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Marine Science Textbook - Dakota State University
... Introduction: Classifying Marine Animals—Primitive to Complex ............... 325 Invertebrates: Well Adapted to Their Habitats .................................................. 325 Porifera: Phylum of the Ancient and Primitive ................................................. 327 Cnidaria: Stinger ...
... Introduction: Classifying Marine Animals—Primitive to Complex ............... 325 Invertebrates: Well Adapted to Their Habitats .................................................. 325 Porifera: Phylum of the Ancient and Primitive ................................................. 327 Cnidaria: Stinger ...
rctic methane (CH4) hydrate exists on land beneath permafrost
... Methane hydrate – also called methane clathrate – would remain stable in the form of frozen methane without major changes in climate that involves a temperature increase. However, with the major projected warming trend that is underway in the Arctic regions and particularly evident in sea-ice meltin ...
... Methane hydrate – also called methane clathrate – would remain stable in the form of frozen methane without major changes in climate that involves a temperature increase. However, with the major projected warming trend that is underway in the Arctic regions and particularly evident in sea-ice meltin ...
ocean acidification resulting from
... In 2004 OSPAR convention for the protection of the marine environment of the north east atlantic noted the report from the Group of Jurists and Linguists (JL) on placement of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the OSPAR maritime area (OIC 04/11/1). As a follow up to this report, it was identified that further ...
... In 2004 OSPAR convention for the protection of the marine environment of the north east atlantic noted the report from the Group of Jurists and Linguists (JL) on placement of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the OSPAR maritime area (OIC 04/11/1). As a follow up to this report, it was identified that further ...
A proposed biogeography of the deep ocean floor
... provinces was initially hypothesized using oceanographic proxies, and examined with documented locations of select benthic marine species. These biogeographic provinces were first developed in 2009 via an expert consultation workshop to delineate biogeographic provinces in offshore regions – the Glob ...
... provinces was initially hypothesized using oceanographic proxies, and examined with documented locations of select benthic marine species. These biogeographic provinces were first developed in 2009 via an expert consultation workshop to delineate biogeographic provinces in offshore regions – the Glob ...
Insight into the ecology of aquatic Archaea
... methanogens and originally contained only representative organisms isolated from environments considered as extreme by humans, with high temperatures, very high salt concentrations or without oxygen. They were later defined as a new domain of life, containing two main kingdoms later named the two ph ...
... methanogens and originally contained only representative organisms isolated from environments considered as extreme by humans, with high temperatures, very high salt concentrations or without oxygen. They were later defined as a new domain of life, containing two main kingdoms later named the two ph ...
Present and Future Impacts of Ocean Acidification Report of the
... Each of these research strategies involves a mix of field observations and perturbation experiments to investigate the impacts of ocean acidification on key ecosystem processes and organisms. Discussion went beyond calcification and calcium carbonate dissolution to include the effects of ocean acidi ...
... Each of these research strategies involves a mix of field observations and perturbation experiments to investigate the impacts of ocean acidification on key ecosystem processes and organisms. Discussion went beyond calcification and calcium carbonate dissolution to include the effects of ocean acidi ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 501:53
... organic matter (POM) plays an important role in the bathymetric zonation of benthic fauna, which influences species composition and abundance (Hessler & Jumars 1974, Wei et al. 2010). The sPOM collected from shallower depths (< 200 m) in the central SCS is predominantly of marine origin (Liu et al. ...
... organic matter (POM) plays an important role in the bathymetric zonation of benthic fauna, which influences species composition and abundance (Hessler & Jumars 1974, Wei et al. 2010). The sPOM collected from shallower depths (< 200 m) in the central SCS is predominantly of marine origin (Liu et al. ...
Furtive foes: algal viruses as potential invaders
... After introduction, successful viral invasions require access to a suitable host population because they cannot reproduce outside their host. The geographical range of potential host algae and the host range of the introduced virus are important for assessing the potential for invasion success. Theo ...
... After introduction, successful viral invasions require access to a suitable host population because they cannot reproduce outside their host. The geographical range of potential host algae and the host range of the introduced virus are important for assessing the potential for invasion success. Theo ...
2018–2021 strategic plan - Alaska Sea Grant
... human interactions. Humans are a part of Alaska’s coastal ecosystems, using seasonally abundant resources to meet subsistence, cultural, and economic needs. Many Alaskans have a deep knowledge and engagement with their natural surroundings. Alaska’s marine ecosystems are facing unprecedented challen ...
