NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES PRODUCTION CHAINS David K. Levine Working Paper 16571
... failure of a single link. Hence while long chains permit a high degree of specialization and so a large quantity of output, they are also more prone to failure. Consequently, production chains form a natural basis for an economy in which there are low risk low reward projects and high risk high rewa ...
... failure of a single link. Hence while long chains permit a high degree of specialization and so a large quantity of output, they are also more prone to failure. Consequently, production chains form a natural basis for an economy in which there are low risk low reward projects and high risk high rewa ...
NATIONAL BANK OF POLAND WORKING PAPER No. 135
... Clarida, Galì and Gertler 1999, Woodford 2003) is built around three equations ...
... Clarida, Galì and Gertler 1999, Woodford 2003) is built around three equations ...
Estimating Quarterly Indicators of Economic Activity for the States of
... easy to derive given the econometric software packages available, employing data on related macroeconomic variables is deemed to be more reliable as it captures movements in specific periods more realistically (Abeysinghe and Lee, 1998). The Chow-Lin method (Chow and Lin, 1971) in particular has be ...
... easy to derive given the econometric software packages available, employing data on related macroeconomic variables is deemed to be more reliable as it captures movements in specific periods more realistically (Abeysinghe and Lee, 1998). The Chow-Lin method (Chow and Lin, 1971) in particular has be ...
chapter - Macmillan Learning
... costs more now than it did when you could get a burger, fries, and a drink at McDonald’s for 45 cents and a gallon of gasoline for 29 cents. So higher prices increase the demand for money (a rightward shift of the MD curve), and lower prices reduce the demand for money (a leftward shift of the MD cu ...
... costs more now than it did when you could get a burger, fries, and a drink at McDonald’s for 45 cents and a gallon of gasoline for 29 cents. So higher prices increase the demand for money (a rightward shift of the MD curve), and lower prices reduce the demand for money (a leftward shift of the MD cu ...
Fiscal Cyclicality and EMU* Agustin S. Benetrix, IIIS, Trinity College Dublin
... creation of the euro. In contrast, if fiscal discipline is weak and free-rider effects inside a monetary union are strong, the feedback effect may have declined during this period. In terms of the fiscal framework established by the Maastricht Treaty and continued in the form of the “first-generatio ...
... creation of the euro. In contrast, if fiscal discipline is weak and free-rider effects inside a monetary union are strong, the feedback effect may have declined during this period. In terms of the fiscal framework established by the Maastricht Treaty and continued in the form of the “first-generatio ...
Chapter 17
... at which it grows, has something to do with market interest rates on bonds? Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison Wesley. All rights reserved. ...
... at which it grows, has something to do with market interest rates on bonds? Copyright © 2008 Pearson Addison Wesley. All rights reserved. ...
What is Economics? 1 Chapter 13 expenditure multipliers: The
... IV. The Multiplier and the Price Level A. In the equilibrium expenditure model, the price level remains constant. But real firms don’t hold their prices constant for long. When they have an unplanned change in inventories, they change production and prices. And the price level changes when firms cha ...
... IV. The Multiplier and the Price Level A. In the equilibrium expenditure model, the price level remains constant. But real firms don’t hold their prices constant for long. When they have an unplanned change in inventories, they change production and prices. And the price level changes when firms cha ...
INFLATION
... Inflation is a very old problem and some countries even in recent times have experienced rates as high as 40% per month. ...
... Inflation is a very old problem and some countries even in recent times have experienced rates as high as 40% per month. ...
Nominal GDP Targeting Rules: Can They Stabilize the Economy?
... In implementing nominal GDP targeting, policymakers might adopt any of a variety of targeting procedures. Target ranges for nominal GDP growth might be used in the same way that target ranges for the monetary aggregates have been used in the past. Under such a procedure, policymakers would monitor t ...
... In implementing nominal GDP targeting, policymakers might adopt any of a variety of targeting procedures. Target ranges for nominal GDP growth might be used in the same way that target ranges for the monetary aggregates have been used in the past. Under such a procedure, policymakers would monitor t ...
"Fiscal Stimulus in a Monetary Union: Evidence from U.S. Regions"
... of interstate subcontracting. To help assess the extent of such subcontracting, we have compiled a new dataset on shipments to the government from defense oriented industries. The source of these data are the Annual Survey of Shipments by DefenseOriented Industries conducted by the US Census Bureau ...
... of interstate subcontracting. To help assess the extent of such subcontracting, we have compiled a new dataset on shipments to the government from defense oriented industries. The source of these data are the Annual Survey of Shipments by DefenseOriented Industries conducted by the US Census Bureau ...
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM)
... transitional) economies experience high deficit spending on the part of governments. These deficits spending have caused many macroeconomic problems for these countries. Among the problems are high level of inflation, highly indebted economies (high domestic and external debts), Current Account defi ...
... transitional) economies experience high deficit spending on the part of governments. These deficits spending have caused many macroeconomic problems for these countries. Among the problems are high level of inflation, highly indebted economies (high domestic and external debts), Current Account defi ...
ciclos de negocios en países emergentes: el rol de los bienes
... behavior of nondurable and durable consumption expenditure provides important information to estimate the model and the parameters of the productivity processes. Thus, our estimation results allow us to assess the role that financial frictions and productivity shocks play in driving aggregate fluctu ...
... behavior of nondurable and durable consumption expenditure provides important information to estimate the model and the parameters of the productivity processes. Thus, our estimation results allow us to assess the role that financial frictions and productivity shocks play in driving aggregate fluctu ...
Unemployment in the Great Recession: A Comparison of Germany
... and Hunt (2011) show that GDP fell at about the same rate in the United States and Germany in 2008-2009, but (consistent with Figure 1a) the unemployment rate increased much more in the United States than in Germany. Daly and Hobijn (2010) also point out that U.S. unemployment increased substantiall ...
... and Hunt (2011) show that GDP fell at about the same rate in the United States and Germany in 2008-2009, but (consistent with Figure 1a) the unemployment rate increased much more in the United States than in Germany. Daly and Hobijn (2010) also point out that U.S. unemployment increased substantiall ...
Rol en betekenis van het CPB
... 3 countries with ‘unbiased’ GDP growth forecasts: Netherlands, Belgium, Austria ...
... 3 countries with ‘unbiased’ GDP growth forecasts: Netherlands, Belgium, Austria ...
Aggregate Demand Aggregate demand
... the difference between short-run and long-run macroeconomic equilibrium. ...
... the difference between short-run and long-run macroeconomic equilibrium. ...
Financial Imbalances and Financial Fragility Frédéric Boissay April 2011
... also be self-ful…lling, trigger a market run, a sudden liquidity dry-up, and a deleveraging process that are consistent with the observed developments in the …nancial sector during the recent crisis (feature 4). Such coordination failures are only possible when real sector productivity is too low, i ...
... also be self-ful…lling, trigger a market run, a sudden liquidity dry-up, and a deleveraging process that are consistent with the observed developments in the …nancial sector during the recent crisis (feature 4). Such coordination failures are only possible when real sector productivity is too low, i ...