• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Economics 104B, Section 41 Instructor: Tara Sinclair
Economics 104B, Section 41 Instructor: Tara Sinclair

... a) Calculate nominal GDP for each year. Because the structure of this economy is so simple, it is easy to calculate the GDP deflator. Calculate the price deflator for each year using 1998 as the base year, with a value of 100. Then, calculate real GDP for each year. (Show your work below and fill in ...
Pension Reform and the Development of Pension
Pension Reform and the Development of Pension

... six percent. Members who do not obtain a loan (or after they repay one and have reached pension age) are allowed to use their account balances to buy a supplementary old-age pension. Until 1992, however, the nominal interest rate on virtual account balances for this purpose was zero percent. Given t ...
10 - CSUN.edu
10 - CSUN.edu

... cause both the AA and DD curves to shift such that there is no effect on output. Now consider the case where the economy is not initially at full employment. A permanent change in fiscal policy shifts the AA curve because of its effect on the long-run exchange rate and shifts the DD curve because of ...
yurika murasawa
yurika murasawa

... altered during the World Wars I and II, it has been afflicted by a civil war between 1936-39. But after the change to democracy and the swift modernization in the economy, Spain’s economic growth has started to increase. Now, Spain is able to maintain a GDP per capita of $29,400 which is significant ...
5 priedas Liabilities of public corporations
5 priedas Liabilities of public corporations

... Of which by controlling sub-sector Central Government ...
1 INFORMATION ABOUT LIABILITIES OF PUBLIC CORPORATIONS
1 INFORMATION ABOUT LIABILITIES OF PUBLIC CORPORATIONS

... According to the 2nd Business Accounts Standard “Balance sheet” the liabilities are defined as a commitment which arises from transactions carried out and other events, which will be carried out and the amount can be measured. The aggregates include only corporations reporting liabilities higher tha ...
Unit 5 Practice MC Questions
Unit 5 Practice MC Questions

... governmental policies. . . . But these are cyclical imbalances of the sort that have occurred for decades and will keep recurring from time to time. Source: Kiplinger’s Personal Finance Magazine, November 1998. ...
ECON 2105H
ECON 2105H

... 11 of Landsburg to explain why you should be indifferent between these two options for financing your automobile purchase. With each option, you end up with the same thing next year. If you borrow the money to buy the car, you must pay back $10,500 next year. But you will keep your $10,000 in your s ...
Fourth Quiz with answers
Fourth Quiz with answers

... 4. When the AS curve has only a slight upward slope, in the short-run, a rightward shift of AD curve will result in: A) a small increase in aggregate output and small inflation. B) a large increase in aggregate output and large inflation. C) a small increase in aggregate output and relatively large ...
Download (PDF)
Download (PDF)

... and demographic structure in 2012 and to approximate the lifecycle behavior of Australian households, including labour supply, labour earnings and pension payments. The model is then applied to conduct policy experiments. First, using the demographic projections derived from our demographic model, ...
1 - College of Business
1 - College of Business

... What employee benefit, of the ones we have covered in class so far, do you think would be most important to you when you get your next job? Explain. ...
Economics 211 Macroeconomic Principles
Economics 211 Macroeconomic Principles

... The rapid decrease in the labor force participation rate over the past 12 years can be mostly attributed to which of the following: a. Structural unemployment—job seekers don’t have the skills employers demand. b. Demographics—baby boomers are retiring in large numbers. c. Poor labor market—discoura ...
the phillips curve quiz
the phillips curve quiz

... According to the long-run Phillips Curve, which of the following is true? A: The natural rate of unemployment is independent of monetary and fiscal policy changes that affect aggregate demand. B: Inflationary expectations play no role in the position on the Phillips Curve. C: Changes in aggregate de ...
Meet Shirley Watson EPC, FCSI - Shirley Watson Financial Solutions
Meet Shirley Watson EPC, FCSI - Shirley Watson Financial Solutions

... themselves regarding securities, taxation or exchange control legislation, which may affect them personally. Please consult an appropriate professional regarding your particular circumstances. Mutual Fund Products are processed through Equity Associates Inc a Mutual Fund Dealer. Commissions, trailin ...
Fiscal Policy
Fiscal Policy

... If left alone, this gap could be closed by a leftward shift of the AS curve, returning the economy to the potential level of output but at a higher price level, shown by point e" ...
Economics 101
Economics 101