... human interactions. Humans are a part of Alaska’s coastal ecosystems, using seasonally abundant resources to meet subsistence, cultural, and economic needs. Many Alaskans have a deep knowledge and engagement with their natural surroundings. Alaska’s marine ecosystems are facing unprecedented challen ...
Marine Compounds and their Antimicrobial Activities
... Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain Natural products have been regarded as important sources that could produce potential chemotherapeutic agents. In the search for new bioactive entities, investigations were expand ...
... Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain Natural products have been regarded as important sources that could produce potential chemotherapeutic agents. In the search for new bioactive entities, investigations were expand ...
Presentations - Centre for Marine Biodiversity
... Sanganeb atoll which has already been declared as a marine park of international heritage. These luxurious reefs being in the warm and clear Red Sea water are excellent potentials for tourism activity. They include 32 marine species. Marine applications of GIS are an important way to manage large am ...
... Sanganeb atoll which has already been declared as a marine park of international heritage. These luxurious reefs being in the warm and clear Red Sea water are excellent potentials for tourism activity. They include 32 marine species. Marine applications of GIS are an important way to manage large am ...
1 - University of Western Cape
... The coastal area covers less than 15% of the Earth's land surface, with the inhabited coastal areas covering less than 10% of the Earth’s land surface, yet more than 60% of the world's population are found here (Chua 1993, Olsen et al. 1997, Cicin-Sain & Knecht 1998). The high coastal population den ...
... The coastal area covers less than 15% of the Earth's land surface, with the inhabited coastal areas covering less than 10% of the Earth’s land surface, yet more than 60% of the world's population are found here (Chua 1993, Olsen et al. 1997, Cicin-Sain & Knecht 1998). The high coastal population den ...
Anaerobic bacteria in the sediment oxidaze methane present in the
... and worms, serve to gap that boundary to provide everything necessary to their symbiotic bacteria. Anaerobic bacteria are found where they can oxidise the methane present in the sediment. Simultaneously sulfate rich water diffuses into the surrounding sediments and is also used by the same group of ...
... and worms, serve to gap that boundary to provide everything necessary to their symbiotic bacteria. Anaerobic bacteria are found where they can oxidise the methane present in the sediment. Simultaneously sulfate rich water diffuses into the surrounding sediments and is also used by the same group of ...
Impacts of 2009 Typhoons on Seawater Properties and Top Layer
... Passing over the ocean surface, typhoon absorbs heat from the sea water as it needs the heat as its ‘fuel’. The process is via evaporation of water. Subsequently, the sea surface temperature (SST) in that area will significantly decrease. Due to strong typhoon wind water is evaporated from the surfa ...
... Passing over the ocean surface, typhoon absorbs heat from the sea water as it needs the heat as its ‘fuel’. The process is via evaporation of water. Subsequently, the sea surface temperature (SST) in that area will significantly decrease. Due to strong typhoon wind water is evaporated from the surfa ...
Iodine Isotopes and their Species in Surface Water from the
... human daily diet have evoked enormous attentions to this element. In addition, recent studies on atmospheric chemistry showed that iodine plays a significant role in the depletion of ozone and in aerosol particles for cloud nucleation, which in turn have a direct impact on global climate change (Sol ...
... human daily diet have evoked enormous attentions to this element. In addition, recent studies on atmospheric chemistry showed that iodine plays a significant role in the depletion of ozone and in aerosol particles for cloud nucleation, which in turn have a direct impact on global climate change (Sol ...
1. Research vessels and related equipment 1.1 Research vessels
... (Research Center Ocean Margins Bremen). This electronically driven system is primarily distinguished by its relatively small size compared to its significantly large load capacity (60 kg). Thus, the big advantage is that it can be deployed by a high number of research vessels. It is equipped with se ...
... (Research Center Ocean Margins Bremen). This electronically driven system is primarily distinguished by its relatively small size compared to its significantly large load capacity (60 kg). Thus, the big advantage is that it can be deployed by a high number of research vessels. It is equipped with se ...
- NERC Open Research Archive
... latitudes trends are strong but variability tends to be smaller than at high latitudes, and ...
... latitudes trends are strong but variability tends to be smaller than at high latitudes, and ...
Nitrogen cycle
... is performed by two different bacteria (nitrifying bacteria). The first step is done by bacteria of (amongst others) the genus Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus The second step (oxidation of nitrite into nitrate) is (mainly) done by bacteria of the genus Nitrobacter All organisms are autotrophs, which ...
... is performed by two different bacteria (nitrifying bacteria). The first step is done by bacteria of (amongst others) the genus Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus The second step (oxidation of nitrite into nitrate) is (mainly) done by bacteria of the genus Nitrobacter All organisms are autotrophs, which ...
