Grammar for reading and writing
... Each section has some mini activities within it for you to evaluate your learning and to discuss with colleagues. There are also classroom activities for you to use with your pupils. These have suggested objectives taken from the Framework and ways of working with them in class. The material is desi ...
... Each section has some mini activities within it for you to evaluate your learning and to discuss with colleagues. There are also classroom activities for you to use with your pupils. These have suggested objectives taken from the Framework and ways of working with them in class. The material is desi ...
DESIGNING SYNTACTIC REPRESENTATIONS FOR NLP: AN
... been amazing to be part of this university and this community, and I’ve been so unbelievably lucky to have the chance to come here and learn as much as I did. I hope the reader will forgive my overuse of superlatives—they are my attempt to do justice to an experience that was itself superlative. I c ...
... been amazing to be part of this university and this community, and I’ve been so unbelievably lucky to have the chance to come here and learn as much as I did. I hope the reader will forgive my overuse of superlatives—they are my attempt to do justice to an experience that was itself superlative. I c ...
Generating a type of pun
... linguistic humour is an "ideal testing ground for the points of contact between cognitive and linguistic knowledge" m95].From our research, we have found that some goodjokes can emerge fiom simple linguistic play, but that a complex system with a large knowledge base and some gmsp of logic and commo ...
... linguistic humour is an "ideal testing ground for the points of contact between cognitive and linguistic knowledge" m95].From our research, we have found that some goodjokes can emerge fiom simple linguistic play, but that a complex system with a large knowledge base and some gmsp of logic and commo ...
DLOLIS-A: Description Logic based Text Ontology Learning
... (i) identifying the linguistic structure (i.e. lexico-syntactic pattern) of a given NL sentence, (ii) mapping the structure to the relevant linguistic rule, (iii) using the rule to define linguistic terms as predicate logic based equivalent expressions, and (iv) using satisfiability checker (i.e. re ...
... (i) identifying the linguistic structure (i.e. lexico-syntactic pattern) of a given NL sentence, (ii) mapping the structure to the relevant linguistic rule, (iii) using the rule to define linguistic terms as predicate logic based equivalent expressions, and (iv) using satisfiability checker (i.e. re ...
complementizer - LingBuzz
... the discussion section, the idea that complementation and relativization are essentially two sides of the same coin ...
... the discussion section, the idea that complementation and relativization are essentially two sides of the same coin ...
1 In Press, Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Discourse
... different forms. The forms vary in English, and the different forms pattern quite nicely with certain verb classes, as noted above. The co-occurrence patterns are useful in distinguishing fact and propositional clausal complements from event complements in a signficant number of cases. The approach ...
... different forms. The forms vary in English, and the different forms pattern quite nicely with certain verb classes, as noted above. The co-occurrence patterns are useful in distinguishing fact and propositional clausal complements from event complements in a signficant number of cases. The approach ...
The Translation of Indonesian Reduplication into English
... Research procedures and analysis The test consisted of twenty Indonesian sentences containing reduplications taken from various newspapers, magazines and novels. There were a total of twenty-three reduplications classified into nouns, adjective, adverbs and verbs. The participants had to translate t ...
... Research procedures and analysis The test consisted of twenty Indonesian sentences containing reduplications taken from various newspapers, magazines and novels. There were a total of twenty-three reduplications classified into nouns, adjective, adverbs and verbs. The participants had to translate t ...
Hybrid, Classical, and Presuppositional Inquisitive Semantics
... Meaning preserving translations • There is a straightforward translation procedure that transforms any finite set of sentences in InqA into a single equivalent conjunction of sentences in InqB • Conversely, using the division fact ϕ ≡ !ϕ ∧ ?ϕ, any single sentence ϕ of InqB can be turned into an equi ...
... Meaning preserving translations • There is a straightforward translation procedure that transforms any finite set of sentences in InqA into a single equivalent conjunction of sentences in InqB • Conversely, using the division fact ϕ ≡ !ϕ ∧ ?ϕ, any single sentence ϕ of InqB can be turned into an equi ...
the equivalence and shift in the english translation of indonesian
... respect of different levels of presentation (equivalent in respect of context, of semantics, of grammar, of lexis, etc), and at different ranks (word-for-word, phrase-for-phrase, sentence-for-sentence).Baker (1998, p. 77) used the notion of equivalence for the sake of convenience because most transl ...
