Survival of pathogenic micro-organisms and parasites in
... every case of a clinically diagnosable transmissible disease, dung and slurry must be considered as infectious and an inanimate vector for the pathogen. To make matters worse there is, especially in the case of salmonellosis, a tendency for these pathogens to occur in slurries of livestock which hav ...
... every case of a clinically diagnosable transmissible disease, dung and slurry must be considered as infectious and an inanimate vector for the pathogen. To make matters worse there is, especially in the case of salmonellosis, a tendency for these pathogens to occur in slurries of livestock which hav ...
Guidance for Practitioners on the Use of Antiviral Drugs to Control
... nasal specimens collected from several patients within a cluster affected by ILI may also be sufficient to determine the cause of the outbreak. However, oropharyngeal secretions obtained with a throat swab are suboptimal for influenza diagnosis. The preferred testing methods are, in order of declin ...
... nasal specimens collected from several patients within a cluster affected by ILI may also be sufficient to determine the cause of the outbreak. However, oropharyngeal secretions obtained with a throat swab are suboptimal for influenza diagnosis. The preferred testing methods are, in order of declin ...
Slide 1
... • Pandemic: epidemic spreading around the world affecting hundreds of thousands of people, across many countries ...
... • Pandemic: epidemic spreading around the world affecting hundreds of thousands of people, across many countries ...
Smallpox - Columbia University
... A secondary eruption, resulting from blood-borne dissemination of virus. Lesions emerged between 6 to 9 days after vaccination and were either few in number of generalized. Inadvertent Inoculation ...
... A secondary eruption, resulting from blood-borne dissemination of virus. Lesions emerged between 6 to 9 days after vaccination and were either few in number of generalized. Inadvertent Inoculation ...
EU Financial Contribution
... 1. Introduction Epidemics in livestock, such as foot and mouth disease (FMD) and classical swine fever (CSF) may inevitably affect many farms at the same time. FMD is the most contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals (cattle, pigs, sheep, goats and all wild ruminants and suidae) and has a great ...
... 1. Introduction Epidemics in livestock, such as foot and mouth disease (FMD) and classical swine fever (CSF) may inevitably affect many farms at the same time. FMD is the most contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals (cattle, pigs, sheep, goats and all wild ruminants and suidae) and has a great ...
Guidelines for minimising disease risks associated
... http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive/projects/index.html#threat-10-11. While the hygiene protocols provide general information about strategies to minimise the transmission and spread of pathogens, particularly during field work activities, there remains a need to develop guidelines s ...
... http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive/projects/index.html#threat-10-11. While the hygiene protocols provide general information about strategies to minimise the transmission and spread of pathogens, particularly during field work activities, there remains a need to develop guidelines s ...
Zika Information for - BC Centre for Disease Control
... 1) People from British Columbia who travel to regions where Zika virus is circulating. More than 40 countries in the Americas, Oceania and the Caribbean have reported Zika cases, as well as some countries in Asia and Africa. Due to differences in testing and reporting, the risk of acquiring Zika inf ...
... 1) People from British Columbia who travel to regions where Zika virus is circulating. More than 40 countries in the Americas, Oceania and the Caribbean have reported Zika cases, as well as some countries in Asia and Africa. Due to differences in testing and reporting, the risk of acquiring Zika inf ...
Myxomatosis in France
... methods that can be used. Rabbits can be shot, trapped or poisoned. Sanitary regulations of rabbit farms are strictly policed, and farmers are required to maintain a register containing all information on diseases of their stock and vaccinations carried out. No immediate official action was taken wh ...
... methods that can be used. Rabbits can be shot, trapped or poisoned. Sanitary regulations of rabbit farms are strictly policed, and farmers are required to maintain a register containing all information on diseases of their stock and vaccinations carried out. No immediate official action was taken wh ...
Epidemiology of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus and Bovine
... and the Danish governments. During the following decades the dairy cattle population and the milk production increased but not sufficiently to meet the increasing market demand for milk and milk products. Therefore, since the early 1990s, the Royal Thai government has encouraged farmers to start sma ...
... and the Danish governments. During the following decades the dairy cattle population and the milk production increased but not sufficiently to meet the increasing market demand for milk and milk products. Therefore, since the early 1990s, the Royal Thai government has encouraged farmers to start sma ...
abcd guidelines on
... Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) is the agent of feline viral rhinotracheitis and is distributed worldwide. The virus belongs to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus. Although only one serotype is described, the virulence can differ between viral strains (Gaskell ...
... Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) is the agent of feline viral rhinotracheitis and is distributed worldwide. The virus belongs to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus. Although only one serotype is described, the virulence can differ between viral strains (Gaskell ...
Why Should We Care? What Do We Do About It?
... distributed in the tropics and another species Aedes albopictus which is present in North America has been linked to several arboviral disease outbreaks in North America. The emergence of Zika virus from the Pacific to the Americas and now to the United Kingdom is a source of concern to Africa parti ...
... distributed in the tropics and another species Aedes albopictus which is present in North America has been linked to several arboviral disease outbreaks in North America. The emergence of Zika virus from the Pacific to the Americas and now to the United Kingdom is a source of concern to Africa parti ...
Vaccine components
... virus, bacteria or the toxin that causes the disease against which the vaccine protects. The vaccine antigen is altered from its original form so it no longer causes disease but it can produce an immune response. There are a number of ways this is achieved: ...
... virus, bacteria or the toxin that causes the disease against which the vaccine protects. The vaccine antigen is altered from its original form so it no longer causes disease but it can produce an immune response. There are a number of ways this is achieved: ...
Dengue Fever - Boston Public Health Commission
... Dengue fever is caused by a virus that is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. The disease has been identified in the Southeastern United States. It is common in tropical and subtropical areas such as the Caribbean, Central America, South America and parts of Southeast Asia and Africa. C ...
... Dengue fever is caused by a virus that is spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. The disease has been identified in the Southeastern United States. It is common in tropical and subtropical areas such as the Caribbean, Central America, South America and parts of Southeast Asia and Africa. C ...
Scrapie Disease in Sheep: History, Prevention
... to five years after the animal is infected, but it may be longer. Some of the early signs are changes in behavior, tremor (especially in the head and neck) and signs of itching evidenced by rubbing itself on objects and biting of feet and limbs. Other signs are loss of coordination, weight loss, lip ...
... to five years after the animal is infected, but it may be longer. Some of the early signs are changes in behavior, tremor (especially in the head and neck) and signs of itching evidenced by rubbing itself on objects and biting of feet and limbs. Other signs are loss of coordination, weight loss, lip ...
Case 2 - Scand
... osteomyelitis most commonly occurs in infants and children (3, 4). In both pigs and humans, S. aureus is a dominant cause of pyaemic lesions including osteomyelitis (4-6). A number of animal models of osteomyelitis have been developed for investigating e.g. pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ...
... osteomyelitis most commonly occurs in infants and children (3, 4). In both pigs and humans, S. aureus is a dominant cause of pyaemic lesions including osteomyelitis (4-6). A number of animal models of osteomyelitis have been developed for investigating e.g. pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ...
Revised: June 2016 AN: 01097/2015 SUMMARY OF PRODUCT
... manifest by stiffness, a mild, transient rise in temperature, typically 9-12 hours post vaccination, or a small soft, non-painful local swelling (10-20 mm in diameter) at the injection site. These conditions normally resolve by the day following vaccination. Injection site pain, anorexia and letharg ...
... manifest by stiffness, a mild, transient rise in temperature, typically 9-12 hours post vaccination, or a small soft, non-painful local swelling (10-20 mm in diameter) at the injection site. These conditions normally resolve by the day following vaccination. Injection site pain, anorexia and letharg ...
rajiv gandhi university of health sciences, karanataka
... Need for the study: Rabies is an acute, practically 100% fatal viral disease affecting both man and animals. An estimated 20,000 human rabies deaths and 17.4 million animal bite cases are known to occur in India every year1. Semple (sheep brain) vaccine was in use for treating animal bite cases for ...
... Need for the study: Rabies is an acute, practically 100% fatal viral disease affecting both man and animals. An estimated 20,000 human rabies deaths and 17.4 million animal bite cases are known to occur in India every year1. Semple (sheep brain) vaccine was in use for treating animal bite cases for ...
2011 January - Barbados Blackbelly Sheep Association International
... FREE Booklet Helps Sheep Owners Understand Johne’s Disease Johne’s disease is one of those mysterious sheep diseases where symptoms often challenge owners since symptoms for Johne’s disease can be easily confused with symptoms for other diseases. And, while no one knows the number of infected sheep ...
... FREE Booklet Helps Sheep Owners Understand Johne’s Disease Johne’s disease is one of those mysterious sheep diseases where symptoms often challenge owners since symptoms for Johne’s disease can be easily confused with symptoms for other diseases. And, while no one knows the number of infected sheep ...
awarenessweek - Cherry Tree Vets
... The Belgian Hare has a short coat and if kept problem throughout the summer months. Rabbits and hares both molt twice a year, hares Transmission of RHD occurs by direct contact clean, requires little grooming other than an from cold regions may turn white in the winter. with an infected animal and f ...
