Common Features of Mucosal and Peripheral Antibody Responses
... for IgG; P ⫽ 0.03 for IgA) (Fig. 2B and C), suggesting that intramuscular immunization of Ad-vectored and protein HIV-1 candidate vaccines elicited immunologically coordinated antibody responses in the periphery and at mucosal sites. Follow-up studies of RV144 suggested that vaccine-elicited Env-spe ...
... for IgG; P ⫽ 0.03 for IgA) (Fig. 2B and C), suggesting that intramuscular immunization of Ad-vectored and protein HIV-1 candidate vaccines elicited immunologically coordinated antibody responses in the periphery and at mucosal sites. Follow-up studies of RV144 suggested that vaccine-elicited Env-spe ...
Doctoral thesis from the Department of Immunology, the Wenner-Gren Institute,... University, Stockholm, Sweden
... This thesis aimed to the identification of immune biomarkers of mycobacterial infection for better diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and also focused on new vaccination strategies with a particular emphasis on the immune responses in the respiratory tract using murine models. Since the lung is the natu ...
... This thesis aimed to the identification of immune biomarkers of mycobacterial infection for better diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and also focused on new vaccination strategies with a particular emphasis on the immune responses in the respiratory tract using murine models. Since the lung is the natu ...
Exposure to Infectious Diseases in Modern Japan II: The Case of
... across continents and oceans. On the other hand, works of Haggett and others have presented extremely fine depiction of localized disease diffusion in remote, isolated and small corners of the globe. We lack something in-between, a detailed analysis of epidemics of measles in regions of intermediary ...
... across continents and oceans. On the other hand, works of Haggett and others have presented extremely fine depiction of localized disease diffusion in remote, isolated and small corners of the globe. We lack something in-between, a detailed analysis of epidemics of measles in regions of intermediary ...
Lyme Disease: The Facts, The Challenge
... NIH conducts and supports biomedical research aimed at meeting the challenges of Lyme disease. Scientists are gaining a better understanding of the human immune response that leads to Lyme disease. For example, they are uncovering the mechanisms responsible for treatment-resistant Lyme arthritis. Im ...
... NIH conducts and supports biomedical research aimed at meeting the challenges of Lyme disease. Scientists are gaining a better understanding of the human immune response that leads to Lyme disease. For example, they are uncovering the mechanisms responsible for treatment-resistant Lyme arthritis. Im ...
NIAID Strategic Plan for Biodefense Research
... continue to hold true. NIAID also recognized that developing new medical countermeasures for biodefense and emerging infectious diseases is associated with specific challenges. For example, the basic biology and pathogenesis of threat agents are often not well understood. Many target pathogens must ...
... continue to hold true. NIAID also recognized that developing new medical countermeasures for biodefense and emerging infectious diseases is associated with specific challenges. For example, the basic biology and pathogenesis of threat agents are often not well understood. Many target pathogens must ...
Materials - Web Adventures
... of Germany. He earned his MD degree in 1866. Dr. Koch made numerous contributions to early microbiology, working on the human diseases anthrax, tuberculosis, cholera, and malaria. He also studied tropical disease in cattle. In 1905, he received the Noble Prize for his work on tuberculosis. His major ...
... of Germany. He earned his MD degree in 1866. Dr. Koch made numerous contributions to early microbiology, working on the human diseases anthrax, tuberculosis, cholera, and malaria. He also studied tropical disease in cattle. In 1905, he received the Noble Prize for his work on tuberculosis. His major ...
Serotonin – A link between disgust and immunity?
... the development of learned aversion (CTA). CTA follows vomiting and/or irritation of the GI tract, both of which involve 5-HT as a signalling molecule [12]. Learned aversion is primarily due to medullary, vegetative processes rather than to cerebral, cognitive processes [17,23], and might be mediate ...
... the development of learned aversion (CTA). CTA follows vomiting and/or irritation of the GI tract, both of which involve 5-HT as a signalling molecule [12]. Learned aversion is primarily due to medullary, vegetative processes rather than to cerebral, cognitive processes [17,23], and might be mediate ...
Human Health and the Microbiota - McGill Science Undergraduate
... are also high levels of parasitic infection as well as bacterial and viral infections. Parasites such as intestinal helminths, or worms, elicit a potent Th2 response. Another paradox also presents itself with the increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases observed in developed countries. This is be ...
... are also high levels of parasitic infection as well as bacterial and viral infections. Parasites such as intestinal helminths, or worms, elicit a potent Th2 response. Another paradox also presents itself with the increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases observed in developed countries. This is be ...
Understanding the Failure of CD8 T-Cell Vaccination against Simian
... presence of memory CD8ⴙ T cells. To study these paradoxical findings, we parameterize novel mathematical models for acute SIV and human immunodeficiency virus infection. These models explain that failure of vaccination is due to the fact that effector/target ratios are too low during the viral expan ...
