02whole - Massey Research Online
... positive rebound effect. Stereotype rebound effects may therefore not always be evidenced by higher levels of negative or prejudiced responding in suppressors, but can also appear as positive evaluations and approach behaviours. Findings from this research (i.e., stereotype rebound effects can be ei ...
... positive rebound effect. Stereotype rebound effects may therefore not always be evidenced by higher levels of negative or prejudiced responding in suppressors, but can also appear as positive evaluations and approach behaviours. Findings from this research (i.e., stereotype rebound effects can be ei ...
Malleability of Attitudes or Malleability of the IAT?
... whether those others be a specific individual, a class of people, or even more general cultural norms. For example, the knowledge that my neighbor was a huge supporter of presidential candidate McCain did not impact my support for Obama. Nevertheless, such knowledge can facilitate a respondent’s eff ...
... whether those others be a specific individual, a class of people, or even more general cultural norms. For example, the knowledge that my neighbor was a huge supporter of presidential candidate McCain did not impact my support for Obama. Nevertheless, such knowledge can facilitate a respondent’s eff ...
Ethnocentrism and the Value of a Human Life
... With respect to the valuation of life, the S-shaped value function postulated by prospect theory has two important implications. First, for both losses and gains, the curves flatten out as they move further away from the reference point, which implies that the psychological value of saving the first ...
... With respect to the valuation of life, the S-shaped value function postulated by prospect theory has two important implications. First, for both losses and gains, the curves flatten out as they move further away from the reference point, which implies that the psychological value of saving the first ...
Self-Centered Social Exchange: Differential Use of
... givers would simply overestimate the value of their favor compared with receivers because of motivated reasoning and therefore feel chronically underappreciated in social exchanges. Equity theorists have long suggested this result (Adams, 1963), but there is little empirical evidence suggesting that ...
... givers would simply overestimate the value of their favor compared with receivers because of motivated reasoning and therefore feel chronically underappreciated in social exchanges. Equity theorists have long suggested this result (Adams, 1963), but there is little empirical evidence suggesting that ...
the mildly depressed experience more post–decisional regret than
... In Experiment 1 we explore whether three particular situational circumstances might affect the experience of regret. The first of these is the original decision. Individuals might not feel much regret over the initial decision when the initial candidate was rejected — in fact, the presentation of a ...
... In Experiment 1 we explore whether three particular situational circumstances might affect the experience of regret. The first of these is the original decision. Individuals might not feel much regret over the initial decision when the initial candidate was rejected — in fact, the presentation of a ...
Extinction, spontaneous recovery and reinstatement in the garden
... of experiments a stimulus was conditioned and then subjected to extinction, testing the conditioned response right after extinction (experiment 1A) or with 1 day of delay between extinction and its test (experiment 1B). The course of extinction was also described providing a measure of the trial by ...
... of experiments a stimulus was conditioned and then subjected to extinction, testing the conditioned response right after extinction (experiment 1A) or with 1 day of delay between extinction and its test (experiment 1B). The course of extinction was also described providing a measure of the trial by ...
ACR 2007 Symposium Proposal - Association for Consumer Research
... attitude conditions; under ambivalent attitude conditions, attitudes might be less predictive of behavior when they are held with high compared to low certainty. To examine this issue, we presented participants with evaluatively congruent or incongruent reviews of a new department store and manipula ...
... attitude conditions; under ambivalent attitude conditions, attitudes might be less predictive of behavior when they are held with high compared to low certainty. To examine this issue, we presented participants with evaluatively congruent or incongruent reviews of a new department store and manipula ...
SR associations, their extinction, and recovery in an animal model of
... association is presumed to be weak. This account shares similarities with the argument presented by Cook and Mineka (1987), who suggested that second-order associations can explain this type of fears (in a second-order conditioning situation, a target CS1 acquires behavioral control after been paire ...
... association is presumed to be weak. This account shares similarities with the argument presented by Cook and Mineka (1987), who suggested that second-order associations can explain this type of fears (in a second-order conditioning situation, a target CS1 acquires behavioral control after been paire ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
... et al. 2010, but see Welsh et al. 2007 for a contradictory result). This indicates that knowledge about a co-actor’s task may be sufficient to modulate individual action planning. However, it is unclear whether task co-representation effects are restricted to tasks involving automatic stimulus– resp ...
... et al. 2010, but see Welsh et al. 2007 for a contradictory result). This indicates that knowledge about a co-actor’s task may be sufficient to modulate individual action planning. However, it is unclear whether task co-representation effects are restricted to tasks involving automatic stimulus– resp ...