... The Belgian Hare has a short coat and if kept problem throughout the summer months. Rabbits and hares both molt twice a year, hares Transmission of RHD occurs by direct contact clean, requires little grooming other than an from cold regions may turn white in the winter. with an infected animal and f ...
Eastern, western and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
... loss; or in animals without signs of encephalitis. Sudden death has also been reported. Animals that recover may have permanent neurological signs. Enzootic VEE viruses usually infect equids subclinically or cause only mild, nonspecific clinical signs. However, an I-E strain found in Mexico can caus ...
... loss; or in animals without signs of encephalitis. Sudden death has also been reported. Animals that recover may have permanent neurological signs. Enzootic VEE viruses usually infect equids subclinically or cause only mild, nonspecific clinical signs. However, an I-E strain found in Mexico can caus ...
VETERINARY GUIDELINES ON MAJOR TRANSMISSIBLE ANIMAL
... Whenever an important epidemiological event occurs in a Member, the Member must inform the OIE by sending an Immediate Notification (terrestrial and aquatic animals) which includes the reason for the notification, the name of the disease, the affected species, the geographical area affected, the con ...
... Whenever an important epidemiological event occurs in a Member, the Member must inform the OIE by sending an Immediate Notification (terrestrial and aquatic animals) which includes the reason for the notification, the name of the disease, the affected species, the geographical area affected, the con ...
English (PDF/6469KB) - Fort Valley State University
... Two of the very critical links in this chain involve collection of appropriate samples and getting those samples to the laboratory. This chapter will focus on the two important processes of sample collection and sample submission. Collection of samples: From a dead animal One of the most frequentl ...
... Two of the very critical links in this chain involve collection of appropriate samples and getting those samples to the laboratory. This chapter will focus on the two important processes of sample collection and sample submission. Collection of samples: From a dead animal One of the most frequentl ...
Interim guidance for healthcare providers and Zika virus laboratory
... Direct viral diagnosis Zika virus diagnosis is primarily based on detection of viral RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from clinical samples. Specific assays have been published for Asian and African Zika viral strains targeting the envelope gene or NS5 region [5-7]. There ...
... Direct viral diagnosis Zika virus diagnosis is primarily based on detection of viral RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from clinical samples. Specific assays have been published for Asian and African Zika viral strains targeting the envelope gene or NS5 region [5-7]. There ...
Hepatitis A (PDF)
... (stool), and yellowing of eyes or skin (jaundice) may appear a few days later. Jaundice occurs more often in adults than in children. Hepatitis A does not become a chronic (long-term) infection. What are the complications of hepatitis A? Hepatitis A can sometimes cause a severe, sudden and overwhelm ...
... (stool), and yellowing of eyes or skin (jaundice) may appear a few days later. Jaundice occurs more often in adults than in children. Hepatitis A does not become a chronic (long-term) infection. What are the complications of hepatitis A? Hepatitis A can sometimes cause a severe, sudden and overwhelm ...
Foot-and-mouth disease
Foot-and-mouth disease or hoof-and-mouth disease (Aphthae epizooticae) is an infectious and sometimes fatal viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals, including domestic and wild bovids. The virus causes a high fever for two or three days, followed by blisters inside the mouth and on the feet that may rupture and cause lameness.Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has severe implications for animal farming, since it is highly infectious and can be spread by infected animals through aerosols, through contact with contaminated farming equipment, vehicles, clothing, or feed, and by domestic and wild predators. Its containment demands considerable efforts in vaccination, strict monitoring, trade restrictions, and quarantines, and occasionally the killing of animals.Susceptible animals include cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs, antelope, deer, and bison. It has also been known to infect hedgehogs and elephants; llamas and alpacas may develop mild symptoms, but are resistant to the disease and do not pass it on to others of the same species. In laboratory experiments, mice, rats, and chickens have been successfully infected by artificial means, but they are not believed to contract the disease under natural conditions. Humans are very rarely infected.The virus responsible for the disease is a picornavirus, the prototypic member of the genus Aphthovirus. Infection occurs when the virus particle is taken into a cell of the host. The cell is then forced to manufacture thousands of copies of the virus, and eventually bursts, releasing the new particles in the blood. The virus is genetically highly variable, which limits the effectiveness of vaccination.