Appendix D: Plankton
... phytoplankton, and eat phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, and other zooplankton. The larger metazoan zooplankton are important prey for many species of fish, birds, and baleen whales. In addition, many fish and benthic invertebrates spend the earliest part of their life cycles as temporary members of ...
... phytoplankton, and eat phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, and other zooplankton. The larger metazoan zooplankton are important prey for many species of fish, birds, and baleen whales. In addition, many fish and benthic invertebrates spend the earliest part of their life cycles as temporary members of ...
Mid Term I: KEY - earthjay science
... moving closer together. T/F (40) 1 pts. The oldest rocks of the oceanic crust are found in deep ocean trenches far away from active, mid‐ocean ridges. T/F (41) 1 pts. In general, rocks of the continental crust are less dense than rocks of the oceanic crust. T/F (42) 1 pts. The Him ...
... moving closer together. T/F (40) 1 pts. The oldest rocks of the oceanic crust are found in deep ocean trenches far away from active, mid‐ocean ridges. T/F (41) 1 pts. In general, rocks of the continental crust are less dense than rocks of the oceanic crust. T/F (42) 1 pts. The Him ...
Large igneous provinces and mass extinctions: An update
... correlation with mass volcanism: the Frasnian-Famennian (Late Devonian), Capitanian (Middle Permian), end-Permian, end-Triassic, and Toarcian (Early Jurassic) extinctions. It is clear that there is no direct correlation between total volume of lava and extinction magnitude because there is always su ...
... correlation with mass volcanism: the Frasnian-Famennian (Late Devonian), Capitanian (Middle Permian), end-Permian, end-Triassic, and Toarcian (Early Jurassic) extinctions. It is clear that there is no direct correlation between total volume of lava and extinction magnitude because there is always su ...
Second
U.S.
Ocean
Acidification
Principal
Investigators'
Meeting
Gallaudet
University's
Kellogg
Conference
Center,
Washington,
DC
... estimated $1.9 trillion per year. Their high rates of carbon assimilation may reduce local pCO2 levels by >50% during daytime. As a result seagrasses sequester “blue carbon”, storing as much as 19.9 Pg of organic carbon in the form of anaerobic, organic‐rich loams. They are responsible for an ...
... estimated $1.9 trillion per year. Their high rates of carbon assimilation may reduce local pCO2 levels by >50% during daytime. As a result seagrasses sequester “blue carbon”, storing as much as 19.9 Pg of organic carbon in the form of anaerobic, organic‐rich loams. They are responsible for an ...
BIG SCIENCE - Ocean Networks Canada
... What the Blob is telling us about ocean warming. In the fall of 2012, a season or two before the Blob showed up, the Arctic Ocean had the lowest summer sea ice extent on record. Because of the open water, a significant amount of heat was released into the atmosphere that weakened the polar vortex a ...
... What the Blob is telling us about ocean warming. In the fall of 2012, a season or two before the Blob showed up, the Arctic Ocean had the lowest summer sea ice extent on record. Because of the open water, a significant amount of heat was released into the atmosphere that weakened the polar vortex a ...
Plate Tectonics: A Paradigm Under Threat
... the movement of lithospheric plates over long distances, as single rigid bodies, is hardly possible. Moreover, if we take into account the absence of the asthenosphere as a single continuous zone, then this movement seems utterly impossible.” She states that this is further confirmed by the strong e ...
... the movement of lithospheric plates over long distances, as single rigid bodies, is hardly possible. Moreover, if we take into account the absence of the asthenosphere as a single continuous zone, then this movement seems utterly impossible.” She states that this is further confirmed by the strong e ...
Lytic viral infection of bacterioplankton in deep
... Y. Li et al.: Lytic viral infection of bacterioplankton in deep waters the dark at in situ temperature setup with dry bath incubators (MK-20, Hangzhou Allsheng, China), the samples were fixed and then filtered onto 0.22- µm-pore-size cellulose nitrate filters (Millipore). Later, analysis was perfor ...
... Y. Li et al.: Lytic viral infection of bacterioplankton in deep waters the dark at in situ temperature setup with dry bath incubators (MK-20, Hangzhou Allsheng, China), the samples were fixed and then filtered onto 0.22- µm-pore-size cellulose nitrate filters (Millipore). Later, analysis was perfor ...
