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Initiation of Subduction Zones as a Consequence
... Tonga and Mariana fore-arc peridotites, inferred to represent their respective sub-arc mantle lithospheres, are compositionally highly depleted (low Fe/Mg) and thus physically buoyant relative to abyssal peridotites representing normal oceanic lithosphere (high Fe/Mg) formed at ocean ridges. The obs ...
... Tonga and Mariana fore-arc peridotites, inferred to represent their respective sub-arc mantle lithospheres, are compositionally highly depleted (low Fe/Mg) and thus physically buoyant relative to abyssal peridotites representing normal oceanic lithosphere (high Fe/Mg) formed at ocean ridges. The obs ...
Full text PDF - Geochemical Perspectives
... In reading the pages that follow, Bob Berner’s influence on us, and on this story, will become abundantly obvious. Indeed, without Bob’s inspiration and guidance, this story would be unwritten.” Rob Raiswell and Don Canfield ...
... In reading the pages that follow, Bob Berner’s influence on us, and on this story, will become abundantly obvious. Indeed, without Bob’s inspiration and guidance, this story would be unwritten.” Rob Raiswell and Don Canfield ...
Review of Soundings: The Story of the Remarkable Woman Who Mapped the Ocean Floor by Hali Felt
... and Crick’s discovery of the structure of DNA, but she was largely unheralded and forgotten. Einstein was little more than a footnote in her husband’s biographical story until a 1987 release of his private letters revealed that she was a brilliant and ambitious physicist in her own right. Soundings, ...
... and Crick’s discovery of the structure of DNA, but she was largely unheralded and forgotten. Einstein was little more than a footnote in her husband’s biographical story until a 1987 release of his private letters revealed that she was a brilliant and ambitious physicist in her own right. Soundings, ...
4.3 Variation between the Se concentrations of Ediacaran and early
... Cambrian (rSe-Al=0.36; rSe-Th=0.24) black shales, which suggest that Se were not of detrital provenance. 4.4.2 Effect of hydrothermal fluids Eu is the only rare earth element that can be reduced from Eu3+ to Eu2+ (Brookins, 1989). Positive Eu anomalies in shallow seawater may not reflect the redox s ...
... Cambrian (rSe-Al=0.36; rSe-Th=0.24) black shales, which suggest that Se were not of detrital provenance. 4.4.2 Effect of hydrothermal fluids Eu is the only rare earth element that can be reduced from Eu3+ to Eu2+ (Brookins, 1989). Positive Eu anomalies in shallow seawater may not reflect the redox s ...
22.4 Plate Tectonics
... sink into the mantle in the process of subduction. Subduction zones are near the edges of oceanic plates. As a plate sinks through a subduction zone, it bends, forming a depression in the ocean floor called a trench. ...
... sink into the mantle in the process of subduction. Subduction zones are near the edges of oceanic plates. As a plate sinks through a subduction zone, it bends, forming a depression in the ocean floor called a trench. ...
22.4 Plate Tectonics
... sink into the mantle in the process of subduction. Subduction zones are near the edges of oceanic plates. As a plate sinks through a subduction zone, it bends, forming a depression in the ocean floor called a trench. ...
... sink into the mantle in the process of subduction. Subduction zones are near the edges of oceanic plates. As a plate sinks through a subduction zone, it bends, forming a depression in the ocean floor called a trench. ...
On the origin of El Chichón volcano and subduction of
... solidus, the fluids produced by the deserpentinization of oceanic lithosphere can induce partial melting. Also, oceanic sediments and oceanic crust represent another important fluid reservoir, and their metamorphic changes lead to fluid release into the mantle wedge, which enhance the serpentinization ...
... solidus, the fluids produced by the deserpentinization of oceanic lithosphere can induce partial melting. Also, oceanic sediments and oceanic crust represent another important fluid reservoir, and their metamorphic changes lead to fluid release into the mantle wedge, which enhance the serpentinization ...
Cyanide Destruction with Chlorine Dioxide
... should be considered when levels of oxidizable cyanide are too high to be processed by a biological treatment system. Chlorine dioxide Chlorine dioxide is unique in its ability to be used at moderately basic pH's. All other oxidants require pH's greater than 12. In the case of chlorine this is neces ...
