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Surprising Similarities: Recent Monetary Regimes of Small Economies Andrew K. Rose
Surprising Similarities: Recent Monetary Regimes of Small Economies Andrew K. Rose

... contrast. The question I raise is, Did one monetary regime provide more insulation from the crisis than the other? The Great Recession associated with the crisis was the most dramatic macroeconomic event in generations; as Imbs (2010) convincingly demonstrates, it was also the first truly global rec ...
2015/1 An analysis of the Okun`s law for the Spanish provinces
2015/1 An analysis of the Okun`s law for the Spanish provinces

... The strong impact of business cycles on unemployment is a Spanish particular feature. The high increase in unemployment during the current economic downturn is a clear example of this great variability of the unemployment rate. Since 2008 and in just six years the unemployment rate has more than tri ...
APE Unit 3
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... •Retailer and Producers send misleading information about consumer demand. •Advances in tech, productivity, or resources. •Outside influences (wars, supply shocks, panic). Who cares? •Macroeconomics measures these fluctuations and guides policies to keep the economy stable. •The government has the r ...
measuring regional economic performance
measuring regional economic performance

... to other reasons. This can include young people in education, retired persons, or disabled individuals. These groups may have forms of income other than earnings, such as social security benefits and investment incomes. To get a more complete picture of regional economic performance, it is therefore ...
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... independently of the economy's historical position. ...
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Practical Guide To Contemporary Economics
Practical Guide To Contemporary Economics

... Microeconomic theory will help us answer these questions. In answering these questions, economists generally find that individuals want more than is available, and that is why the problem of scarcity arises. Being social scientists, economists try to discover how the economic world works. In doing s ...
Private Debt Overhang and the Government Spending Multiplier
Private Debt Overhang and the Government Spending Multiplier

... and political debate on the role of fiscal stimulus packages for business cycle stabilization, as well as the macroeconomic consequences of austerity policies. Whereas the debate previously focused mainly on the average size of the so-called government spending multiplier, i.e. the dollar response o ...
The Monetary and Fiscal History of Latin America: Brazil M´ arcio Garcia
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... finally stabilized by the Real Plan (July 1st, 1994). Hyperinflation in Brazil was a much more protracted process. Inflation edged up slowly but surely for several years, being occasionally “hammered” by stabilization plans that usually froze wages and prices, but did not last long. Figure 1 display ...
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PDF Download

... We take the latter result as suggestive for the view that next to its key emphasis on independence and price stability, the ECB focuses on the "weakest links" in the Euro Area. To systematically analyze this idea and - more general - to understand how the ECB’s Governing Council might have reached i ...
The Validity of Okuns law in Curacao
The Validity of Okuns law in Curacao

... college graduates searching for a job, family caregivers returning to the labor force, and employees quitting their jobs prior to obtaining a new one (Levine, 2013). Structural unemployment arises when jobseekers do not quickly occupy vacant jobs, thereby lengthening the time period of their job sea ...
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... The triumph of market-oriented economies suggests that income- and wealth-creating activities are usually best accomplished through the efforts of private citizens operating in largely unregulated markets. But this is not the end of the story, for at least three fundamental reasons. First, although ...
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... According to the ECB, money constitutes a natural, solid and reliable " nominal anchor point " for a monetary policy focused on the bearing of price stability. A follow-up of monetary aggregates helps to identify the nature of shocks affecting the economy and thus contributes to the evaluation of ov ...
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... calculation of the long-run trend for the credit-to-GDP ratio. The HP filter used to calculate this trend is a univariate statistical procedure designed to estimate long-run trends in data series. Two key decisions should be made when applying the HP filter: a) on the smoothing parameter (lambda in ...
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... markets (employment/output) • Capital markets determine the impact on future labor markets (Investment today affects the capital stock in the future) ...
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Labour reallocation and productivity dynamics: financial causes, real

... This paper builds on two different strands of the literature on the effect of resource reallocations. The first quantifies job reallocations and explores their causes and consequences. Davis and Haltiwanger (1992) estimate that roughly 20% of US manufacturing jobs are created or destroyed per year. ...
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What is the track record of OECD Economic Projections

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NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TRENDS IN HOURS, BALANCED GROWTH,

... one can think of plausible reasons that would render the consumption share nonstationary, and which could thus provide a potential explanation for the nonstationarity in hours within the paradigm. The presence of permanents shifts (or an underlying trend) in the share of government purchases in GDP ...
CHAPTER 13 | Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Analysis
CHAPTER 13 | Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Analysis

Effects Of Budget Deficit On Economic Growth In Kenya
Effects Of Budget Deficit On Economic Growth In Kenya

Optimum Currency Area Theory and EMU
Optimum Currency Area Theory and EMU

The Inflation–Output Trade-Off Revisited
The Inflation–Output Trade-Off Revisited

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Business cycle

The business cycle or economic cycle is the downward and upward movement of gross domestic product (GDP) around its long-term growth trend. These fluctuations typically involve shifts over time between periods of relatively rapid economic growth (expansions or booms), and periods of relative stagnation or decline (contractions or recessions).Used in the indefinite sense, a business cycle is a period of time containing a single boom and contraction in sequence.Business cycles are usually measured by considering the growth rate of real gross domestic product. Despite being termed cycles, these fluctuations in economic activity can prove unpredictable.A boom-and-bust cycle is one in which the expansions are rapid and the contractions are steep and severe.
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