PLATE TECTONICS - Part II
... 2) Terranes become accreted due to their buoyancy, and resist going down a subduction zone. 3) In many cases, an accretion event will chock a subduction zone, causing subduction to cease, or to jump to another location in the ocean. ...
... 2) Terranes become accreted due to their buoyancy, and resist going down a subduction zone. 3) In many cases, an accretion event will chock a subduction zone, causing subduction to cease, or to jump to another location in the ocean. ...
2013 - MBARI
... unchangeable throughout Earth’s recent history, human activities, particularly fossil fuel emissions, are causing pervasive changes in ocean conditions far larger and more rapid than have occurred over the past 25 million years. The massive and increasing release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere ...
... unchangeable throughout Earth’s recent history, human activities, particularly fossil fuel emissions, are causing pervasive changes in ocean conditions far larger and more rapid than have occurred over the past 25 million years. The massive and increasing release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere ...
Gabbro
... It is often stated that Earth's oceanic crust is made-up of basalt. The word "basalt" is used because the rocks of the oceanic crust have a "basaltic" composition. However; only a thin surface veneer of oceanic crust is basalt. The deeper rocks of the oceanic crust are generally coarser-grained gabb ...
... It is often stated that Earth's oceanic crust is made-up of basalt. The word "basalt" is used because the rocks of the oceanic crust have a "basaltic" composition. However; only a thin surface veneer of oceanic crust is basalt. The deeper rocks of the oceanic crust are generally coarser-grained gabb ...
Subduction-zone metamorphism, calc-alkaline - U
... as evident from the fact that quartzofeldspathic nappes are now exposed at the Earth's surface. HP–UHP belts worldwide consist dominantly of such low-aggregate-density lithologies. Thus, attending Pacific-type subduction of a largely sedimentary mélange, devolatilization and increased ductility cause ...
... as evident from the fact that quartzofeldspathic nappes are now exposed at the Earth's surface. HP–UHP belts worldwide consist dominantly of such low-aggregate-density lithologies. Thus, attending Pacific-type subduction of a largely sedimentary mélange, devolatilization and increased ductility cause ...
Appendices - Mattson Creighton
... 1. A precipitate is an insoluble solid substance that is formed from an aqueous solution. Usually, precipitates are noticed as a cloudiness in the solution or as suspended particles. Eventually they settle to the bottom. 2. Limewater is a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2(aq) 3. Carbo ...
... 1. A precipitate is an insoluble solid substance that is formed from an aqueous solution. Usually, precipitates are noticed as a cloudiness in the solution or as suspended particles. Eventually they settle to the bottom. 2. Limewater is a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2(aq) 3. Carbo ...
Ocean acidification in the Arabian Sea and the Red - BORA
... year 1765, 1995, 2040, and 2100, based on the modeling result of Orr et al. (2005) and a Business-As-Usual CO2 emissions scenario, Figure extract from Kleypas et al. (2006). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ...
... year 1765, 1995, 2040, and 2100, based on the modeling result of Orr et al. (2005) and a Business-As-Usual CO2 emissions scenario, Figure extract from Kleypas et al. (2006). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ...
Deep ocean ventilation, carbon isotopes, marine sedimentation and
... driven by shifts in organic matter accumulation on shallow shelves as sea level rises and falls. Atmospheric pCO2 would be reduced during glacial times through increased biological productivity promoted by an enhanced whole-ocean nutrient inventory. Paleo-data have revealed, however, that several pr ...
... driven by shifts in organic matter accumulation on shallow shelves as sea level rises and falls. Atmospheric pCO2 would be reduced during glacial times through increased biological productivity promoted by an enhanced whole-ocean nutrient inventory. Paleo-data have revealed, however, that several pr ...
Faber, Samantha_Saxitoxin and the induction of paralytic shellfish
... Nixon, 1995). Since increased nutrient loading stimulates accelerated phytoplankton production, anthropogenic eutrophication can be associated with the rise in toxic blooms incidents. Nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous, are introduced into the environment through atmospheric deposition by no ...
... Nixon, 1995). Since increased nutrient loading stimulates accelerated phytoplankton production, anthropogenic eutrophication can be associated with the rise in toxic blooms incidents. Nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous, are introduced into the environment through atmospheric deposition by no ...
Changes in Marine Prokaryote Composition with Season and Depth
... in dark mesopelagic and deep waters. This subsurface realm dominates the global ocean biome and whereas the Arctic Ocean is the shallowest of the five major oceanic divisions, still its average depth is >1000 m deep. These aphotic zones are characterized by higher pressures, lower temperatures and h ...
