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1-Introduction :
1-Introduction :

... The Time-to-Live (TTL) is an 8-bit binary value that indicates the remaining "life" of the packet. The TTL value is decreased by at least one each time the packet is processed by a router (that is, each hop). When the value becomes zero, the router discards or drops the packet and it is removed from ...
Computer Networking From LANs to WANs: Hardware, Software
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... • Describe the format of a serial data transmission • List the differences between SLIP and PPP • Explain the operation of the Logical Link Control sublayer • Discuss the role of NetBEUI, NetBIOS, and NetBIOS over TCP/IP in a Windows network ...
ppt
ppt

... OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)  “open”: publicly available ...
CCNA 1 v5.1 Practice Final Exam Answers 2016 100% PDF
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... provides a high level of redundancy. Which physical topology requires that every node is attached to every other node on the network? o bus o hierarchical o mesh o ring o star 16. What type of communication rule would best describe CSMA/CD? o access method o flow control o message encapsulation o me ...
Web Server Administration
Web Server Administration

... Performance Reduction  Each time a datagram transitions between the private network and the Internet, an address translation is required. In addition, other work must be done as well, such as recalculating header checksums. Each individual translation takes little effort but when you add it up, you ...
Network Routing - Yale University
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...  can change ISP without changing addresses of devices in local network  can change addresses of devices in local network without notifying outside world ...
Adventures in Computer Security - Applied Crypto Group at Stanford
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... Only allow packets from known hosts Check for reverse path • Block packets from IP addr X at the firewall if there is no reverse connection going out to addr X ...
Broadband-Hamnet formerly HSMM-Mesh
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... Any mesh node within wireless range automatically joins the existing mesh and exchanges available routes with all others. If one mesh node has Internet access or contains a NTP (network time protocol) server, all mesh nodes will get a correct date/time in their display As signals grow stronger and f ...
ppt
ppt

... frame contains A-to-B IP datagram A’s data link layer sends frame R’s data link layer receives frame R removes IP datagram from Ethernet frame, sees its destined to B R uses ARP to get B’s physical layer address R creates frame containing A-to-B IP datagram sends to B ...
Introduction to IPv6
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... IP Network Addressing Classful IP addressing Techniques to reduce address shortage in IPv4 Features of IPv6 ...
TCP - WordPress.com
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... O.S. and indicates that it will accept an incoming connection – Active open - application program at other end contacts its O.S. and requests a connection ...
presentation source
presentation source

... • Oracle Database of network equipment, linked to property control, phone etc. • Much of network info gleaned automatically and entered into dB: – connectivity from router ARP tables, from bridge/switch CAM tables, from CDP • gives MAC level addresses etc • create “model” of router/switch/hub & host ...
slides
slides

...  store, forward Ethernet frames  examine incoming frame’s MAC address, selectively forward frame to one-or-more outgoing links when frame is to be forwarded on segment, uses CSMA/CD to access segment transparent  hosts are unaware of presence of switches plug-and-play, self-learning  switches do ...
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... network, transport, and application. The first four layers provide physical standards, network interface, internetworking, and transport functions that correspond to the first four layers of the OSI model. The three topmost layers in the OSI model, however, are represented in TCP/IP by a single laye ...
Internet Protocols - NYU Computer Science Department
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... acknowledgment to return depends on traffic in the internet as well as the distance to the destination. Because it allows multiple application programs to communicate with multiple destinations concurrently, TCP must handle a variety of delays that can change rapidly. How does TCP handle this ..... ...
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Ethernet - Faculty - Genesee Community College
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... demand for high-speed LANs due to the introduction of fiber optics. Ethernet ...
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)
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... which different parts of a program run simultaneously on two or more processors that are part of the same computer [1], [2]. While both types of processing require that a program be segmented—divided into sections that can run at the same time, distributed computing also requires that the division o ...
18.	Distributed	Denial	of	Service	(DDoS)  ENEE	757	|	CMSC	818V Today’s	Lecture
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... –  DoS by sending junk packets –  Hide aQacker locaCon by spoofing IP addresses –  Use a botnet to conduct Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) –  Take advantage of protocols that reflect and amplify traffic (e.g. DNS, NTP) ...
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... What can you do with VPNs? The benefits of using a VPN include: Security – All traffic in and out of the router is encrypted (except when using GRE) ensuring the integrity of your network. Common network – the devices can be placed in the same subnet meaning that they can be more easily administere ...
IP address
IP address

... the server, there are various different methods that can be used. Among these methods are serial cables, modems and existing networks. For a long time, the most common network connection method was Telnet, a standard protocol for connecting two different computers. With Telnet, you can connect to th ...
Elements of Socket Programming in Java
Elements of Socket Programming in Java

... www.yahoo.com or www.google.com, which are easier to remember. Internet supports name servers that translate these names to IP addresses. V. TCP/IP SOCKET PROGRAMMING A socket is an endpoint of a two-way communication link between two programs running on the network. A server program creates a speci ...
Chapter 02 - Communicating Over The Network
Chapter 02 - Communicating Over The Network

... When a user is connected to a Gnutella service, the client applications will search for other Gnutella nodes to connect to. These nodes handle queries for resource locations and replies to those requests. They also govern control messages, which help the service discover other nodes. The actual file ...
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AppleTalk

AppleTalk is a proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh computers. AppleTalk included a number of features that allowed local area networks to be connected with no prior setup or the need for a centralized router or server of any sort. Connected AppleTalk-equipped systems automatically assigned addresses, updated the distributed namespace, and configured any required inter-networking routing. It was a plug-n-play system.AppleTalk was first released in 1985, and was the primary protocol used by Apple devices through the 1980s and 90s. Versions were also released for the IBM PC and compatibles, and the Apple IIGS. AppleTalk support was also available in most networked printers (especially laser printers), some file servers and a number of routers.The rise of TCP/IP during the 1990s led to a re-implementation of most of these types of support on that protocol, and AppleTalk became unsupported as of the release of Mac OS X v10.6 in 2009. Many of AppleTalk's more advanced auto-configuration features have since been introduced in Bonjour, while Universal Plug and Play serves similar needs.
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