... presence of memory CD8ⴙ T cells. To study these paradoxical findings, we parameterize novel mathematical models for acute SIV and human immunodeficiency virus infection. These models explain that failure of vaccination is due to the fact that effector/target ratios are too low during the viral expan ...
Soluble β-glucan and heparin as modulators of the immune
... functionality of healthy tissues, was the cause of 8.2 million deaths worldwide in 2012 (World Health Organization, 2012). In Sweden, while total cancer incidence is rising, mortality decreases, an effect that can be attributed both to improved diagnostic methods and to the development of more effic ...
... functionality of healthy tissues, was the cause of 8.2 million deaths worldwide in 2012 (World Health Organization, 2012). In Sweden, while total cancer incidence is rising, mortality decreases, an effect that can be attributed both to improved diagnostic methods and to the development of more effic ...
... described above for each immunization group relative to that of an MAb standard. IgG concentrations were calculated from a standard curve of an MAb to PA over a concentration range from 0.05 to 10 g/ml. Although MAb standards have been used to estimate the amount of specific antibody in immune sera ...
Malaria Pathogenesis
... research today is whether it will be possible to develop vaccines to lessen disea4e. Our limited knowledge of malaria pathogenesis, to date, has come from the study of both human malaria and animal models. Animal models are of value when it is not possible to conduct particular experiments in humans ...
... research today is whether it will be possible to develop vaccines to lessen disea4e. Our limited knowledge of malaria pathogenesis, to date, has come from the study of both human malaria and animal models. Animal models are of value when it is not possible to conduct particular experiments in humans ...
Management of CMV: Immune Monitoring, New therapies, Vaccines
... • Patient with low-level viremia below threshold for preemptive therapy -Should therapy be started? • Patient recovered from CMV disease -Should further monitoring be done? -Should there be secondary prophylaxis? ...
... • Patient with low-level viremia below threshold for preemptive therapy -Should therapy be started? • Patient recovered from CMV disease -Should further monitoring be done? -Should there be secondary prophylaxis? ...
5 Clinical Experience with Medical Devices
... The differentiation between direct toxicity and toxicity due to an immune response to a compound is to a certain extent artificial. Some compounds can exert a direct toxic action on the immune system as well as inducing a specific immune response. In animals, heavy metals, for example mercury, manif ...
... The differentiation between direct toxicity and toxicity due to an immune response to a compound is to a certain extent artificial. Some compounds can exert a direct toxic action on the immune system as well as inducing a specific immune response. In animals, heavy metals, for example mercury, manif ...
57/2010 - Repatriation Medical Authority
... Paragraphs 6(j) to 6(s) apply only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, Dupuytren's disease where the person's Dupuytren's disease was suffered or contracted before or during (but not arising out of) the person's relevant service. ...
... Paragraphs 6(j) to 6(s) apply only to material contribution to, or aggravation of, Dupuytren's disease where the person's Dupuytren's disease was suffered or contracted before or during (but not arising out of) the person's relevant service. ...
Using Transfer Factor to Strengthen Cell
... the infection as well as for the treatment of infected patients. Transfer factor (TF)…has been used successfully over the past quarter of a century for treating viral, parasitic, and fungal infections, as well as immunodeficiencies, neoplasias, allergies and autoimmune diseases. Moreover, several ob ...
... the infection as well as for the treatment of infected patients. Transfer factor (TF)…has been used successfully over the past quarter of a century for treating viral, parasitic, and fungal infections, as well as immunodeficiencies, neoplasias, allergies and autoimmune diseases. Moreover, several ob ...
University of Groningen Bottlenecks, budgets and immunity
... used in this research. Red knots as a study system and a discussion about bottlenecks in the annual cycle of migrants are presented in chapters 2 and 3. ...
... used in this research. Red knots as a study system and a discussion about bottlenecks in the annual cycle of migrants are presented in chapters 2 and 3. ...
Understanding the interaction between psychosocial stress
... humans supporting these observations was, however, lacking. Studies published in the last 2 decades in Brain, Behavior and Immunity and other journals have demonstrated that acute and chronic psychological stress can induce pronounced changes in innate and adaptive immune responses and that these ch ...
... humans supporting these observations was, however, lacking. Studies published in the last 2 decades in Brain, Behavior and Immunity and other journals have demonstrated that acute and chronic psychological stress can induce pronounced changes in innate and adaptive immune responses and that these ch ...
Interferons as Therapeutic Agents in Infectious Diseases
... and cytomegalovirus infections, but the successful development of acyclovir and ganciclovir gave clinicians safer and more effective alternatives for dealing with these viruses.[5, 6] IFNs can also be used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and certain cancers, but this article will review the t ...
... and cytomegalovirus infections, but the successful development of acyclovir and ganciclovir gave clinicians safer and more effective alternatives for dealing with these viruses.[5, 6] IFNs can also be used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and certain cancers, but this article will review the t ...
