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Teaching Modern Macroecsnornics at the Principles Level
Teaching Modern Macroecsnornics at the Principles Level

... B. Economic Flt~ctttations While the growth accounting formula is useful for explaining long-term growth in the economy, other factors (e.g., the short-run trade-off, expectations, and monetary policy) must be brought into play in order to explain fluctuations of real GDP around the growth trend. Fo ...
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... The real growth rate of Spanish GDP for the year 2011 was revised for a three-tenth drop as a result of the lesser contribution of foreign demand (from 2.5 to 2.3 points), and a more negative contribution of domestic demand to aggregate growth (from -1.7 to 1.9). The structure of foreign demand has ...
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... And most institutions in the business of keeping a chronology of economic cyclical activity use a similarly intuitive yet entirely mathematically imprecise definition of what a recession is. How then would one determine whether or not a business cycle dating committee (or a legislature) is appropria ...
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... non-institutionalized population was 45.020 million, the labor force was 24.065 million, and the number of people employed was 22.105 million. According to these numbers, the Italian labor-force participation rate and unemployment rate were about a. 45.1%, 8.1% b. 45.1%, 4.4% c. 53.5%, 8.1% d. 53.5% ...
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... downturn, as evidenced by a 4.2 % decline in GDP for the October-December quarter, a rate higher than last month’s estimates. The decrease in GDP results from a sharp decline in the demand for exports, down 35 % since only last month. While GDP is the sum of consumer, investment, and government spen ...
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... threatening local governments with another big drain on their budgets…. The tax appeals and reassessments present a new budget nightmare for governments. In a survey conducted by the National Association of Counties, 76 percent of large counties said that falling property tax revenue was significant ...
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Q2 2013 - Macro Economic Briefing (PDF 1,051KB)

... declines across all other sectors  Increase in PCE (+0.7) and Net Exports due to significant rise in exports (+18.2%)  Offset by falls in Government Spending (-1.3%) and Capital Formation (-3.4%)  GNP decline of -0.4% due to higher profit outflows ...
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CONSEQUENCES OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS ON THE CZECH ECONOMY

... export-oriented. For this reason, it was likely that the economic crisis would spill-over into the Czech economy throughout anticipated fall in exports. The Czech economy is one of those most closely integrated with “old” EU Member States and one of the main channels through which the global economi ...
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... Inflation implies a decrease in the purchasing power of a given level of income - e.g., after inflation, $1 buys less than it did before However, wages often increase as price do - which means that , even during inflationary times, the average purchasing power of workers may not fall - i.e., each $1 ...
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Recession

In economics, a recession is a business cycle contraction. It is a general slowdown in economic activity. Macroeconomic indicators such as GDP (gross domestic product), investment spending, capacity utilization, household income, business profits, and inflation fall, while bankruptcies and the unemployment rate rise.Recessions generally occur when there is a widespread drop in spending (an adverse demand shock). This may be triggered by various events, such as a financial crisis, an external trade shock, an adverse supply shock or the bursting of an economic bubble. Governments usually respond to recessions by adopting expansionary macroeconomic policies, such as increasing money supply, increasing government spending and decreasing taxation.
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