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Britain`s fiscal squeeze: the choices ahead
Britain`s fiscal squeeze: the choices ahead

... 2. The fiscal consequences of the crisis 2.1 The Treasury’s assessment in Budget 2009 In assessing how big the fiscal tightening might need to be, we need first to look at the scale of the problem it is designed to address. Put simply: as a result of the crisis the Treasury has increased its estimat ...
23 June 2017 DANSKE INVEST HEDGE FIXED INCOME
23 June 2017 DANSKE INVEST HEDGE FIXED INCOME

... institution has its registered office in a third country, provided that it is subject to prudential rules considered by the competent authorities of the home state of the AIFM. 2. In respect of any OTC derivatives: (i) the counterparties to OTC derivative transactions will be institutions subject t ...
PRIVATE CAPITAL FLOWS AND THE REAL EXCHANGE RATE IN
PRIVATE CAPITAL FLOWS AND THE REAL EXCHANGE RATE IN

... other authors do not find evidence of appreciation of the real exchange due to official inflows (Yano and Nugent, 1999; Ouattara and Strobl, 2004). Several case studies such as White and Wignaraja (1992) in Sri Lanka, Younger (1992) in Ghana, and Kasekende and Atingi-Ego (1999) in Uganda find that ...
ec11 - Caritas University
ec11 - Caritas University

... The realistic price effect involves a reduction in price of domestic output while the money demand effect appreciates domestic currency as the demand for money (of transaction) increases. ...
Overview of Policy Options to Sustain Medicare for the Future
Overview of Policy Options to Sustain Medicare for the Future

... I’m going to read you some changes to the Medicare program that have been discussed as ways to reduce the federal budget deficit. Please tell me whether you would generally favor or oppose each one. Strongly favor ...
The Impact of Taxes on the Extensive and Intensive Margins of FDI
The Impact of Taxes on the Extensive and Intensive Margins of FDI

... investment levels are explained by changes at the extensive margin. This suggests that many affiliates may be established roughly at their minimum operating scale, below which investment ceases to be profitable and it is therefore better not to invest at all. An implication of this is that it sugges ...
S2AV: A valuation methodology for insurance companies
S2AV: A valuation methodology for insurance companies

... the Solvency II framework and to propose a possible valuation methodology to meet the needs of potential investors with a certain perspective in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) transactions. The methodology developed also has potential wider applications in insurance company management. In the author ...
ReAssure guide to unit linked funds
ReAssure guide to unit linked funds

... the price of each unit once it has been allocated to your policy and the price on which claims are based (any exceptions to this will be detailed in your policy documents). The bid price is calculated by applying the weighted average percentage change of the relevant Base Fund unit prices comprisin ...
Slides 2
Slides 2

... the status quo case where the associated variables are exogenously set at their data averages. Thus, one could argue that in the UK, over 1990-2008, the public sector has exhausted its role, at least in terms of aggregate efficiency, as a provider of public goods and services.  Fourth, since the ab ...
The Fiscal Impact of Immigration Alex Nowrasteh Immigration Policy Analyst
The Fiscal Impact of Immigration Alex Nowrasteh Immigration Policy Analyst

... Social Security are back-loaded costs expended closer to the end of the recipient’s life span. The intertemporal structure of many government programs makes age a relevant factor in analyzing the fiscal costs of immigration, but so do other factors such as the skill level, fertility, and language ab ...
Tasmania`s Antarctic, sub-Antarctic and Southern Ocean sector
Tasmania`s Antarctic, sub-Antarctic and Southern Ocean sector

... sub-Antarctic and Southern Ocean region, as well as those businesses supplying goods and services to Antarctic organisations both locally and internationally. ...
FL BlackRock Long Term (Aquila C) IE/XE
FL BlackRock Long Term (Aquila C) IE/XE

... Price: At times, a fund may need to change the way its price is calculated to ensure that those moving into and out of the fund and exisiting unitholders/shareholders are treated fairly and are not disadvantaged by any large cashflows. Suspend trading: Fund managers have the ability, in certain circ ...
Modelling, simulation and control of macro economic systems.
Modelling, simulation and control of macro economic systems.