The convergence of Integrated Coastal Zone Management and the
... sustainability must be intergenerational [29,9]. Any irreversible damage of human origin represents an unacceptable alternative [20]. The pattern of permanent reductions in ecosystem capacity, if left unbridled, was robbing and would continue to rob society of the ability to sustain a living for its ...
... sustainability must be intergenerational [29,9]. Any irreversible damage of human origin represents an unacceptable alternative [20]. The pattern of permanent reductions in ecosystem capacity, if left unbridled, was robbing and would continue to rob society of the ability to sustain a living for its ...
MaRine HabitatS and CoMMunitieS
... and resources that organisms need to survive. The offshore marine habitats of the Scotian Shelf fall into two broad categories: the water column and benthic habitats. Within these habitats live groups of organisms known as ‘communities’ that interact with each other while sharing a similar environme ...
... and resources that organisms need to survive. The offshore marine habitats of the Scotian Shelf fall into two broad categories: the water column and benthic habitats. Within these habitats live groups of organisms known as ‘communities’ that interact with each other while sharing a similar environme ...
g104_class16_ENSO
... • late 1800s Fishermen name El Niño to the periodic warm waters that appear off the coasts of Peru and Ecuador around Christmas. • 1928 Gilbert Walker describes the Southern Oscillation. • 1957 A large El Niño is observed which affects not just the coasts of Peru and Ecuador but the entire Pacific O ...
... • late 1800s Fishermen name El Niño to the periodic warm waters that appear off the coasts of Peru and Ecuador around Christmas. • 1928 Gilbert Walker describes the Southern Oscillation. • 1957 A large El Niño is observed which affects not just the coasts of Peru and Ecuador but the entire Pacific O ...
JOINT GLOBAL OCEAN FLUX STUDY
... regional models with complex mixed-layer dynamics and detailed ecosystem feedback loops that can explicitly simulate physical transport phenomena and the development of blooms on small space and time scales. It also includes a number of global models with medium resolution that are used to calculate ...
... regional models with complex mixed-layer dynamics and detailed ecosystem feedback loops that can explicitly simulate physical transport phenomena and the development of blooms on small space and time scales. It also includes a number of global models with medium resolution that are used to calculate ...
GLOBAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE
... other reservoirs, particularly the oceans, can be dominated by nonlinear chemistry within these other reservoirs. A number of prior studies have addressed various aspects of the problem of anthropogenic perturbations of the natural carbon cycle including the work of Bolin and Eriksson (1959) Bolin a ...
... other reservoirs, particularly the oceans, can be dominated by nonlinear chemistry within these other reservoirs. A number of prior studies have addressed various aspects of the problem of anthropogenic perturbations of the natural carbon cycle including the work of Bolin and Eriksson (1959) Bolin a ...
Marine Governance in the Mediterranean Sea
... diverted interest away from mineral to biogenetic resources and in the political domain it has culminated in the most far-reaching overhaul of the coding of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) with the beginning of an era of new maritime powers (the emerging economies). In this new scenario, the Mediterrane ...
... diverted interest away from mineral to biogenetic resources and in the political domain it has culminated in the most far-reaching overhaul of the coding of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) with the beginning of an era of new maritime powers (the emerging economies). In this new scenario, the Mediterrane ...
Eastern Caribbean Regional Ocean Policy
... The most pressing rationale for a focus on governance at the regional scale lies in the many transboundary oceanographic and ecological linkages within the Wider Caribbean. With many marine resources being shared, it can be expected that there will be emphasis on transboundary or shared resources wh ...
... The most pressing rationale for a focus on governance at the regional scale lies in the many transboundary oceanographic and ecological linkages within the Wider Caribbean. With many marine resources being shared, it can be expected that there will be emphasis on transboundary or shared resources wh ...
Marine pollution
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Obvious_water_pollution.jpeg?width=300)
Marine pollution occurs when harmful, or potentially harmful, effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Most sources of marine pollution are land based. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.Many potentially toxic chemicals adhere to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton and benthos animals, most of which are either deposit or filter feeders. In this way, the toxins are concentrated upward within ocean food chains. Many particles combine chemically in a manner highly depletive of oxygen, causing estuaries to become anoxic.When pesticides are incorporated into the marine ecosystem, they quickly become absorbed into marine food webs. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web.Toxic metals can also be introduced into marine food webs. These can cause a change to tissue matter, biochemistry, behaviour, reproduction, and suppress growth in marine life. Also, many animal feeds have a high fish meal or fish hydrolysate content. In this way, marine toxins can be transferred to land animals, and appear later in meat and dairy products.