LESSON 6 Your Immune System
... birth, antibodies pass from her body to her developing fetus. However, these immunities last only a few months. The baby’s immune system becomes active and produces antibodies on its own to fight pathogens. A vaccine causes the immune system to produce antibodies for certain diseases. This process i ...
... birth, antibodies pass from her body to her developing fetus. However, these immunities last only a few months. The baby’s immune system becomes active and produces antibodies on its own to fight pathogens. A vaccine causes the immune system to produce antibodies for certain diseases. This process i ...
An Advisory Committee Statement (ACS)
... The actual risk of HZ recurrence in immunocompetent adults with a prior history of HZ, has not been firmly established and previously reported incidence has varied based on the methods used and duration of follow-up. Recently, Yawn et al. examined medical records of 1669 Olmsted County (Minnesota) r ...
... The actual risk of HZ recurrence in immunocompetent adults with a prior history of HZ, has not been firmly established and previously reported incidence has varied based on the methods used and duration of follow-up. Recently, Yawn et al. examined medical records of 1669 Olmsted County (Minnesota) r ...
PHM 456 Common Infectious Diseases of Childhood, Part II
... PHM 456 Common Infectious Diseases of Childhood James Tjon, BSPhm, PharmD, RPh Department of Pharmacy The Hospital for Sick Children October 21, 2004 ...
... PHM 456 Common Infectious Diseases of Childhood James Tjon, BSPhm, PharmD, RPh Department of Pharmacy The Hospital for Sick Children October 21, 2004 ...
The Immune System
... attacks by foreign invaders these are primarily, how to boost your immune system harvard health - on the whole your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease causing microorganisms but sometimes it fails a germ invades successfully, immunotherapy using the immune system to ...
... attacks by foreign invaders these are primarily, how to boost your immune system harvard health - on the whole your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease causing microorganisms but sometimes it fails a germ invades successfully, immunotherapy using the immune system to ...
Garcia 1..9
... and the overall safety over the long term and in a substantial number of unselected participants remains to be established. The 12 clinical trials published so far suggest that DC immunotherapy in HIV-1 infection can elicit HIV-1–specific immunological responses. However, only four of these studies ...
... and the overall safety over the long term and in a substantial number of unselected participants remains to be established. The 12 clinical trials published so far suggest that DC immunotherapy in HIV-1 infection can elicit HIV-1–specific immunological responses. However, only four of these studies ...
Lesson Overview - Southgate Schools
... HIV destroys T cells, crippling the ability of the immune system to fight HIV and other pathogens. Monitoring progression of HIV by counting helper T cells. The fewer helper T cells, the more susceptible to other diseases. When an HIV-infected person’s T cell count reaches about 1/6 the normal level ...
... HIV destroys T cells, crippling the ability of the immune system to fight HIV and other pathogens. Monitoring progression of HIV by counting helper T cells. The fewer helper T cells, the more susceptible to other diseases. When an HIV-infected person’s T cell count reaches about 1/6 the normal level ...
Vaccination
Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen. Vaccines can prevent or ameliorate morbidity from infection. When a sufficiently large percentage of a population has been vaccinated, this results in herd immunity. The effectiveness of vaccination has been widely studied and verified; for example, the influenza vaccine, the HPV vaccine, and the chicken pox vaccine. Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing infectious diseases; widespread immunity due to vaccination is largely responsible for the worldwide eradication of smallpox and the restriction of diseases such as polio, measles, and tetanus from much of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that licensed vaccines are currently available to prevent or contribute to the prevention and control of twenty-five infections.The active agent of a vaccine may be intact but inactivated (non-infective) or attenuated (with reduced infectivity) forms of the causative pathogens, or purified components of the pathogen that have been found to be highly immunogenic (e.g., outer coat proteins of a virus). Toxoids are produced for immunization against toxin-based diseases, such as the modification of tetanospasmin toxin of tetanus to remove its toxic effect but retain its immunogenic effect.Smallpox was most likely the first disease people tried to prevent by inoculating themselves and was the first disease for which a vaccine was produced. The smallpox vaccine was discovered in 1796 by the British physician Edward Jenner, although at least six people had used the same principles years earlier. Louis Pasteur furthered the concept through his work in microbiology. The immunization was called vaccination because it was derived from a virus affecting cows (Latin: vacca—cow). Smallpox was a contagious and deadly disease, causing the deaths of 20–60% of infected adults and over 80% of infected children. When smallpox was finally eradicated in 1979, it had already killed an estimated 300–500 million people in the 20th century.In common speech, 'vaccination' and 'immunization' have a similar meaning. This distinguishes it from inoculation, which uses unweakened live pathogens, although in common usage either can refer to an immunization. Vaccination efforts have been met with some controversy on scientific, ethical, political, medical safety, and religious grounds. In rare cases, vaccinations can injure people and, in the United States, they may receive compensation for those injuries under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Early success and compulsion brought widespread acceptance, and mass vaccination campaigns have greatly reduced the incidence of many diseases in numerous geographic regions.