CPI (Consumer Price Index) and Inflation
... Consumer Price Index (CPI) • 80,000 of the most commonly bought consumer goods ...
... Consumer Price Index (CPI) • 80,000 of the most commonly bought consumer goods ...
宏观经济学（双语教学）教学大纲 Macroeconomics syllabus 一、课程的
... (1)Recall that money serves three functions in the economy. What are those functions? How does inflation affect the ability of money to serve each of these functions? (2) Explain whether the following statements are true, false, or uncertain. a. “Inflation hurts borrowers and helps lenders, because ...
... (1)Recall that money serves three functions in the economy. What are those functions? How does inflation affect the ability of money to serve each of these functions? (2) Explain whether the following statements are true, false, or uncertain. a. “Inflation hurts borrowers and helps lenders, because ...
Instructor`s class notes
... Wage increases will be passed along through prices, so inflation is high when unemployment is low Downward-sloping Phillips curve results Problem with simple theory is that it fails to distinguish between real and nominal wages Tight labor market should increase real wages For real wages to rise ...
... Wage increases will be passed along through prices, so inflation is high when unemployment is low Downward-sloping Phillips curve results Problem with simple theory is that it fails to distinguish between real and nominal wages Tight labor market should increase real wages For real wages to rise ...
MONETARY POLICY IN UKRAINE
... communication with little importance for lending activities, stands merely at 10.25%. In our view, this discrepancy is confusing and might contribute to higher inflation expectations. Thus, we suggest bringing the discount rate in line with the rates of overnight loans. ...
... communication with little importance for lending activities, stands merely at 10.25%. In our view, this discrepancy is confusing and might contribute to higher inflation expectations. Thus, we suggest bringing the discount rate in line with the rates of overnight loans. ...
Inflation, Disinflation, and Deflation
... The non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) is the employment rate at which inflation does not change over time. The long-run Phillips curve (LRPC) shows the relationship between unemployment and inflation in the long run, after expectations of inflation have had time to adjust t ...
... The non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) is the employment rate at which inflation does not change over time. The long-run Phillips curve (LRPC) shows the relationship between unemployment and inflation in the long run, after expectations of inflation have had time to adjust t ...
Chapter30
... d) As we explained in the text, actual inflation equals expected inflation plus excessdemand inflation plus supply-shock inflation. In the absence of supply shocks, constant inflation means that expectations will eventually converge to actual inflation. But with actual and expected inflation being e ...
... d) As we explained in the text, actual inflation equals expected inflation plus excessdemand inflation plus supply-shock inflation. In the absence of supply shocks, constant inflation means that expectations will eventually converge to actual inflation. But with actual and expected inflation being e ...
Activity questions
... the value of the GDP deflator has risen from 100 to 120. In this case: a) Real GDP has risen by 20%. b) Real GDP has fallen by 20%. c) Real GDP has stayed the same. d) Real GDP has risen more quickly than nominal GDP. 2. Why isn’t the natural rate of unemployment equal to zero? a) Both c and d answe ...
... the value of the GDP deflator has risen from 100 to 120. In this case: a) Real GDP has risen by 20%. b) Real GDP has fallen by 20%. c) Real GDP has stayed the same. d) Real GDP has risen more quickly than nominal GDP. 2. Why isn’t the natural rate of unemployment equal to zero? a) Both c and d answe ...
Topic 7: Lesson 1: Gross Domestic Product Definition
... 10. Too much money in the _______________ _________________ can cause inflation. Most economists agree that the money supply should __________________ at the same rate the economy is ______________. 11. Inflation can lead to a ____________________-_________________ _____________________ of increas ...
... 10. Too much money in the _______________ _________________ can cause inflation. Most economists agree that the money supply should __________________ at the same rate the economy is ______________. 11. Inflation can lead to a ____________________-_________________ _____________________ of increas ...
Economics - APAblog.org
... Measures the number of the people who are able to work but do not have a job during a given period of time Participation Rate: A measure of the active portion of an economy's labor force. The participation rate refers to the number of people who are either employed or are actively looking for work. ...
... Measures the number of the people who are able to work but do not have a job during a given period of time Participation Rate: A measure of the active portion of an economy's labor force. The participation rate refers to the number of people who are either employed or are actively looking for work. ...
Chapter 14 - Department of Agricultural Economics
... for inflation. In the above example, real GDP grew over the 1992-1999 period, but not at the rate implied by comparisons in nominal terms. Page 347 ...
... for inflation. In the above example, real GDP grew over the 1992-1999 period, but not at the rate implied by comparisons in nominal terms. Page 347 ...
unemployment.s00
... Any policy aimed at lowering the natural rate of unemployment must either reduce the rate of job separation (s) or increase the rate of job finding (f). Similarly, any policy that affects the rate of job separation or job finding also changes the natural rate of unemployment Unemployment Rate (U / L ...
