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The Data-Link Layer: Access Networks and Lans (Abridged Version)
The Data-Link Layer: Access Networks and Lans (Abridged Version)

...  errors caused by signal attenuation, noise.  receiver detects presence of errors: • signals sender for retransmission or drops frame ...


... There has been significant work on routing in MANETs [3][4]. AODV is an on-demand driven protocol which finds routes between a source destination pair only when it is required. Traditional AODV extensively uses blind flooding for forwarding the RREQ packets from source to all other nodes in the netw ...
Brocade CNA in Virtualized Environments
Brocade CNA in Virtualized Environments

... the server edge. Combining Ethernet NICs and Fibre Channel (FC) HBAs in a single adapter, as well as separate top-of-rack Ethernet and Fibre Channel switches in a single access layer switch, means that administrators need to consider the Ethernet and storage networking aspects of their server deploy ...
Guide to TCP/IP, Second Edition
Guide to TCP/IP, Second Edition

... • When WAN protocols, such as SLIP or PPP, come into play, it’s possible to use analog phone lines; digital technologies that include ISDN, DSL, or T-carrier connections; or switched technologies, such as X.25, frame relay, or ATM, to establish links that can carry IP and other datagrams from a send ...
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... If working, the server is working, so is IP If not, server could be down, or others ...
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... ISA Server 2004 is available in two versions: standard edition and enterprise edition. ...
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... The 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614 v6 with 4-port switch connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem. The WGR614 v6 router provides you with multiple Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and in ...
Weak Duplicate Address Detection in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Weak Duplicate Address Detection in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

... This scenario could potentially be dealt with by the application software (i.e., by the service client) or the service discovery mechanism. Paper consider an approach at the network layer to address this problem. The state at nodes A and E is inconsistent. To avoid the above situation, if any layer ...
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... Mobility, better packet forwarding, support for Real Time Multimedia and QoS, and support for Multicast and Any cast Traffic. The major challenge for deployment of IPv6 systems is the migration from IPv4 based systems[1]. The cost associated with the migration for equipment as well as operational do ...
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... A Dynamic IP Address is assigned automatically by the DHCP Server of the network. This IP Address can be setup to expire requiring the Host to get a new IP Address from the DHCP server. This method is used in both Public and Private networks. A Static IP Address is assigned by the Network Administra ...
Multimedia Networking
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... geographically distributed sites (CDN)  enter deep: push CDN servers deep into many access networks of Internet Service Providers • deploy server clusters in access ISPs over the world. • close to the users – less number of links and routers – improved user perceived delay • used by Akamai, 1700 lo ...
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... Protocols are implemented and removed in much the same way that drivers are added and removed. Essential protocols are installed automatically at the same time the initial operating system is installed on the computer. To install protocols such as NWLink after the initial installation, the network ...
Windows Server 2008 R2 Overview Part 2 Technical
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... Teredo provides IPv4 NAT traversal capabilities by tunneling IPv6 inside of IPv4 using UDP Teredo provides IPv6 connectivity when behind an Internet IPv4 NAT device Is designed to be a universal method for NAT traversal for most types of NAT use ...
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... NFS design principle Network Protocol Independence: NFS has the ability to run on multiple transport protocols instead of being restricted to just one. This means new protocol in the future will not be a problem for NFS. ...
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... The data link layer (e.g. MAC) address is used to make this determination A table of MAC addresses and corresponding ports is built using incoming frames Each LAN segment (port) becomes its own collision domain Only 2 hosts on the same LAN segment can have frame collisions ...
Application Layer Functionality and Protocols
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...  Developed in the early 1970’s – among the oldest of the application layer protocols and services in the TCP/IP protocol suite.  Allows users to emulate text-based terminal devices over the network using software.  A connection is known as a ‘virtual terminal (vty)’ session.  Can be run from the ...
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... A+ Guide to Software: Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting, Third Edition ...
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... TCP/IP gives you the ability to send some bytes from one machine to another. As far as TCP/IP is concerned, it’s all just bytes. This is like a phone call; the phone network transports audio messages, but doesn’t try to make any sense of what’s being said in the audio The application layer “makes se ...
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... – Policy – at inter-AS level, some choices may be impractical, even though they are cheapest – Scale – size of single AS is controllable, total number of AS on the Internet is not… – Performance – ”raw” performance more important on the intra-AS level ...
TCP/IP - Austin Community College
TCP/IP - Austin Community College

... • Computers send frames to destinations that are not on their segment to the router (default gateway) • The router must determine which subnet should receive the frame – The router references its routing table CCNA Guide to Cisco Networking Fundamentals, Fourth Edition ...
MQ3624532158
MQ3624532158

... The term MANET stands for Mobile Ad-hoc Network. This new networking concept defines simple mechanisms, which enable mobile devices to form a temporary community without any planned installation, or human intervention. The idea is to form a totally improvised network that does not require any pre-es ...
Principles of Electronic Communication Systems
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... configurations: client-server or peer-to-peer.  In the client-server type, one of the computers in the network, the server, essentially runs the LAN and determines how the system operates.  The server manages printing operations of a central printer and controls access to a very large hard drive o ...
Week_Seven_Network_ppt
Week_Seven_Network_ppt

... IS-IS is a routing protocol designed to move information efficiently within a computer network, a group of physically connected computers or similar devices. It accomplishes this by determining the best route for datagrams through a packet-switched network. The protocol was defined in ISO/IEC 10589: ...
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AppleTalk

AppleTalk is a proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh computers. AppleTalk included a number of features that allowed local area networks to be connected with no prior setup or the need for a centralized router or server of any sort. Connected AppleTalk-equipped systems automatically assigned addresses, updated the distributed namespace, and configured any required inter-networking routing. It was a plug-n-play system.AppleTalk was first released in 1985, and was the primary protocol used by Apple devices through the 1980s and 90s. Versions were also released for the IBM PC and compatibles, and the Apple IIGS. AppleTalk support was also available in most networked printers (especially laser printers), some file servers and a number of routers.The rise of TCP/IP during the 1990s led to a re-implementation of most of these types of support on that protocol, and AppleTalk became unsupported as of the release of Mac OS X v10.6 in 2009. Many of AppleTalk's more advanced auto-configuration features have since been introduced in Bonjour, while Universal Plug and Play serves similar needs.
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