... should be considered when levels of oxidizable cyanide are too high to be processed by a biological treatment system. Chlorine dioxide Chlorine dioxide is unique in its ability to be used at moderately basic pH's. All other oxidants require pH's greater than 12. In the case of chlorine this is neces ...
Shervais, J.W., Significance of Subduction
... Arndt, 2004; Hamilton, 1998), and it is possible for both greenstone belts and TTG suites to form during Hadean convective overturn, prior to the onset of Phanerozoic-style asymmetric subduction. As seen in figure 1, even during thermal convection driven by heating from below, the sinking of previou ...
... Arndt, 2004; Hamilton, 1998), and it is possible for both greenstone belts and TTG suites to form during Hadean convective overturn, prior to the onset of Phanerozoic-style asymmetric subduction. As seen in figure 1, even during thermal convection driven by heating from below, the sinking of previou ...
1 Central Arctic Ocean paleoceanography from ~50 ka to present, 1
... Late Quaternary paleoceanographic changes in the central Arctic Ocean were reconstructed from a multicore and gravity core from the Lomonosov Ridge (Arctic Ocean) collected during the 2014 SWERUS-C3 Expedition. Ostracode assemblages dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) indicate changing sea- ...
... Late Quaternary paleoceanographic changes in the central Arctic Ocean were reconstructed from a multicore and gravity core from the Lomonosov Ridge (Arctic Ocean) collected during the 2014 SWERUS-C3 Expedition. Ostracode assemblages dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) indicate changing sea- ...
Magma Generation (SERC)
... Tholeiites favored by shallower melting 25% melting at <30 km tholeiite 25% melting at 60 km olivine basalt Tholeiites favored by greater % partial melting (F) 20 % melting at 60 km alkaline basalt ...
... Tholeiites favored by shallower melting 25% melting at <30 km tholeiite 25% melting at 60 km olivine basalt Tholeiites favored by greater % partial melting (F) 20 % melting at 60 km alkaline basalt ...
Gernigon, L., O. Olesen, J. Ebbing, S. Wienecke
... Mayen Fracture Zone (JMFZ), west of the Vøring volcanic margin, we investigated the geodynamic framework of the early spreading evolution of the Norwegian–Greenland Sea. The tectonic structure, main faults and magnetic chrons have been reinterpreted based on new magnetic gridded data and integrated ...
... Mayen Fracture Zone (JMFZ), west of the Vøring volcanic margin, we investigated the geodynamic framework of the early spreading evolution of the Norwegian–Greenland Sea. The tectonic structure, main faults and magnetic chrons have been reinterpreted based on new magnetic gridded data and integrated ...
illuminating earth`s
... fundamental problems, as summarized below. Climate and Ocean Change targets one of society’s most pressing questions—how will climate, the ocean, and ice sheets respond to ongoing increases in greenhouse gases? Even at the decadal scale, climate trends are difficult to predict. If, as some say, huma ...
... fundamental problems, as summarized below. Climate and Ocean Change targets one of society’s most pressing questions—how will climate, the ocean, and ice sheets respond to ongoing increases in greenhouse gases? Even at the decadal scale, climate trends are difficult to predict. If, as some say, huma ...
Illuminating Earth`s Past, Present and Future
... fundamental problems, as summarized below. Climate and Ocean Change targets one of society’s most pressing questions—how will climate, the ocean, and ice sheets respond to ongoing increases in greenhouse gases? Even at the decadal scale, climate trends are difficult to predict. If, as some say, huma ...
... fundamental problems, as summarized below. Climate and Ocean Change targets one of society’s most pressing questions—how will climate, the ocean, and ice sheets respond to ongoing increases in greenhouse gases? Even at the decadal scale, climate trends are difficult to predict. If, as some say, huma ...
Ocean Acidification
... acidification and its consequences” as a multinational effort that includes 29 laboratories located in nine European countries. EPOCA research, already underway, aims to monitor ocean acidification and its effects on marine organisms and ecosystems, to identify the risks of continued acidification, ...