... Any policy aimed at lowering the natural rate of unemployment must either reduce the rate of job separation (s) or increase the rate of job finding (f). Similarly, any policy that affects the rate of job separation or job finding also changes the natural rate of unemployment Unemployment Rate (U / L ...
Chapter 16: Extending the Analysis of Aggregate
... occur, then the AS eventually moves back to the right and full employment is restored. (Nominal wages fall.) Two Generalizations: ...
... occur, then the AS eventually moves back to the right and full employment is restored. (Nominal wages fall.) Two Generalizations: ...
I) Inflation
... • A) Demand pull inflationA rise in the general level of prices caused by too high a level of aggregate Shortage demand in relation to E2 aggregate supply. E1 D2 • This is continuously happening because of a constant increase in population and an increase in relative wealth. D1 ...
... • A) Demand pull inflationA rise in the general level of prices caused by too high a level of aggregate Shortage demand in relation to E2 aggregate supply. E1 D2 • This is continuously happening because of a constant increase in population and an increase in relative wealth. D1 ...
Economics Unit 4 – Macroeconomics (Policies) Chapters 13, 14, 15
... Assignment: Students must complete the study guide and turn it in for credit on the day that the unit test is given, but students would benefit greatly from completing, and then studying the study guide. Students will complete their work on a separate sheet (or sheets) of paper. The final copy of ...
... Assignment: Students must complete the study guide and turn it in for credit on the day that the unit test is given, but students would benefit greatly from completing, and then studying the study guide. Students will complete their work on a separate sheet (or sheets) of paper. The final copy of ...
1 Washington University Spring 2008 Department of Economics
... consume out of permanent income equals 0.9 and current income equals $55,000 (of which $5,000 is transitory income), then consumption should equal: A) $5,000. B) $45,000. C) $49,500. D) $55,000. 11. Milton Friedman argued that, although household studies showed that high-income households generally ...
... consume out of permanent income equals 0.9 and current income equals $55,000 (of which $5,000 is transitory income), then consumption should equal: A) $5,000. B) $45,000. C) $49,500. D) $55,000. 11. Milton Friedman argued that, although household studies showed that high-income households generally ...
Lecture 2: New Keynesian Model in Continuous Time
... monetary policy, inflation and the business cycle. RBC model: cannot even think about these issues! Real variables are completely separate from nominal variables (“monetary neutrality”, “classical dichotomy”). Corollary: monetary policy has no effect on any real variables. Sticky prices break “monet ...
... monetary policy, inflation and the business cycle. RBC model: cannot even think about these issues! Real variables are completely separate from nominal variables (“monetary neutrality”, “classical dichotomy”). Corollary: monetary policy has no effect on any real variables. Sticky prices break “monet ...
Unit 1 Basic Macroeconomic Terminology
... Producer price index (PPI): measure of average prices received by producers. Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA): increase in wages that is designed to match increases in prices of items purchased by the typical household. Inflation: a sustained rise in the average level of prices Demand-pull inflation ...
... Producer price index (PPI): measure of average prices received by producers. Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA): increase in wages that is designed to match increases in prices of items purchased by the typical household. Inflation: a sustained rise in the average level of prices Demand-pull inflation ...
lecture notes chapter 16
... and present rates of inflation and only gradually change their expectations and wage demands. 4. Fully anticipated inflation by labor in the nominal wage demands of workers generates a vertical Phillips Curve. (See Figure 16-9) This occurs over time. B. Interpretations of the Phillips Curve have cha ...
... and present rates of inflation and only gradually change their expectations and wage demands. 4. Fully anticipated inflation by labor in the nominal wage demands of workers generates a vertical Phillips Curve. (See Figure 16-9) This occurs over time. B. Interpretations of the Phillips Curve have cha ...
Phillips curve
In economics, the Phillips curve is a historical inverse relationship between rates of unemployment and corresponding rates of inflation that result in an economy. Stated simply, decreased unemployment, (i.e., increased levels of employment) in an economy will correlate with higher rates of inflation.While there is a short run tradeoff between unemployment and inflation, it has not been observed in the long run. In 1968, Milton Friedman asserted that the Phillips Curve was only applicable in the short-run and that in the long-run, inflationary policies will not decrease unemployment. Friedman then correctly predicted that, in the upcoming years after 1968, both inflation and unemployment would increase. The long-run Phillips Curve is now seen as a vertical line at the natural rate of unemployment, where the rate of inflation has no effect on unemployment. Accordingly, the Phillips curve is now seen as too simplistic, with the unemployment rate supplanted by more accurate predictors of inflation based on velocity of money supply measures such as the MZM (""money zero maturity"") velocity, which is affected by unemployment in the short but not the long term.