... Now the desired expenditure is smaller. Therefore, there will be an unplanned/undesired increase in inventory. 6. B. 7. D. The balanced budget multiplier is 1. Current Y*=$3000. You need to get to Y FE=$4000. So the needed change in Y*=1000. To get this with a balanced budget policy you would both i ...
Issues in the Comparison of Welfare Between Europe and the
Issues in the Comparison of Welfare Between Europe and the

... Back-of-envelope. – Value weekday and weekend leisure of both workers and retired = 4/3 after-tax wage – Value hours switched from work to retirement = 2/3 after-tax wage ...
US RECESSION
US RECESSION

... The Us economy shrank in three quarters in the early 2000s (the 3rd quarter of 2000), the first quarter of 2001, and the third quarter of 2001. The US economy was in recession from March 2001 to November 2001, a period of eight months. ...
STRATEGY
STRATEGY

... time. As a result of the simplified nature of the information contained in this document, that information is necessarily partial and incomplete and shall not be considered as having any contractual value. This document has not been drafted in compliance with the regulatory requirements aiming at pr ...
Positioning your portfolio for rising interest rates
Positioning your portfolio for rising interest rates

... money will earn a higher rate over time. Variable annuities invest your savings in both fixed-income and stock-based accounts whose values change depending on the performance of their underlying investments. If you’re receiving retirement income from a variable annuity, market volatility could affec ...
. .
. .

... of a country‘s fiscal policy defined in terms of benefit commitments less required taxes and measures the net burdens facing current and future generations. The method involves calculating the present value of each generation’s government benefits and tax payments and subtracting one from the other ...
PPT
PPT

"Laying the Foundation for Inclusive Prosperity"
"Laying the Foundation for Inclusive Prosperity"

... Contingency Operations budget to prevent it from being used as a slush fund. After the first 5 years, our plan grows the defense budget at the rate of inflation plus 1 percent of GDP to ensure that the military remains prepared to respond to new threats around the world. ...
Econ 371: Answer Key for Problem Set 1 (Chapter 12-13)
Econ 371: Answer Key for Problem Set 1 (Chapter 12-13)

... (1 point) 25 percent debt-to-GDP ratio and 5 percent interest rate implies that the interest payment as the ratio to GDP is 0.25x0.05 = 0.0125 = 1.25 percent of GDP. If the debt-to-GDP ratio is 100 percent, then the interst payment willl become 1x0.05 = 0.05 = 5 percent of GDP. (1 point) Intuitively ...
Why a Credible Budget Strategy Will Reduce Unemployment and
Why a Credible Budget Strategy Will Reduce Unemployment and

... In the area of fiscal policy we have seen an $862 billion stimulus package and a surge in federal spending from 19.7 percent of GDP in 2007 to over 24 percent now. These interventions had little or no effect in stimulating the economy or reducing unemployment. The stimulus payments to people did no ...
< 1 ... 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 ... 371 >

Pensions crisis

The pensions crisis is a predicted difficulty in paying for corporate, state, and federal pensions in the United States and Europe, due to a difference between pension obligations and the resources set aside to fund them. Shifting demographics are causing a lower ratio of workers per retiree; contributing factors include retirees living longer (increasing the relative number of retirees), and lower birth rates (decreasing the relative number of workers, especially relative to the Post-WW2 Baby Boom). There is significant debate regarding the magnitude and importance of the problem, as well as the solutions.For example, as of 2008, the estimates for the underfunding of U.S. states' pension programs range from $1 trillion using the discount rate of 8% to $3.23 trillion using U.S. Treasury bond yields as the discount rate. The present value of unfunded obligations under Social Security as of August 2010 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the program's shortfall between tax revenues and payouts over the next 75 years.Some economists question the concept of funding, and, therefore underfunding. Storing funds by governments, in the form of fiat currencies, is the functional equivalent of storing a collection of their own IOUs. They will be equally inflationary to newly written ones when they do come to be used.Reform ideas are in three primary categories: a) Addressing the worker-retiree ratio, via raising the retirement age, employment policy and immigration policy; b) Reducing obligations via shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution pension types and reducing future payment amounts (by, for example, adjusting the formula that determines the level of benefits); and c) Increasing resources to fund pensions via increasing contribution rates and raising taxes.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report