... The research problem to be solved in this report is therefore to assess four conceptual different macroeconomic systems, including today’s Basel-type banking system, to find advantages and disadvantages in these systems compared to each other. Advantages and disadvantages are found in terms of how d ...
CSR country annex - The European Anti
CSR country annex - The European Anti

... CSR 3: Improve the links between the education sector and the labour market, in particular by reforming apprenticeship and vocational training, with emphasis on the low skilled. By the end of 2016, take action to reform the unemployment benefit system in order to bring the system back to budgetary s ...
Case Objectives - Trinity University
Case Objectives - Trinity University

... valuable even if their intrinsic values are negative. The reason is the time value component equal to the difference between total value and intrinsic value. Time value tends to decrease as options approach expiration dates. The farther away the expiration date, the more time the option has to event ...
Government spending multipliers in contraction and expansion
Government spending multipliers in contraction and expansion

... balances? The answer to these questions depends among other things on how large the fiscal multiplier is. This question already figured prominently in the debates between Keynesians and Monetarists in the 1960s. With the renaissance of New Classical economics in the 1970s and 80s the role of fiscal ...
An Empirical Study of Taiwan Bond Market Based on Nonlinear
An Empirical Study of Taiwan Bond Market Based on Nonlinear

... support the expectation theory. They held that the negligence of the time-vary premium in the regression formula accounted for the failure to forecast the future interest rate through the spread. Mankiw and Miron (1986) and Hardouvelis (1988) held that the change of the expected short-term interest ...
vsi10 roc Ma  13241606 en
vsi10 roc Ma 13241606 en

... housing rent. The Chinese rural household surveys suggest that imputed rent is implausibly low, at merely five US dollars a person per annum. 3 Since the imputed rent is both income and consumption for households, it does not affect the amount of their saving but the proportion they save from their ...
Public Debt sustainability
Public Debt sustainability

... should not pay off its debt with more debt indefinitely, on the other it is only natural that the private sector cannot go into debt against the government indefinitely either. This justifies the imposition of a constraint (3) with an equal sign, in which case ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research

... extremely complicated details of international tax law. At one extreme, one could assume that the United States is so large that it determines all relevant market and tax conditions; this assumption essentially reduces to the prior closed economy case. By contrast, if the United States participates ...
Domestic Macroeconomic Policies and Private
Domestic Macroeconomic Policies and Private

... growth rate of at least 7 – 8 percent per year (NEEDS, 2004). A fairly large and growing literature has developed around attempts to explain this poor growth performance. In providing what is perhaps one of the best reviews of literature, Collier and Gunning (1999) zero in on several important facto ...
How privatization increases inequality
How privatization increases inequality

... are given probation because they need additional time to make their payment. It is important to note that these individuals are not sentenced to probation because they represent some sort of danger to the community and need supervision, but solely to ensure that they pay their financial debt. Throug ...
World of Work Report 2010
World of Work Report 2010

... are worried about larger public deficits in view of investors’ reluctance to fund these deficits. In the majority of countries analysed in the Report, fiscal policy has shifted to austerity which, if badly designed, will prolong the job crisis. A second, more fundamental factor is that the root caus ...
A.1. Reflecting on new developmentalism and classical
A.1. Reflecting on new developmentalism and classical

... republican in that it is strong enough to protect the public patrimony from the rent seeking of individuals and groups. Historically, as we will see, the first forms of developmental state are not social or progressive but conservative, not democratic, but authoritarian. As I argued elsewhere, capit ...
Can VARs describe monetary policy?
Can VARs describe monetary policy?

... One unresolved question is how well simple econometric procedures, like VARs, can describe the monetary authority's response to economic conditions, and by extension, the policy shocks used to identify policy's effects on the economy. There are several reasons to be skeptical of the VAR approach. VA ...
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Pensions crisis

The pensions crisis is a predicted difficulty in paying for corporate, state, and federal pensions in the United States and Europe, due to a difference between pension obligations and the resources set aside to fund them. Shifting demographics are causing a lower ratio of workers per retiree; contributing factors include retirees living longer (increasing the relative number of retirees), and lower birth rates (decreasing the relative number of workers, especially relative to the Post-WW2 Baby Boom). There is significant debate regarding the magnitude and importance of the problem, as well as the solutions.For example, as of 2008, the estimates for the underfunding of U.S. states' pension programs range from $1 trillion using the discount rate of 8% to $3.23 trillion using U.S. Treasury bond yields as the discount rate. The present value of unfunded obligations under Social Security as of August 2010 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the program's shortfall between tax revenues and payouts over the next 75 years.Some economists question the concept of funding, and, therefore underfunding. Storing funds by governments, in the form of fiat currencies, is the functional equivalent of storing a collection of their own IOUs. They will be equally inflationary to newly written ones when they do come to be used.Reform ideas are in three primary categories: a) Addressing the worker-retiree ratio, via raising the retirement age, employment policy and immigration policy; b) Reducing obligations via shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution pension types and reducing future payment amounts (by, for example, adjusting the formula that determines the level of benefits); and c) Increasing resources to fund pensions via increasing contribution rates and raising taxes.
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