... acidification and its consequences” as a multinational effort that includes 29 laboratories located in nine European countries. EPOCA research, already underway, aims to monitor ocean acidification and its effects on marine organisms and ecosystems, to identify the risks of continued acidification, ...
Oxygen and organic carbon fluxes in sediments of the
... POC content as a proxy of paleo-environmental conditions. The objective of our study was to compare POC concentrations, POC mineralization rates calculated from O2 consumption and POC burial rates. Benthic O2 distributions were determined in 58 fine-grained sediment cores collected at different perio ...
... POC content as a proxy of paleo-environmental conditions. The objective of our study was to compare POC concentrations, POC mineralization rates calculated from O2 consumption and POC burial rates. Benthic O2 distributions were determined in 58 fine-grained sediment cores collected at different perio ...
Gorringe Ridge gravity and magnetic anomalies
... southward and northward vergence and an anomalous mantle located below the ridge, leads to an increase in the Moho depth to approximately 17 km. The magnetic field is characterized by local high-intensity shortperiod anomalies, with a span of up to 600 nT and horizontal gradients of more than 100 nT ...
... southward and northward vergence and an anomalous mantle located below the ridge, leads to an increase in the Moho depth to approximately 17 km. The magnetic field is characterized by local high-intensity shortperiod anomalies, with a span of up to 600 nT and horizontal gradients of more than 100 nT ...
From Single Species to the Community Level: Exploring
... starved prey for one bacterial strain, to unpalatability and adverse effects on protist development for another. The results obtained confirm that carbon‐starved bacteria can show a decreased vulnerability to protist grazing, but the response is highly species‐ sp ...
... starved prey for one bacterial strain, to unpalatability and adverse effects on protist development for another. The results obtained confirm that carbon‐starved bacteria can show a decreased vulnerability to protist grazing, but the response is highly species‐ sp ...
Plate Tectonics
... The western seaboard of South America, with a deep ocean trench and the Andes Mountains, is an example of a continental plate-oceanic plate boundary. ...
... The western seaboard of South America, with a deep ocean trench and the Andes Mountains, is an example of a continental plate-oceanic plate boundary. ...
spatial gaps in arc volcanism: the effect of collision or subduction of
... ’ Age of the oceanic plateau where known or reasonably ...
... ’ Age of the oceanic plateau where known or reasonably ...
Evolution of young oceanic lithosphere and the meaning of seafloor
... Abstract Plate tectonics, a special class of mantle convection so far observed only on the Earth, is responsible for a vast array of geological processes, from the generation of continental crust to the modulation of atmospheric composition. Whereas conditions for its operation are still debated, th ...
... Abstract Plate tectonics, a special class of mantle convection so far observed only on the Earth, is responsible for a vast array of geological processes, from the generation of continental crust to the modulation of atmospheric composition. Whereas conditions for its operation are still debated, th ...
A proposed biogeography of the deep ocean floor
... three regions, six subregions, and eight provinces (Fig. 3). Vinogradova (1997), after reviewing the known deep-sea faunal studies, suggested there were three major schools of thought regarding deep-sea zoogeographic patterns: (1) the bottom fauna should be very widespread because of the lack of eco ...
... three regions, six subregions, and eight provinces (Fig. 3). Vinogradova (1997), after reviewing the known deep-sea faunal studies, suggested there were three major schools of thought regarding deep-sea zoogeographic patterns: (1) the bottom fauna should be very widespread because of the lack of eco ...
Anoxic event
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aquatic_Dead_Zones.jpg?width=300)
Oceanic anoxic events or anoxic events (Anoxia conditions) refer to intervals in the Earth's past where portions of oceans become depleted in oxygen (O2) at depths over a large geographic area. During some of these events, euxinia develops - euxinia refers to anoxic waters that contain H2S hydrogen sulfide. Although anoxic events have not happened for millions of years, the geological record shows that they happened many times in the past. Anoxic events coincide with several mass extinctions and may contribute to these events. These mass extinctions include some that geobiologists use as time markers in biostratigraphic dating. It is believed oceanic anoxic events are strongly linked to slowing of ocean circulation, climatic warming and elevated levels of greenhouse gases. Enhanced volcanism (through the release of CO2 and other greenhouse gases) is the proposed central external trigger for the development of these events.