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INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY Name
INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY Name

... A volt is the unit to measure voltage or potential difference. Voltage is defined as the change in energy that occurs when charge moves from one place to another in a circuit. The unit for energy is the JOULE (J). It follows from the above definition that voltage can be found using the relationship: ...
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... Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) Kirchhoff’s current law (or Kirchhoff’s current rule) results from the conservation of charge. It applies to a junction or node in a circuit (a point in the circuit where charge has several possible paths to travel). In the figure, we see that i1 is the only current flo ...
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... 1. Create a “flashlight” using one battery, a switch, and a light bulb. Using a dry erase marker, draw arrows on the board that show the direction of the current everywhere in the circuit. Copy a picture of your circuit and the arrows below. ...
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Opto-isolator



In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. Opto-isolators prevent high voltages from affecting the system receiving the signal. Commercially available opto-isolators withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV and voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs.A common type of opto-isolator consists of an LED and a phototransistor in the same opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer digital (on-off) signals, but some techniques allow them to be used with analog signals.
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