Ocean Currents and Their Impact on Marine Life
... total because upwelling areas represent only 0.1% of the surface ocean. Because production in upwelling areas is enhanced mainly by the transport of allocthonous, nutrients, production in these systems in mostly new production, as opposed to the open ocean, where production is driven mainly by local ...
... total because upwelling areas represent only 0.1% of the surface ocean. Because production in upwelling areas is enhanced mainly by the transport of allocthonous, nutrients, production in these systems in mostly new production, as opposed to the open ocean, where production is driven mainly by local ...
Chapter 25 Marine Debris
... entanglement for pinnipeds (seals and related genera), cetaceans, turtles, sharks, sirenia (dugongs and related genera) and birds (WSPA, 2012). The effects range from immediate mortality through drowning to progressive debilitation over a period of months or years (Laist, 1997). Pinniped entangleme ...
... entanglement for pinnipeds (seals and related genera), cetaceans, turtles, sharks, sirenia (dugongs and related genera) and birds (WSPA, 2012). The effects range from immediate mortality through drowning to progressive debilitation over a period of months or years (Laist, 1997). Pinniped entangleme ...
A new imperative for improving management of large marine
... A legacy of over-fishing, destruction of coastal habitats, and accelerated pollution loading has dramatically reduced biomass and diversity of the coastal oceans to the point that ecosystems are being degraded, national economic benefits from marine systems are falling, and poor communities depending ...
... A legacy of over-fishing, destruction of coastal habitats, and accelerated pollution loading has dramatically reduced biomass and diversity of the coastal oceans to the point that ecosystems are being degraded, national economic benefits from marine systems are falling, and poor communities depending ...
Marine Protected Areas Briefing Paper No 8/08
... The way we use the sea and its living resources clearly affects the marine environment. Threats to the marine environment include coastal development, introduction of invasive species, fisheries, pollution, and climate change. The proportion of NSW coast that has been developed increased by over 4% ...
... The way we use the sea and its living resources clearly affects the marine environment. Threats to the marine environment include coastal development, introduction of invasive species, fisheries, pollution, and climate change. The proportion of NSW coast that has been developed increased by over 4% ...
Marine Spatial Planning in Asia and the Caribbean
... introduced to the regions in the late 1980s as a process by which rational decisions are made concerning the conservation and sustainable use of coastal resources and space (Cincin-Sain & Knecht, 1998). The process is designed to overcome the fragmentation inherent in single-sector management approa ...
... introduced to the regions in the late 1980s as a process by which rational decisions are made concerning the conservation and sustainable use of coastal resources and space (Cincin-Sain & Knecht, 1998). The process is designed to overcome the fragmentation inherent in single-sector management approa ...
Courses PDF - Stony Brook University
... motion of, and forces that drive the movement of fluids (air and water) on the earth. Physical oceanographic processes that range in scale from several mm to 1000s of km will be studied. This course will introduce the student to the physics of the marine environment and the tools (physical, mathemat ...
... motion of, and forces that drive the movement of fluids (air and water) on the earth. Physical oceanographic processes that range in scale from several mm to 1000s of km will be studied. This course will introduce the student to the physics of the marine environment and the tools (physical, mathemat ...
English
... that the Area comes under the jurisdiction of two newly established regimes are important and propitious in being able to successfully develop an international regime. However, they are factors that will not persist for very long. On the other hand, there is a danger that attempts to develop such a ...
... that the Area comes under the jurisdiction of two newly established regimes are important and propitious in being able to successfully develop an international regime. However, they are factors that will not persist for very long. On the other hand, there is a danger that attempts to develop such a ...
Protecting Marine Spaces
... World-wide efforts at marine conservation were given a clearer framework within the formulation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).3 This Convention called for a broad ecosystem approach to conservation, and while protected areas were described as one important means to achieve conserva ...
... World-wide efforts at marine conservation were given a clearer framework within the formulation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).3 This Convention called for a broad ecosystem approach to conservation, and while protected areas were described as one important means to achieve conserva ...
Annex I. UNEA Resolution 1/6 Marine plastic debris and microplastics
... 8. Emphasizes that further urgent action is needed to address the challenges posed by marine plastic debris and microplastics, by addressing such materials at source, by reducing pollution through improved waste management practices and by cleaning up existing debris and litter; 9. Welcomes the esta ...
... 8. Emphasizes that further urgent action is needed to address the challenges posed by marine plastic debris and microplastics, by addressing such materials at source, by reducing pollution through improved waste management practices and by cleaning up existing debris and litter; 9. Welcomes the esta ...
Marine Compounds and their Antimicrobial Activities
... secondary metabolites discovered in marine sponges and the complexity of the compounds and their biosynthetic pathways can be regarded as an indication of their importance for survival. As infectious microorganisms evolve and develop resistance to existing pharmaceuticals, marine sponges provide nov ...