Reversal from blocking in humans as a result of posttraining
... ratio of ongoing behavior (playing of a video game, during which the stimuli of a Pavlovian procedure were presented). Instead of the US’s being inherently fear inducing (as with a footshock US), the US was given negative motivational value through instructions .1 A graphic representation of the tas ...
... ratio of ongoing behavior (playing of a video game, during which the stimuli of a Pavlovian procedure were presented). Instead of the US’s being inherently fear inducing (as with a footshock US), the US was given negative motivational value through instructions .1 A graphic representation of the tas ...
Spontaneous recovery after reversal and partial
... conceptualizing each stimulus as composed of elements whose presence on a trial varies randomly over time. When a previously conditioned stimulus is extinguished, then only those elements that occur during extinction trials are actually adversely affected. With the passage of time, some of those ele ...
... conceptualizing each stimulus as composed of elements whose presence on a trial varies randomly over time. When a previously conditioned stimulus is extinguished, then only those elements that occur during extinction trials are actually adversely affected. With the passage of time, some of those ele ...
Conditional Stimulus Informativeness Governs Conditioned Stimulus
... were conducted for groups T ⫽ 8 s and T ⫽ 24 s. For group T ⫽ 8 s, the ANOVA found a significant effect of session block, F(7, 147) ⫽ 14.82, reflecting the increased rate of responding across blocks. Rate of responding increased across the CS interval, indicating temporal control, F(7, 147) ⫽ 33. ...
... were conducted for groups T ⫽ 8 s and T ⫽ 24 s. For group T ⫽ 8 s, the ANOVA found a significant effect of session block, F(7, 147) ⫽ 14.82, reflecting the increased rate of responding across blocks. Rate of responding increased across the CS interval, indicating temporal control, F(7, 147) ⫽ 33. ...
Who Needs Cream and Sugar When There Is "Eco-Friendly" Coffee
... classified as ‘high sustainability’ consumers (N = 23) or ‘low sustainability’ consumers (N = 21) respectively. This study was approved by the Uppsala regional ethical review board (Dnr 2013/132). As the data was treated confidentially, and no apparent ethical research complication with participatio ...
... classified as ‘high sustainability’ consumers (N = 23) or ‘low sustainability’ consumers (N = 21) respectively. This study was approved by the Uppsala regional ethical review board (Dnr 2013/132). As the data was treated confidentially, and no apparent ethical research complication with participatio ...
The Referents of Trait Inferences: The Impact of Trait
... with the implied traits (assimilation). Participants who were asked to form an impression of the actors in the sentences judged an unrelated target actor in a manner opposite to the traits implied by the sentences (contrast). Using the conceptualization of the determinants of assimilation and contra ...
... with the implied traits (assimilation). Participants who were asked to form an impression of the actors in the sentences judged an unrelated target actor in a manner opposite to the traits implied by the sentences (contrast). Using the conceptualization of the determinants of assimilation and contra ...
Pavlovian Contingencies and Temporal Information
... from the bars) of the number of CS–US pairings to meet the acquisition criterion of pecks on three out of four consecutive trials. This provides a familiar but somewhat incomplete representation of the result. A more informative and compact, if somewhat unfamiliar, presentation of the results is by ...
... from the bars) of the number of CS–US pairings to meet the acquisition criterion of pecks on three out of four consecutive trials. This provides a familiar but somewhat incomplete representation of the result. A more informative and compact, if somewhat unfamiliar, presentation of the results is by ...
Easier Done Than Undone
... to information, in the media and elsewhere, that links different social groups to positive and negative attributes. Because these links are repeatedly and chronically activated, their activation eventually becomes automatic for all members of that culture, requiring only that the social groups in qu ...
... to information, in the media and elsewhere, that links different social groups to positive and negative attributes. Because these links are repeatedly and chronically activated, their activation eventually becomes automatic for all members of that culture, requiring only that the social groups in qu ...
Protection from extinction
... strength of a compound is compared with the strength that a reinforcer can produce in order to compute an error term. That error term is then used to update the associative strengths of all the elements in the compound. The phenomenon of blocking (see, e.g., Kamin, 1968), in which the presence of an ...
... strength of a compound is compared with the strength that a reinforcer can produce in order to compute an error term. That error term is then used to update the associative strengths of all the elements in the compound. The phenomenon of blocking (see, e.g., Kamin, 1968), in which the presence of an ...
