International Seminar at Ottawa, Canada Seminar on Rapid Estimates
... For StatCan, NSO have to consider how, when and what kind of rapid estimates they can publish to support decision and policy-makers, without risks of large revisions later. This decision is very difficult to be achieved in times of economic crisis. In each period we could make different choices and ...
... For StatCan, NSO have to consider how, when and what kind of rapid estimates they can publish to support decision and policy-makers, without risks of large revisions later. This decision is very difficult to be achieved in times of economic crisis. In each period we could make different choices and ...
Final Exam Study Questions
... 5. Based on the figure, starting from point C, an increase in government spending that increases aggregate demand from AD to AD1 will lead to point ___ creating _____gap. A) D; an expansionary B) D; a recessionary C) D; no output D) B; expansionary E) B; recessionary ...
... 5. Based on the figure, starting from point C, an increase in government spending that increases aggregate demand from AD to AD1 will lead to point ___ creating _____gap. A) D; an expansionary B) D; a recessionary C) D; no output D) B; expansionary E) B; recessionary ...
chapter 14 government spending
... Transportation, natural resources, energy, and space are all areas receiving government support. These areas exhibit the characteristics of public goods, though to varying degrees. In each area, competing groups press for different levels of spending. Though the debate over the appropriate level of ...
... Transportation, natural resources, energy, and space are all areas receiving government support. These areas exhibit the characteristics of public goods, though to varying degrees. In each area, competing groups press for different levels of spending. Though the debate over the appropriate level of ...
Chapter 7
... operating at full employment is called the natural rate of unemployment. For many purposes the natural unemployment rate can be treated as constant, but it does change gradually over time, e.g., when changes in technology bring increases in structural unemployment, or when demographic changes bring ...
... operating at full employment is called the natural rate of unemployment. For many purposes the natural unemployment rate can be treated as constant, but it does change gradually over time, e.g., when changes in technology bring increases in structural unemployment, or when demographic changes bring ...
chapter 29 government spending
... Transportation, natural resources, energy, and space are all areas receiving government support. These areas exhibit the characteristics of public goods, though to varying degrees. In each area, competing groups press for different levels of spending. Though the debate over the appropriate level of ...
... Transportation, natural resources, energy, and space are all areas receiving government support. These areas exhibit the characteristics of public goods, though to varying degrees. In each area, competing groups press for different levels of spending. Though the debate over the appropriate level of ...
Fiscal Policy in Scandinavia: Dream World or Night Mare
... felt the consequences of the geographical presence of big powers such as Germany and the Soviet Union; and Central America cannot but be very much aware of the proximity to the United States of America. On the other hand, because small countries are bound to operate open economies they have develope ...
... felt the consequences of the geographical presence of big powers such as Germany and the Soviet Union; and Central America cannot but be very much aware of the proximity to the United States of America. On the other hand, because small countries are bound to operate open economies they have develope ...
the Secular Stagnation of Investment
... discount rates imply that consumption and investment move in opposite directions. The shock that triggers the ZLB episode is also a shock that reduces the real rate, and therefore encourages investment. The direct consequence is that, all else equal, it is more difficult to trigger a ZLB episode in a ...
... discount rates imply that consumption and investment move in opposite directions. The shock that triggers the ZLB episode is also a shock that reduces the real rate, and therefore encourages investment. The direct consequence is that, all else equal, it is more difficult to trigger a ZLB episode in a ...
Strengthening U.S. Competitiveness in the Global Economy
... • Many Americans have come to believe that the U.S. economy is no longer able to compete internationally and that we are the victims of unfair trade competition. In fact, the U.S. is a highly productive economy1 that became uncompetitive because the dollar moved too high. As we show in the next sec ...