... secondary metabolites discovered in marine sponges and the complexity of the compounds and their biosynthetic pathways can be regarded as an indication of their importance for survival. As infectious microorganisms evolve and develop resistance to existing pharmaceuticals, marine sponges provide nov ...
Global Distribution, Composition and Abundance of Marine Litter
... increased over recent decades. Initially described in the marine environment in the 1960s, marine litter is nowadays commonly observed across all oceans (Ryan 2015). Together with its breakdown products, meso-particles (5–2.5 cm) and micro-particles (<5 mm), they have become more numerous and floati ...
... increased over recent decades. Initially described in the marine environment in the 1960s, marine litter is nowadays commonly observed across all oceans (Ryan 2015). Together with its breakdown products, meso-particles (5–2.5 cm) and micro-particles (<5 mm), they have become more numerous and floati ...
Macrozoobenthos
... and eulittoral stations, in addition to which the annual BfG stations are used (estuary monitoring). High Sea/EEZ - IOW on behalf of BSH The monitoring network for the EEZin the North Sea encompasses 12 stations, which are sampled by IOW each year in spring and autumn. As many benthic communities as ...
... and eulittoral stations, in addition to which the annual BfG stations are used (estuary monitoring). High Sea/EEZ - IOW on behalf of BSH The monitoring network for the EEZin the North Sea encompasses 12 stations, which are sampled by IOW each year in spring and autumn. As many benthic communities as ...
Marine Protected Areas: Classification, Protection Standard and
... area and how they contribute to the associated ecological system. There are also considerable problems with compliance when setting catch limits at small spatial scales. Because of these difficulties, fishing methods have been used as a proxy for extraction from potential MPAs. ...
... area and how they contribute to the associated ecological system. There are also considerable problems with compliance when setting catch limits at small spatial scales. Because of these difficulties, fishing methods have been used as a proxy for extraction from potential MPAs. ...
Review on hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) involved in
... The severity of a spill impact depends on several environmental variables, such as, the location of the spill, weather conditions, properties of the hazardous substances transported, and ways such substances are packaged and stowed. HNS spills are different from oil spills, given the wide variety of ...
... The severity of a spill impact depends on several environmental variables, such as, the location of the spill, weather conditions, properties of the hazardous substances transported, and ways such substances are packaged and stowed. HNS spills are different from oil spills, given the wide variety of ...
Title The Marine Strategy Framework Directive: A new
... legislative history, conceptual approach, structure and content of the Directive, as well as some of its unique regulatory features are discussed here. This article concludes that the Directive is primarily focused on harmonising the regulatory and administrative activities of the Member States and ...
... legislative history, conceptual approach, structure and content of the Directive, as well as some of its unique regulatory features are discussed here. This article concludes that the Directive is primarily focused on harmonising the regulatory and administrative activities of the Member States and ...
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING (MSP
... ecosystem(s). Different zones accommodate different uses, or different levels of use. [...] All zoning plans are portrayed on maps, since the regulations are always areabased.”11 It is important to recognize that MSP is not equal to zoning. Zoning is only one tool that can be used within the MSP pro ...
... ecosystem(s). Different zones accommodate different uses, or different levels of use. [...] All zoning plans are portrayed on maps, since the regulations are always areabased.”11 It is important to recognize that MSP is not equal to zoning. Zoning is only one tool that can be used within the MSP pro ...
Title The Marine Strategy Framework Directive: A new European
... legislative history, conceptual approach, structure and content of the Directive, as well as some of its unique regulatory features are discussed here. This article concludes that the Directive is primarily focused on harmonising the regulatory and administrative activities of the Member States and ...
... legislative history, conceptual approach, structure and content of the Directive, as well as some of its unique regulatory features are discussed here. This article concludes that the Directive is primarily focused on harmonising the regulatory and administrative activities of the Member States and ...
Title The Marine Strategy Framework Directive: A new European
... legislative history, conceptual approach, structure and content of the Directive, as well as some of its unique regulatory features are discussed here. This article concludes that the Directive is primarily focused on harmonising the regulatory and administrative activities of the Member States and ...
... legislative history, conceptual approach, structure and content of the Directive, as well as some of its unique regulatory features are discussed here. This article concludes that the Directive is primarily focused on harmonising the regulatory and administrative activities of the Member States and ...
Word - International Association for Biological Oceanography
... provide a world-wide forum for the scientific discussions of biological oceanography. The Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research were approached for support and advice and finally it was proposed that the best approach would be to ask the International Union of Biological Sciences to assist in the ...