Temporal integration in Pavlovian appetitive conditioning in rats
... to remove subjects for which CS X failed to acquire behavioral control in Phase 2. An outlier analysis was conducted to remove from the experiment subjects with acquisition scores two standard deviations below their respective group means on the final day of acquisition. Data from 4 subjects were re ...
... to remove subjects for which CS X failed to acquire behavioral control in Phase 2. An outlier analysis was conducted to remove from the experiment subjects with acquisition scores two standard deviations below their respective group means on the final day of acquisition. Data from 4 subjects were re ...
Rosen, Milgram and Morals
... your victim is a willing participant in a scientific experiment and there is no serious risk of lasting harm. But it is not all right to cause intense pain in an unwilling victim for this sort of purpose, especially when you have reason to think that the shocks are dangerous. The Milgram subjects o ...
... your victim is a willing participant in a scientific experiment and there is no serious risk of lasting harm. But it is not all right to cause intense pain in an unwilling victim for this sort of purpose, especially when you have reason to think that the shocks are dangerous. The Milgram subjects o ...
NIH Public Access - Rutgers University Department of Psychology
... In contrast, a secondary drive was defined as a learned or acquired state. Money, as previously mentioned, is an example of a secondary reinforcer, which acquires its reinforcing properties through its association with primary reinforcers (i.e. money can be used to acquire food). Due to societal and ...
... In contrast, a secondary drive was defined as a learned or acquired state. Money, as previously mentioned, is an example of a secondary reinforcer, which acquires its reinforcing properties through its association with primary reinforcers (i.e. money can be used to acquire food). Due to societal and ...
Evidence For Terror Management Theory: I. The
... to those who bolster their cultural anxiety-buffers and negatively to those who threaten their cultural anxiety-buffers. Clearly, people react negatively to those who violate cultural norms and values (e.g., Miller & Anderson, 1979; Schachter, 1951). The research reported in this article was specifi ...
... to those who bolster their cultural anxiety-buffers and negatively to those who threaten their cultural anxiety-buffers. Clearly, people react negatively to those who violate cultural norms and values (e.g., Miller & Anderson, 1979; Schachter, 1951). The research reported in this article was specifi ...
Treating thoughts as material objects can increase or decrease their
... 1991; Tversky & Kahneman, 1991). Similar arguments have been made about one’s thoughts. That is, one’s own thoughts are seen as better than the thoughts generated by others (Greenwald & Albert, 1968; Perloff & Brock, 1980). Given that our argument is that thoughts can be treated as material objects, ...
... 1991; Tversky & Kahneman, 1991). Similar arguments have been made about one’s thoughts. That is, one’s own thoughts are seen as better than the thoughts generated by others (Greenwald & Albert, 1968; Perloff & Brock, 1980). Given that our argument is that thoughts can be treated as material objects, ...
EFFECTS OF EPISTEMIC AND TELEOLOGIC ATTITUDE CHANGE
... To Dr. Cathleen Cox, I deeply appreciate your frank and earnest approach. Your honesty, while not as pleasant as banal flattery, is far more valuable to me; without it, I would not have grown or improved to the extent I have. To Dr. David Cross, one specific day in your statistics class remains in m ...
... To Dr. Cathleen Cox, I deeply appreciate your frank and earnest approach. Your honesty, while not as pleasant as banal flattery, is far more valuable to me; without it, I would not have grown or improved to the extent I have. To Dr. David Cross, one specific day in your statistics class remains in m ...
Power Reduces the Press of the Situation: Implications for Creativity
... situational influence, and we draw on a variety of classic social psychological paradigms to investigate how power moderates the influence of various types of situational information. Experiments 1– 4 are straightforward in their predictions: Highpower individuals will express thoughts and ideas tha ...
... situational influence, and we draw on a variety of classic social psychological paradigms to investigate how power moderates the influence of various types of situational information. Experiments 1– 4 are straightforward in their predictions: Highpower individuals will express thoughts and ideas tha ...
Associative foundation of causal learning in rats
... by verbal report, which assumes veridical introspection. But verbal report is often belied by other measures (e.g., Nisbett & Wilson, 1977). Moreover, causal learning presumably did not evolve in order to fuel discussion, but rather to allow organisms to control outcomes. Hence, actions that reflect ...
... by verbal report, which assumes veridical introspection. But verbal report is often belied by other measures (e.g., Nisbett & Wilson, 1977). Moreover, causal learning presumably did not evolve in order to fuel discussion, but rather to allow organisms to control outcomes. Hence, actions that reflect ...