... respect of different levels of presentation (equivalent in respect of context, of semantics, of grammar, of lexis, etc), and at different ranks (word-for-word, phrase-for-phrase, sentence-for-sentence).Baker (1998, p. 77) used the notion of equivalence for the sake of convenience because most transl ...
Chapter 4 Extragrammatical expression of
... evidentiality, this terminological neatness very naturally leads to Aikhenvald’s ‘grammar only’ perspective, in which evidentiality is only made of uncontroversial grammatical morphemes, marginally including evidentiality strategies. However, those who follow an all-inclusive functionalism might als ...
... evidentiality, this terminological neatness very naturally leads to Aikhenvald’s ‘grammar only’ perspective, in which evidentiality is only made of uncontroversial grammatical morphemes, marginally including evidentiality strategies. However, those who follow an all-inclusive functionalism might als ...
Formal Syntax and Language Change
... The Demonstrative to Copula Cycle Explanations and some challenges: Principles of Projection. ...
... The Demonstrative to Copula Cycle Explanations and some challenges: Principles of Projection. ...
Mining Semantic Structures from Syntactic
... the framework, it generates TextGraphs with higher focus on the known terms and concept and eliminates many unrelated terms. This makes the framework capable of dealing with very noisy text data sets as shown in [30]. Since SemScape uses a pattern-based mining technique (with supports for syntactica ...
... the framework, it generates TextGraphs with higher focus on the known terms and concept and eliminates many unrelated terms. This makes the framework capable of dealing with very noisy text data sets as shown in [30]. Since SemScape uses a pattern-based mining technique (with supports for syntactica ...
An inquiry into Whitman`s use of structural patterns in Leaves of grass.
... suggest that the creative initiative of the poet is highly restricted and, as far as verse is concerned, there is very little room for artistic originality. But such a conclusion would be correct only if by originality we understood freedom from norms. Originality is, however, most clearly achieved ...
... suggest that the creative initiative of the poet is highly restricted and, as far as verse is concerned, there is very little room for artistic originality. But such a conclusion would be correct only if by originality we understood freedom from norms. Originality is, however, most clearly achieved ...
The Syntax of Small Clause Predication
... configuration is proven to encode the semantic and syntactic properties of various constructions in different languages. This means that language must indeed admit the possibility for a single extended projection to contain two predicative relationships, an idea that, I think, would be worth taking ...
... configuration is proven to encode the semantic and syntactic properties of various constructions in different languages. This means that language must indeed admit the possibility for a single extended projection to contain two predicative relationships, an idea that, I think, would be worth taking ...
November 20, 2003 Chapter 16 Lexical Semantics
... We can use more word meanings that can be explicitly listed in the lexicon. There are productive processes for creating new senses from those explicitly listed, including • Metaphor • Metonymy ...
... We can use more word meanings that can be explicitly listed in the lexicon. There are productive processes for creating new senses from those explicitly listed, including • Metaphor • Metonymy ...
Topic 7
... subordinating conjunction at the front of the clause that will become nested (this specifies the used of the nesting semantically). Let's assume that we will nest 'Mary kissed John' inside 'John kissed Mary' to specify a cause-and-effect relation between the two actions. We can do this by putting 'b ...
... subordinating conjunction at the front of the clause that will become nested (this specifies the used of the nesting semantically). Let's assume that we will nest 'Mary kissed John' inside 'John kissed Mary' to specify a cause-and-effect relation between the two actions. We can do this by putting 'b ...
VeTIS User Guide
... specification for expressing business knowledge in the language that is primarily understandable to the business people. One can state that SBVR is aimed at helping business people understand models with no special knowledge in modeling notations or IT skills. The most common way of expressing busin ...
... specification for expressing business knowledge in the language that is primarily understandable to the business people. One can state that SBVR is aimed at helping business people understand models with no special knowledge in modeling notations or IT skills. The most common way of expressing busin ...