... provide a world-wide forum for the scientific discussions of biological oceanography. The Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research were approached for support and advice and finally it was proposed that the best approach would be to ask the International Union of Biological Sciences to assist in the ...
Scuba diving and marine conservation
... marine conservation is being recognized, yet, there appears no apparent understanding of the influences and motivations on participants to be involved with volunteer marine conservation. Once a commitment to volunteer is made, Blackman and Benson (2010) suggest a psychological contract exists betwee ...
... marine conservation is being recognized, yet, there appears no apparent understanding of the influences and motivations on participants to be involved with volunteer marine conservation. Once a commitment to volunteer is made, Blackman and Benson (2010) suggest a psychological contract exists betwee ...
Marine ecosystems and the role of marine protected areas as
... Similarly, mangrove ecosystems protect the coast from erosion, storm surges, and strong winds such as tsunamis in volcanic active regions. They maintain water quality by trapping silt from rivers and filtering out pollutants (buffer zone). Mangroves are rich habitats for animals and plants species s ...
... Similarly, mangrove ecosystems protect the coast from erosion, storm surges, and strong winds such as tsunamis in volcanic active regions. They maintain water quality by trapping silt from rivers and filtering out pollutants (buffer zone). Mangroves are rich habitats for animals and plants species s ...
State of the Environment | South Australia | 2013
... fisheries and aquaculture, shipping and transportation, coastal agriculture, mining, manufacturing, science and education. Fishing (both commercial and recreational) and aquaculture (tuna, oysters, mussels, abalone, freshwater and marine finfish, marron, yabbies and others) have become increasingly ...
... fisheries and aquaculture, shipping and transportation, coastal agriculture, mining, manufacturing, science and education. Fishing (both commercial and recreational) and aquaculture (tuna, oysters, mussels, abalone, freshwater and marine finfish, marron, yabbies and others) have become increasingly ...
Safeguarding the Health of Oceans
... commercial use. Many governments, trade groups, and companies still cling to this frontier mindset today. Recently, however, policymakers have begun to address some of the urgent problems facing oceans. And the national authorities and international groups that originally focused on promoting develo ...
... commercial use. Many governments, trade groups, and companies still cling to this frontier mindset today. Recently, however, policymakers have begun to address some of the urgent problems facing oceans. And the national authorities and international groups that originally focused on promoting develo ...
Name of the Region: Wider Caribbean - ICMyL
... within the region as well as by foreign nations. According to a study by the the Association of Cultural Studies of the University of the Western Indies (ACS/UWI) the regional fishery provides over 504913 jobs and over 7% of total protein consumption, and has an income of over $1 billion USD in expo ...
... within the region as well as by foreign nations. According to a study by the the Association of Cultural Studies of the University of the Western Indies (ACS/UWI) the regional fishery provides over 504913 jobs and over 7% of total protein consumption, and has an income of over $1 billion USD in expo ...
2018–2021 strategic plan - Alaska Sea Grant
... The Alaska Sea Grant College Program, one of 33 Sea Grant programs nationwide, is a statewide program headquartered at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Our mission is to enhance the wise use and conservation of Alaska’s marine, coastal, and watershed resources, through research, education, and ex ...
... The Alaska Sea Grant College Program, one of 33 Sea Grant programs nationwide, is a statewide program headquartered at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Our mission is to enhance the wise use and conservation of Alaska’s marine, coastal, and watershed resources, through research, education, and ex ...
Marine art
Marine art or maritime art is any form of figurative art (that is, painting, drawing, printmaking and sculpture) that portrays or draws its main inspiration from the sea. Maritime painting is a genre that depicts ships and the sea—a genre particularly strong from the 17th to 19th centuries. In practice the term often covers art showing shipping on rivers and estuaries, beach scenes and all art showing boats, without any rigid distinction - for practical reasons subjects that can be drawn or painted from dry land in fact feature strongly in the genre. Strictly speaking ""maritime art"" should always include some element of human seafaring, whereas ""marine art"" would also include pure seascapes with no human element, though this distinction may not be observed in practice.Ships and boats have been included in art from almost the earliest times, but marine art only began to become a distinct genre, with specialized artists, towards the end of the Middle Ages, mostly in the form of the ""ship portrait"" a type of work that is still popular and concentrates on depicting a single vessel. As landscape art emerged during the Renaissance, what might be called the marine landscape became a more important element in works, but pure seascapes were rare until later. Marine painting was a major genre within Dutch Golden Age painting, reflecting the importance of overseas trade and naval power to the Dutch Republic, and saw the first career marine artists, who painted little else. In this, as in much else, specialist and traditional marine painting has largely continued Dutch conventions to the present day. With Romantic art, the sea and the coast was reclaimed from the specialists by many landscape painters, and works including no vessels became common for the first time.