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... Reality is a bit more complicated How do we know where to call to? All parties need to be registered with SIP servers Which server to register with? Multicast to all known SIP proxies “sip.mcast.net” (224.0.1.75) ...
Chapter XI & XII Slides
Chapter XI & XII Slides

... • SIP is a single protocol whereas H.323 is a suite of protocols as FTP is a single protocol within the TCP/IP protocol suite • SIP is designed to set up connections between multimedia ...
DS35676681
DS35676681

... send and receive packets from other nodes through a wireless link as there is no dedicated fixed link between wireless nodes. They can communicate each other directly or with the help of a node which is acting a router between wireless nodes. There is no pre-existing infrastructure or dedicated base ...
IP Forwarding
IP Forwarding

... We know that one router, the default router, is connected to the rest of the Internet. But there is some missing information. We do not know if network 130.4.8.0 is directly connected to router R2 or through a point-to-point network (WAN) and another router. We do not know if network140.6.12.64 is c ...


... 1. Short for Domain Name System (or Service or Server), an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses. 2. A DNS query may be either a recursive query or a non-recursive query: A non-recursive query is one in which the DNS server provides a record for a domain for which it is aut ...
Performance Evaluation of Black hole Attack in MANET and
Performance Evaluation of Black hole Attack in MANET and

... already have a route, it broadcasts a route request (RREQ) packet across the network. Nodes receiving this packet update their information for the source node and set up backwards pointers to the source node in the route tables. In addition to the source node's IP address, current sequence number, a ...
Q and A slides
Q and A slides

... Q: What I found interesting was the fact that commercial routers exist that allow for connection of more than two physical networks but these aren't often used because it restricts data flow and redundancy. I would have thought that a single router would have been the better option. A: You must have ...
Week_Ten_Network
Week_Ten_Network

... PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is a protocol for communication between two computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to a server. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a PPP connection so that the provider's server can respond ...
ppt - Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science
ppt - Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science

... Elastic apps that need reliability: remote login or email Inelastic, loss-tolerant apps: real-time voice or video Others in between, or with stronger requirements Biggest cause of delay variation: reliable delivery – Today’s net: ~100ms RTT – Reliable delivery can add seconds. ...
DHCP and NAT
DHCP and NAT

...  can change ISP without changing addresses of devices in local network  devices inside local net not explicitly addressable, visible by outside world (a security plus).  widespread use  Private IP addresses: ...
hosts
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... The Internet Circa 1993 In 1993, the Internet was one backbone (NSFNET) that connected 13 sites via 45 Mbs T3 links. – Merit (Univ of Mich), NCSA (Illinois), Cornell Theory Center, ...
Chapter 1: Foundation
Chapter 1: Foundation

... /* main loop: get and send lines of text */ ...
Chapter_5_Sec4 - Department of Computer Science
Chapter_5_Sec4 - Department of Computer Science

...  store, forward Ethernet frames  examine incoming frame’s MAC address, selectively forward frame to one-or-more outgoing links when frame is to be forwarded on segment, uses CSMA/CD to access segment transparent  hosts are unaware of presence of switches plug-and-play, self-learning  switches do ...
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... Design a priority scheduling protocol RAS to provide efficient communications for UWASNs Design a protocol conformance testing tool RealProct with real sensor nodes for correct protocol implementation Propose a protocol diagnosis method MDiag to diagnose the deployed WSNs efficiently without intrusi ...
Internetworking for the Beginner
Internetworking for the Beginner

... and devices are on this ring. It is used for Token Ring or FOOl networks. An advantage of ring topology is that in the case of cabl'e failure, the data pacjetswill automatically bypass the problem station. A disadvantage is it is difficult "to manage the cabling. Star topology is designed with a cen ...
Unit 2 Lesson 3
Unit 2 Lesson 3

... configurations, is currently the most frequently configured LAN network architecture. A bus is a common pathway (usually copper wire or fiber cable) between multiple devices such as computers. A bus is often used as a backbone between devices. It is a technology that has been evolving for more than ...
Networking Chapter 17
Networking Chapter 17

... – 802.11b/g/n connections use a variety of devices – Laptops sold today have antenna embedded inside Figure 17-16 Four different types of wireless network adapters: (a) wireless NIC that fits in a PCI slot; (b) onboard wireless with an antenna that can be moved; (c) PC Card wireless NIC with embedde ...
View File - UET Taxila
View File - UET Taxila

... MAC Layer There are differences between the MAC in WMNs and other wireless networks: MAC for WMNs is concerned with more than one-hop communication. MAC is distributed, needs to be collaborative, and works for multipoint-to-multipoint communication. Network self-organization is needed for better co ...
Chapter 3 Data Link Layer
Chapter 3 Data Link Layer

... Wi-fi uses CSMA/CA (collision avoidance): when the medium is clear, host sends signal to say it is about to use the medium. It then sends. ...
COS 420 day 3
COS 420 day 3

... Large prefix, small suffix means many possible networks, but each is limited in size Large suffix, small prefix means each network can be large, but there can only be a few networks ...
download
download

... – It is possible for a single packet to block all other packets because its destination port is busy (even if the other packets could be delivered). ...
Introduction to networking
Introduction to networking

... Dynamic routing allow routers to learn about remote networks fro mother routers and update their own routing tables with new information Dynamic routing is necessary to allow networks to update and adapt quickly to changes The success depends on the maintenance of a routing table and timely distribu ...
The Network Layer
The Network Layer

... Architectural model of IP where each IP is identified by a single machine Internet from connection-less to connection-oriented NAT violates the most fundamental rule of protocol layering Processes on the Internet are not required to use TCP or UDP Some application insert IP address in their body – ( ...
Token Ring Cards - Personal.psu.edu
Token Ring Cards - Personal.psu.edu

... goes through adds a small amount of time Between any two nodes on the network there can only be a maximum of 5 segments, connected through 4 repeaters/concentrators In addition, only 3 of the segments may be populated (trunk) segments if they are made of coaxial cable ...
The Internet Network layer
The Internet Network layer

... – If metric increases, delay propagating information – In our example, A and B delay changing and advertising new ...
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AppleTalk

AppleTalk is a proprietary suite of networking protocols developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh computers. AppleTalk included a number of features that allowed local area networks to be connected with no prior setup or the need for a centralized router or server of any sort. Connected AppleTalk-equipped systems automatically assigned addresses, updated the distributed namespace, and configured any required inter-networking routing. It was a plug-n-play system.AppleTalk was first released in 1985, and was the primary protocol used by Apple devices through the 1980s and 90s. Versions were also released for the IBM PC and compatibles, and the Apple IIGS. AppleTalk support was also available in most networked printers (especially laser printers), some file servers and a number of routers.The rise of TCP/IP during the 1990s led to a re-implementation of most of these types of support on that protocol, and AppleTalk became unsupported as of the release of Mac OS X v10.6 in 2009. Many of AppleTalk's more advanced auto-configuration features have since been introduced in Bonjour, while Universal Plug and Play serves similar needs.
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