... • Many Americans have come to believe that the U.S. economy is no longer able to compete internationally and that we are the victims of unfair trade competition. In fact, the U.S. is a highly productive economy1 that became uncompetitive because the dollar moved too high. As we show in the next sec ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
... began the transition to markets by implementing a number of major economic and institutional reforms aimed at attaining three different objectives: stabilization, privatization, and liberalization. The first two objectives were to be achieved immediately, while liberalization was supposed to be more ...
... began the transition to markets by implementing a number of major economic and institutional reforms aimed at attaining three different objectives: stabilization, privatization, and liberalization. The first two objectives were to be achieved immediately, while liberalization was supposed to be more ...
Practice Questions-ch28
... 8) According to real business cycle theory, workers' decisions to work now versus later depend on A) the real interest rate. B) the real wage rate today but not the real wage rate in the future. C) labor productivity. D) the money wage rate. E) none of the above. ...
... 8) According to real business cycle theory, workers' decisions to work now versus later depend on A) the real interest rate. B) the real wage rate today but not the real wage rate in the future. C) labor productivity. D) the money wage rate. E) none of the above. ...
Dumenil Neoliberalism
... however, used to designate the major crisis that hit the United States, Europe, and indirectly many other countries in the so-called “financial crisis” of 2008 and the “great recession” of 2009. Thanks to the dramatic policies conducted in support of financial institutions and the stimulation of the ...
... however, used to designate the major crisis that hit the United States, Europe, and indirectly many other countries in the so-called “financial crisis” of 2008 and the “great recession” of 2009. Thanks to the dramatic policies conducted in support of financial institutions and the stimulation of the ...
Brief answers to problems and questions for review
... exchange must come from previously accumulated foreign exchange or from current foreign exchange earnings from exports. Foreign reserves is the term used for the stock of foreign exchange that a country has accumulated. The debt/export ratio expresses the amount of current debt payments in relation ...
... exchange must come from previously accumulated foreign exchange or from current foreign exchange earnings from exports. Foreign reserves is the term used for the stock of foreign exchange that a country has accumulated. The debt/export ratio expresses the amount of current debt payments in relation ...
Summary of the White Paper on Manufacturing Industries
... of sales networks. The main competitors for Japanese companies in emerging markets are companies from China, South Korea and Taiwan, which are increasing their roles. At the same time, competition among Japanese companies is still going on while overseas companies are raising their competitiveness t ...
... of sales networks. The main competitors for Japanese companies in emerging markets are companies from China, South Korea and Taiwan, which are increasing their roles. At the same time, competition among Japanese companies is still going on while overseas companies are raising their competitiveness t ...
True or False: You Are a Retirement Savings Plan Expert
... If I work two jobs, each with its own retirement savings plan, I can contribute twice the maximum limit. False. The maximum amount you can contribute in total to 401(k), 403(b), and SARSEP plans in 2016 is $18,000, plus any catch-up contributions if you're age 50 or older. If you contribute to more ...
... If I work two jobs, each with its own retirement savings plan, I can contribute twice the maximum limit. False. The maximum amount you can contribute in total to 401(k), 403(b), and SARSEP plans in 2016 is $18,000, plus any catch-up contributions if you're age 50 or older. If you contribute to more ...
Chapter 8
... percent) decreases the quantity of planned investment demanded (from $1.2 trillion at A to $1.0 trillion at B) along investment demand curve ID in Figure 23.5(a). b) If the expected profit rate increases, the investment demand curve shifts rightward, say, from ID0 to ID1 in Figure 23.5(b) (page 184) ...
... percent) decreases the quantity of planned investment demanded (from $1.2 trillion at A to $1.0 trillion at B) along investment demand curve ID in Figure 23.5(a). b) If the expected profit rate increases, the investment demand curve shifts rightward, say, from ID0 to ID1 in Figure 23.5(b) (page 184) ...
France: historic recession, atypical unemployment
... Will the nature of the Great Recession cause an atypical unemployment dynamic? While France reported its third consecutive quarter of positive GDP growth in Q4 2009, with output up 0.6% qoq, the latest employment figures nevertheless remain glum. In January, the number of job seekers registered with ...