Typological variation of the adjectival class
... Ask a layperson what they know about grammar and you are likely to get an answer that has something to do with parts of speech; ask a linguist what they know about parts of speech and the answer is quite likely to be much less enlightening. Parts of speech systems or, as I will refer to them here, l ...
... Ask a layperson what they know about grammar and you are likely to get an answer that has something to do with parts of speech; ask a linguist what they know about parts of speech and the answer is quite likely to be much less enlightening. Parts of speech systems or, as I will refer to them here, l ...
UNIVERSITY OF VAASA Faculty of Philosophy English
... Since the beginning of this millennium, ELF has been of interest for various other scholars as well. Elizabeth J. Erling and Tom Bartlett (2006) have studied the use of ELF among university students in Germany. Sandra Mollin (2006) has conducted a study on the status of ELF and has concluded that EL ...
... Since the beginning of this millennium, ELF has been of interest for various other scholars as well. Elizabeth J. Erling and Tom Bartlett (2006) have studied the use of ELF among university students in Germany. Sandra Mollin (2006) has conducted a study on the status of ELF and has concluded that EL ...
Powerpoint for syntax 1
... • A word that is ‘nouny’, or a group of words that contain a noun; it does not matter which one. • We want a way to generalize over all of these possibilities, and the infinite number of alternatives that we can think up. • Let’s do this by calling it a noun phrase or NP. • An NP goes before, or can ...
... • A word that is ‘nouny’, or a group of words that contain a noun; it does not matter which one. • We want a way to generalize over all of these possibilities, and the infinite number of alternatives that we can think up. • Let’s do this by calling it a noun phrase or NP. • An NP goes before, or can ...
File
... Grammar Glossary Ambiguous reference—Ambiguous reference occurs when a pronoun incorrectly refers to either of two antecedents. Ambiguous: A tortoise is different from a turtle only in that it lives on land, not in water. Which lives on land—the turtle or the tortoise? ...
... Grammar Glossary Ambiguous reference—Ambiguous reference occurs when a pronoun incorrectly refers to either of two antecedents. Ambiguous: A tortoise is different from a turtle only in that it lives on land, not in water. Which lives on land—the turtle or the tortoise? ...
Te Quest for Cognates: A Reconstruction of Oblique Subject
... motivated by semantic considerations (cf. Barðdal, 2004) and not by the “object” character or an “object” origin of the subject-like argument. We present three different scenarios for the development of the construction and lay out the different predictions arising from each of these. First, if the co ...
... motivated by semantic considerations (cf. Barðdal, 2004) and not by the “object” character or an “object” origin of the subject-like argument. We present three different scenarios for the development of the construction and lay out the different predictions arising from each of these. First, if the co ...
Generative Approaches to Syntactic Typology George Gibbard
... universals either by surveying the diversity of human language as broadly as possible in order to be able to say in what areas human languages do not show diversity, or by examining this diversity closely in order to establish "implicational" universals, that is to establish meaningful correlations ...
... universals either by surveying the diversity of human language as broadly as possible in order to be able to say in what areas human languages do not show diversity, or by examining this diversity closely in order to establish "implicational" universals, that is to establish meaningful correlations ...
The Hunting of the BLARK – SALDO, a Freely
... There is an interesting theoretical issue lurking here. For Wurzel (1989, 57), an inflectional class (which he uses as a technical term) must have more than one or even just a few members, although he is not prepared to commit himself to a specific lower limit. A practically useful computational lex ...
... There is an interesting theoretical issue lurking here. For Wurzel (1989, 57), an inflectional class (which he uses as a technical term) must have more than one or even just a few members, although he is not prepared to commit himself to a specific lower limit. A practically useful computational lex ...
Analyzing Clause By Halliday`s Transitivity System - An
... The other two functions of language are the textual and the interpersonal. The textual function is the use of language to signify discourse. Here, language becomes text, is related to itself and to its contexts of use, including the preceding and following text, and the context of situation. The tex ...
... The other two functions of language are the textual and the interpersonal. The textual function is the use of language to signify discourse. Here, language becomes text, is related to itself and to its contexts of use, including the preceding and following text, and the context of situation. The tex ...