Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide Policy document 12/05 June 2005
... CO2 levels are predicted to continue to increase for at least the next century and probably longer, and unless emissions are substantially reduced, may well reach levels exceeding 1 000 ppm by 2100, higher than anything experienced on Earth for several million years. Oceans play a fundamental role i ...
... CO2 levels are predicted to continue to increase for at least the next century and probably longer, and unless emissions are substantially reduced, may well reach levels exceeding 1 000 ppm by 2100, higher than anything experienced on Earth for several million years. Oceans play a fundamental role i ...
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide
... CO2 levels are predicted to continue to increase for at least the next century and probably longer, and unless emissions are substantially reduced, may well reach levels exceeding 1 000 ppm by 2100, higher than anything experienced on Earth for several million years. Oceans play a fundamental role i ...
... CO2 levels are predicted to continue to increase for at least the next century and probably longer, and unless emissions are substantially reduced, may well reach levels exceeding 1 000 ppm by 2100, higher than anything experienced on Earth for several million years. Oceans play a fundamental role i ...
Environmental impact assessments in areas beyond national
... should not be authorised because the impacts would be too severe or because there is too much uncertainty about them; and mm helping the competent authority to make a final decision about the conduct of an activity. At the national level, and in transboundary contexts (for example, when activities c ...
... should not be authorised because the impacts would be too severe or because there is too much uncertainty about them; and mm helping the competent authority to make a final decision about the conduct of an activity. At the national level, and in transboundary contexts (for example, when activities c ...
Zonally asymmetric response of the Southern Ocean mixed
... layer between January and September, before warming during spring and early summer rapidly re-establishes the shallow summer mixed layer. The amplitude of the seasonal cycle exceeds 400 m in some locations north of the ACC. The intraseasonal and interannual variability of MLD about this large season ...
... layer between January and September, before warming during spring and early summer rapidly re-establishes the shallow summer mixed layer. The amplitude of the seasonal cycle exceeds 400 m in some locations north of the ACC. The intraseasonal and interannual variability of MLD about this large season ...
Nitrogen isotopes in bulk marine sediment: linking seafloor
... The δ 15 N of marine organic matter exported from the surface is equal to the isotopic composition of the nitrogen substrate supplied to the surface. A small fraction of this nitrogen is provided by local N2 fixation or atmospheric deposition, but the majority is supplied by upward transport from th ...
... The δ 15 N of marine organic matter exported from the surface is equal to the isotopic composition of the nitrogen substrate supplied to the surface. A small fraction of this nitrogen is provided by local N2 fixation or atmospheric deposition, but the majority is supplied by upward transport from th ...
Whales as Detritus in Marine Ecosystems
... 1) Mats of heterotrophic and chemoautotrophic bacteria growing on bone surfaces, and within bone sutures and trabaculae, 2) Large populations (>10,000 individuals per skeleton) of the mussel Idas washingtonia, ...
... 1) Mats of heterotrophic and chemoautotrophic bacteria growing on bone surfaces, and within bone sutures and trabaculae, 2) Large populations (>10,000 individuals per skeleton) of the mussel Idas washingtonia, ...
Biogeoquímica dels fluxos de partícules en
... Durant l’hivern de 2006 (gener - març), el major factor que controlà el flux de partícules a la zona d’estudi va ser una inetnsa cascada d’aigua densa (DSWC), el qual ocasionà un increment de l’advecció laterial a totes les estacións mostrejades. En aquest treball, es discuteix l’origen i la degrada ...
... Durant l’hivern de 2006 (gener - març), el major factor que controlà el flux de partícules a la zona d’estudi va ser una inetnsa cascada d’aigua densa (DSWC), el qual ocasionà un increment de l’advecció laterial a totes les estacións mostrejades. En aquest treball, es discuteix l’origen i la degrada ...
Age Determination of Marine Sediments in the Western North Pacific
... 33,000 during 60,000–80,000 yrBP and 46,600 yr during 140,000–190,000 yrBP, respectively (Fig. 4). It is believed that such anomalies in Asp age are probably due to some geological events which occurred during these time periods. According to Nakatsuka et al. (1995), the coring site of 3bPC was loca ...
... 33,000 during 60,000–80,000 yrBP and 46,600 yr during 140,000–190,000 yrBP, respectively (Fig. 4). It is believed that such anomalies in Asp age are probably due to some geological events which occurred during these time periods. According to Nakatsuka et al. (1995), the coring site of 3bPC was loca ...
Longhurst, A. and D. Pauly. 1987. Ecology of Tropical Oceans
... data, such as the case of Ethmaiosa dorsalis in West Africa (Salzen, 1958), this technique is now widely and effectively applied to tropical fish populations. In fact, as we shall discuss below, while spawning of tropical fish is often more protracted than that of temperate fish, it is usually conce ...
... data, such as the case of Ethmaiosa dorsalis in West Africa (Salzen, 1958), this technique is now widely and effectively applied to tropical fish populations. In fact, as we shall discuss below, while spawning of tropical fish is often more protracted than that of temperate fish, it is usually conce ...
annual report - The Scottish Association for Marine Science
... in all the world’s oceans. It is thought that there may be tens of thousands, or even more, of these features that stand more than 1000m in height, from the seabed. They are often home to many species of coral and sponges, which in turn can harbour a great diversity of other species. The deep-sea gr ...
