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BINARY TREES AND HEAPS IN JAVA
BINARY TREES AND HEAPS IN JAVA

... We can do this in O(log n) time, using a binary heap, by following this algorithm: (1) Add the element on the bottom level of the heap. (2) Compare the added element with its parent; if they are in the correct order, stop. (3) If not, swap the element with its parent and return to the previous step. ...
Chapter 24 Implementing Lists, Stacks, Queues, and Priority
Chapter 24 Implementing Lists, Stacks, Queues, and Priority

... created, its size cannot be changed. Nevertheless, you can still use array to implement dynamic data structures. The trick is to create a new larger array to replace the current array if the current array cannot hold new elements in the list. Initially, an array, say data of Object[] type, is create ...
Document
Document

Design Patterns for Self-Balancing Trees
Design Patterns for Self-Balancing Trees

... (SBTs) such as B-trees guarantee a O(logN) efficiency for these computations. Current textbooks on this subject (see for example [2]) discuss them in terms of complicated, low-level pseudo-code. The abstract nature of the data structures and the algorithms that manipulate them is lost in a sea of de ...
Queues 2
Queues 2

Lecture7PL
Lecture7PL

Chapter 2: Advanced Data Structures
Chapter 2: Advanced Data Structures

... do x.keyj+1 = x.keyj for j = 1 to t − 1 x.keyi = y.keyt do z.keyj = y.keyj+t x.n = x.n + 1 if not y.leaf DISK-WRITE(y) then for j = 1 to t DISK-WRITE(z) do z.cj = y.cj+t y.n = t − 1 DISK-WRITE(x) ...
Design Patterns for Self-Balancing Trees
Design Patterns for Self-Balancing Trees

... strictly on trees and not on data. They are also well defined for all trees in all possible states. To span the space of all possible structural modifications, one must fundamentally be able to modify the tree, a 2-dimensional entity, in both its width and height directions. In addition to construct ...
How to Improve the Pruning Ability of Dynamic Metric Access Methods
How to Improve the Pruning Ability of Dynamic Metric Access Methods

Chapter 24 Implementing Lists, Stacks, Queues, and Priority Queues
Chapter 24 Implementing Lists, Stacks, Queues, and Priority Queues

... created, its size cannot be changed. Nevertheless, you can still use array to implement dynamic data structures. The trick is to create a new larger array to replace the current array if the current array cannot hold new elements in the list. Initially, an array, say data of Object[] type, is create ...
Efficient Searching with Linear Constraints
Efficient Searching with Linear Constraints

The ND2DB attack: Database content extraction using timing Abstract Ariel Futoransky
The ND2DB attack: Database content extraction using timing Abstract Ariel Futoransky

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ppt

... • You can set a header node at the beginning of the list containing a value smaller than the smallest value in the data set • You can set a trailer node at the end of the list containing a value larger than the largest value in the data set Data Structures Using C++ ...
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Optimal External Memory Planar Point Enclosure
Optimal External Memory Planar Point Enclosure

... movement of one disk block between disk and main memory. These bounds are optimal in comparison-based models of computation, and they are the bounds we would like to obtain for more complicated external memory data structure problems. In the study of such problems, a number of different lower bound ...
University of Groningen An algorithm for the asynchronous Write
University of Groningen An algorithm for the asynchronous Write

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root parent child leaf node edge

...  depth are considered balanced: there is balance between the number of nodes in the left subtree and the number of nodes in the right subtree of each node. You can have binary trees that are approximately balanced, so that the depth is still     , but might have a larger constant hidd ...
Data Structure and Algorithm Analysis part 4
Data Structure and Algorithm Analysis part 4

COMP1406/1006 Tutorial 10
COMP1406/1006 Tutorial 10

... If you tried to visit each node in this linked list (using recursion or iteration) you would keep visiting the last two nodes indefinitely until your program had stack overflow error (recursion) or it you terminated the program since it was taking too long (iterative approach). Note that the toStrin ...
Chapter 19 Implementing Trees and Priority Queues
Chapter 19 Implementing Trees and Priority Queues

... An Overview of Trees: Binary Search Trees (cont.) ...
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A Representation: Fast Algorithm Optimal Kernel Design for

Binary Heap
Binary Heap

... heap. Every node has an s-value which is the distance to the nearest leaf. In contrast to a binary heap, a leftist tree attempts to be very unbalanced. In addition to the heap property, leftist trees are maintained so the right descendant of each node has the lower s-value. The height-biased leftist ...
lab#4 Linked Lists - Data Structures CS322
lab#4 Linked Lists - Data Structures CS322

... 1. data structure . 2. Algorithms . data structure is an arrangement of data in a computer’s memory (or sometimes on a disk). Data structures include linked lists, arry , stacks, binary trees, and hash tables. Algorithms is manipulate the data in these structures in various ways, such as inserting a ...
Data Structures for Disjoint Sets
Data Structures for Disjoint Sets

AN OVERVIEW OF HIERARCHICAL SPATIAL DATA STRUCTURES
AN OVERVIEW OF HIERARCHICAL SPATIAL DATA STRUCTURES

... the eastern brother of 1. Once we visit node 4, there is no need to visit node 5 since node 4 contained A. Nevertheless, we still visit node 6 which contains point B which is closer than A, but now there is no need to visit node 7. Unwinding one. more level finds that due to the distance between P a ...
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Interval tree

In computer science, an interval tree is a tree data structure to hold intervals. Specifically, it allows one to efficiently find all intervals that overlap with any given interval or point. It is often used for windowing queries, for instance, to find all roads on a computerized map inside a rectangular viewport, or to find all visible elements inside a three-dimensional scene. A similar data structure is the segment tree.The trivial solution is to visit each interval and test whether it intersects the given point or interval, which requires O(n) time, where n is the number of intervals in the collection. Since a query may return all intervals, for example if the query is a large interval intersecting all intervals in the collection, this is asymptotically optimal; however, we can do better by considering output-sensitive algorithms, where the runtime is expressed in terms of m, the number of intervals produced by the query. Interval trees have a query time of O(log n + m) and an initial creation time of O(n log n), while limiting memory consumption to O(n). After creation, interval trees may be dynamic, allowing efficient insertion and deletion of an interval in O(log n). If the endpoints of intervals are within a small integer range (e.g., in the range [1,...,O(n)]), faster data structures exist with preprocessing time O(n) and query time O(1+m) for reporting m intervals containing a given query point.
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