... Will the nature of the Great Recession cause an atypical unemployment dynamic? While France reported its third consecutive quarter of positive GDP growth in Q4 2009, with output up 0.6% qoq, the latest employment figures nevertheless remain glum. In January, the number of job seekers registered with ...
A Model of Growth of the Contemporary Indian Economy
... stagnationist tendency, and not to an increase in growth rate. How then do we explain the contemporary Indian economy? The reason why a rising share of surplus in output should cause a tendency towards stagnation in a demand-constrained economy, can be stated, following Michael Kalecki (1954), as fo ...
... stagnationist tendency, and not to an increase in growth rate. How then do we explain the contemporary Indian economy? The reason why a rising share of surplus in output should cause a tendency towards stagnation in a demand-constrained economy, can be stated, following Michael Kalecki (1954), as fo ...
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... have not been inflated by the interaction of inflation and high public debts, as so often happened in past episodes. It is well known that this interaction can distort and inflate conventional measures of fiscal deficits. The current deficit estimates basically assume zero inflation. Thus, in some s ...
... have not been inflated by the interaction of inflation and high public debts, as so often happened in past episodes. It is well known that this interaction can distort and inflate conventional measures of fiscal deficits. The current deficit estimates basically assume zero inflation. Thus, in some s ...
National Grid Company plc Annual Report and Accounts 2003/04
... licence. This revenue restriction, known as a price control, takes into account, among other factors, operating expenditure, capital expenditure and cost of capital, which for the current price control, is at a real pre-tax rate of 6.25%. In addition, pass-through is given in respect of non-domestic ...
... licence. This revenue restriction, known as a price control, takes into account, among other factors, operating expenditure, capital expenditure and cost of capital, which for the current price control, is at a real pre-tax rate of 6.25%. In addition, pass-through is given in respect of non-domestic ...
Soln Ch 14 Yld Curve
... Expectations hypothesis. The yields on long-term bonds are geometric averages of present and expected future short rates. An upward sloping curve is explained by expected future short rates being higher than the current short rate. A downward-sloping yield curve implies expected future short rates a ...
... Expectations hypothesis. The yields on long-term bonds are geometric averages of present and expected future short rates. An upward sloping curve is explained by expected future short rates being higher than the current short rate. A downward-sloping yield curve implies expected future short rates a ...
central-bank-independence-and-rules_money-and
... Factors making Fed independent: • Governors’ terms are long and staggered. • Chairman’s term overlaps President’s terms. • Reserve Bank presidents are appointed by District boards of directors. • Funding is independent of political process— most important factor. ...
... Factors making Fed independent: • Governors’ terms are long and staggered. • Chairman’s term overlaps President’s terms. • Reserve Bank presidents are appointed by District boards of directors. • Funding is independent of political process— most important factor. ...
The French Economy, European Authorities, and the IMF: “Structural
... In addition to fiscal consolidation and labor market reforms, the French pension system has recently undergone two reforms, in 2010 and 2014, that raised the retirement age, and the amount as well as the number of years of required contributions. The 2010 reform raised the retirement age by two year ...
... In addition to fiscal consolidation and labor market reforms, the French pension system has recently undergone two reforms, in 2010 and 2014, that raised the retirement age, and the amount as well as the number of years of required contributions. The 2010 reform raised the retirement age by two year ...
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... nection with sovereign debt, the problem is simpler than in other contexts (like crime). In fact, we have cases where a country has enjoyed a relatively low bor rowing cost for a long time – and then, all of a sudden and for no obvious reason, the interest rate skyrockets. One may then argue that t ...
... nection with sovereign debt, the problem is simpler than in other contexts (like crime). In fact, we have cases where a country has enjoyed a relatively low bor rowing cost for a long time – and then, all of a sudden and for no obvious reason, the interest rate skyrockets. One may then argue that t ...