) which is the sum of probabilities equals to 1. The bigger the peak value of fz(z) gets, the earlier fz(z) goes to zero, and the earlier Fz(z) goes to 1. Fz(z) is also quite significant as it provides us with the probability values of any desired voltage l ...
LT1711/LT1712 - Single/Dual 4.5ns, 3V/5V/±5V, Rail-to-Rail Comparators
... differential input stage, the LT1711/LT1712 bias current flows into or out of the device depending upon the common mode level. The input circuit consists of an NPN pair and a PNP pair. For inputs near the negative rail, the NPN pair is inactive, and the input bias current flows out of the device; fo ...
... differential input stage, the LT1711/LT1712 bias current flows into or out of the device depending upon the common mode level. The input circuit consists of an NPN pair and a PNP pair. For inputs near the negative rail, the NPN pair is inactive, and the input bias current flows out of the device; fo ...
HMC690 数据资料DataSheet下载
... designed for SONET OC-192 / SDH STM-64, 10GbE and 10Gbps systems employing optical amplifiers. It supports data rates up to 11.3 Gbps. This amplifier provides a differential output voltage that is proportional to an applied current at its input port. This current is typically provided by a photodiod ...
... designed for SONET OC-192 / SDH STM-64, 10GbE and 10Gbps systems employing optical amplifiers. It supports data rates up to 11.3 Gbps. This amplifier provides a differential output voltage that is proportional to an applied current at its input port. This current is typically provided by a photodiod ...
Analog-to-digital converter
An analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, or A to D) is a device that converts a continuous physical quantity (usually voltage) to a digital number that represents the quantity's amplitude.The conversion involves quantization of the input, so it necessarily introduces a small amount of error. Furthermore, instead of continuously performing the conversion, an ADC does the conversion periodically, sampling the input. The result is a sequence of digital values that have been converted from a continuous-time and continuous-amplitude analog signal to a discrete-time and discrete-amplitude digital signal.An ADC is defined by its bandwidth (the range of frequencies it can measure) and its signal to noise ratio (how accurately it can measure a signal relative to the noise it introduces). The actual bandwidth of an ADC is characterized primarily by its sampling rate, and to a lesser extent by how it handles errors such as aliasing. The dynamic range of an ADC is influenced by many factors, including the resolution (the number of output levels it can quantize a signal to), linearity and accuracy (how well the quantization levels match the true analog signal) and jitter (small timing errors that introduce additional noise). The dynamic range of an ADC is often summarized in terms of its effective number of bits (ENOB), the number of bits of each measure it returns that are on average not noise. An ideal ADC has an ENOB equal to its resolution. ADCs are chosen to match the bandwidth and required signal to noise ratio of the signal to be quantized. If an ADC operates at a sampling rate greater than twice the bandwidth of the signal, then perfect reconstruction is possible given an ideal ADC and neglecting quantization error. The presence of quantization error limits the dynamic range of even an ideal ADC, however, if the dynamic range of the ADC exceeds that of the input signal, its effects may be neglected resulting in an essentially perfect digital representation of the input signal.An ADC may also provide an isolated measurement such as an electronic device that converts an input analog voltage or current to a digital number proportional to the magnitude of the voltage or current. However, some non-electronic or only partially electronic devices, such as rotary encoders, can also be considered ADCs. The digital output may use different coding schemes. Typically the digital output will be a two's complement binary number that is proportional to the input, but there are other possibilities. An encoder, for example, might output a Gray code.The inverse operation is performed by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).