... in dark mesopelagic and deep waters. This subsurface realm dominates the global ocean biome and whereas the Arctic Ocean is the shallowest of the five major oceanic divisions, still its average depth is >1000 m deep. These aphotic zones are characterized by higher pressures, lower temperatures and h ...
Hyperextended continental margins—Knowns and
... or less (e.g., Pérez-Gussinyé and Reston, 2001). Off Iberia-Newfoundland and in the Labrador Sea, fully exhumed serpentinized mantle forms 50–100 km belts between the hyperextended basins and (“Penrose”) oceanic crust with linear magnetic anomalies (Fig. 1). The Iberian and Newfoundland conjugate ma ...
... or less (e.g., Pérez-Gussinyé and Reston, 2001). Off Iberia-Newfoundland and in the Labrador Sea, fully exhumed serpentinized mantle forms 50–100 km belts between the hyperextended basins and (“Penrose”) oceanic crust with linear magnetic anomalies (Fig. 1). The Iberian and Newfoundland conjugate ma ...
Hyperextended continental margins—Knowns and
... or less (e.g., Pérez-Gussinyé and Reston, 2001). Off Iberia-Newfoundland and in the Labrador Sea, fully exhumed serpentinized mantle forms 50–100 km belts between the hyperextended basins and (“Penrose”) oceanic crust with linear magnetic anomalies (Fig. 1). The Iberian and Newfoundland conjugate ma ...
... or less (e.g., Pérez-Gussinyé and Reston, 2001). Off Iberia-Newfoundland and in the Labrador Sea, fully exhumed serpentinized mantle forms 50–100 km belts between the hyperextended basins and (“Penrose”) oceanic crust with linear magnetic anomalies (Fig. 1). The Iberian and Newfoundland conjugate ma ...
32. mineralogical and oxygen isotopic features of serpentinites
... 4. Finally, calcite precipitated from seawater at temperatures around 10°C in open fractures in the peridotites. No clear evidence for serpentinization at high temperature was found except for the minor occurrence of talc replacing orthopyroxene. In contrast to these results, recent seismic studies ...
... 4. Finally, calcite precipitated from seawater at temperatures around 10°C in open fractures in the peridotites. No clear evidence for serpentinization at high temperature was found except for the minor occurrence of talc replacing orthopyroxene. In contrast to these results, recent seismic studies ...
Rare earth elements and neodymium isotopes in sedimentary
... Lee et al., 2004, Meyers and Ishiwatari, 1993 and Wakeham and Lee, 1989). The organic compounds present in natural waters are generally derived from photosynthetic processes, with the exception of deep-sea extreme environments, such as submarine hydrothermal systems and methane seeps, where organic ...
... Lee et al., 2004, Meyers and Ishiwatari, 1993 and Wakeham and Lee, 1989). The organic compounds present in natural waters are generally derived from photosynthetic processes, with the exception of deep-sea extreme environments, such as submarine hydrothermal systems and methane seeps, where organic ...
GEOTRACES National Reports - Scientific Committee on Oceanic
... emission plumes may increase fractional iron solubility episodically. This indicates that fire emissions are not a major source of soluble iron, but that they may indirectly enhance the solubility of iron derived from mineral dust. An inverse hyperbolic relationship was observed between total iron c ...
... emission plumes may increase fractional iron solubility episodically. This indicates that fire emissions are not a major source of soluble iron, but that they may indirectly enhance the solubility of iron derived from mineral dust. An inverse hyperbolic relationship was observed between total iron c ...
Anoxic event
Oceanic anoxic events or anoxic events (Anoxia conditions) refer to intervals in the Earth's past where portions of oceans become depleted in oxygen (O2) at depths over a large geographic area. During some of these events, euxinia develops - euxinia refers to anoxic waters that contain H2S hydrogen sulfide. Although anoxic events have not happened for millions of years, the geological record shows that they happened many times in the past. Anoxic events coincide with several mass extinctions and may contribute to these events. These mass extinctions include some that geobiologists use as time markers in biostratigraphic dating. It is believed oceanic anoxic events are strongly linked to slowing of ocean circulation, climatic warming and elevated levels of greenhouse gases. Enhanced volcanism (through the release of CO2 and other greenhouse gases) is the proposed central external trigger for the development of these events.