... in all the world’s oceans. It is thought that there may be tens of thousands, or even more, of these features that stand more than 1000m in height, from the seabed. They are often home to many species of coral and sponges, which in turn can harbour a great diversity of other species. The deep-sea gr ...
REEF CORALS : AUTOTROPHS OR HETEROTROPHS? THOMAS
... Von Holt (1968) has shown that ill Zoanthus there is a transfer of nucleoside polyphospilate fronl algal symbiont to animal host. If the reef corals were truly ...
... Von Holt (1968) has shown that ill Zoanthus there is a transfer of nucleoside polyphospilate fronl algal symbiont to animal host. If the reef corals were truly ...
A multitrophic model to quantify the effects of marine viruses
... models to include a virus component, specifically parameterized for processes taking place in the ocean euphotic zone. Crucially, we are able to solve this model analytically, facilitating evaluation of model behavior under many alternative parameterizations. Analyses reveal that the addition of a v ...
... models to include a virus component, specifically parameterized for processes taking place in the ocean euphotic zone. Crucially, we are able to solve this model analytically, facilitating evaluation of model behavior under many alternative parameterizations. Analyses reveal that the addition of a v ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... values, the deviation in parts per 10,000 from the present-day composition of the Chondritic Uniform Reservoir (143Nd/144Nd = 0.512638) [Jacobsen and Wasserburg, 1980; Wasserburg et al., 1981]. The oceanic residence time of Nd is ~500 years [Tachikawa et al., 2003; Siddall et al., 2008], shorter tha ...
... values, the deviation in parts per 10,000 from the present-day composition of the Chondritic Uniform Reservoir (143Nd/144Nd = 0.512638) [Jacobsen and Wasserburg, 1980; Wasserburg et al., 1981]. The oceanic residence time of Nd is ~500 years [Tachikawa et al., 2003; Siddall et al., 2008], shorter tha ...
Resource Booklet
... This series of four reports provides a broad but detailed overview of the state of the ocean. These cover topics from fisheries, marine pollution, and law of the sea, to marine resources and changes in the marine ecosystems. First published in 2010, with contributions from experts in the Cluster of ...
... This series of four reports provides a broad but detailed overview of the state of the ocean. These cover topics from fisheries, marine pollution, and law of the sea, to marine resources and changes in the marine ecosystems. First published in 2010, with contributions from experts in the Cluster of ...
Scientific Synthesis of the Impacts of Ocean Fertilization
... all ideas and concepts to mitigate climate change have to be considered—controversial or not. Ocean fertilization is an intriguing concept: it utilizes the ocean (the largest carbon reservoir on Earth); is based on natural processes; and in theory, suggests that large amounts of CO2 could be sequest ...
... all ideas and concepts to mitigate climate change have to be considered—controversial or not. Ocean fertilization is an intriguing concept: it utilizes the ocean (the largest carbon reservoir on Earth); is based on natural processes; and in theory, suggests that large amounts of CO2 could be sequest ...
Gober Paleoclimatology Presentation.pptx
... 3) Unusual Chemical Weathering v Exposure of fresh debris must be causing high rates of ...
... 3) Unusual Chemical Weathering v Exposure of fresh debris must be causing high rates of ...
Re-examination of the relationship between marine virus
... Marine viruses are critical drivers of ocean biogeochemistry, and their abundances vary spatiotemporally in the global oceans, with upper estimates exceeding 108 per ml. Over many years, a consensus has emerged that virus abundances are typically tenfold higher than microbial cell abundances. Howeve ...
... Marine viruses are critical drivers of ocean biogeochemistry, and their abundances vary spatiotemporally in the global oceans, with upper estimates exceeding 108 per ml. Over many years, a consensus has emerged that virus abundances are typically tenfold higher than microbial cell abundances. Howeve ...
Plastic Debris in the World`s Oceans
... lacking recovery infrastructure, end up as waste. The nature of this waste has changed dramatically over the last 30 to 40 years due to the introduction of synthetic materials such as plastics (Sheavly 2005). Human garbage, including synthetics and plastics, have inevitably found their way into the ...
... lacking recovery infrastructure, end up as waste. The nature of this waste has changed dramatically over the last 30 to 40 years due to the introduction of synthetic materials such as plastics (Sheavly 2005). Human garbage, including synthetics and plastics, have inevitably found their way into the ...
Overview of SA Marine Science outputs
... is held every three years and it provides a student-friendly opportunity for SAMSC members to present the results of their latest research. I was able to get demographic information for almost 96% of all senior authors making poster or oral presentations at the three SAMSS that cover this review per ...
... is held every three years and it provides a student-friendly opportunity for SAMSC members to present the results of their latest research. I was able to get demographic information for almost 96% of all senior authors making poster or oral presentations at the three SAMSS that cover this review per ...
Quantity and bioavailability of sediment organic matter as signatures
... found to be significantly correlated (r = 0.84) with the total organic carbon concentration, suggesting that the biopolymeric fraction is representative of the total organic carbon pool. However, the systematic variation of the biopolymeric fraction was higher than that of total organic carbon conce ...
... found to be significantly correlated (r = 0.84) with the total organic carbon concentration, suggesting that the biopolymeric fraction is representative of the total organic carbon pool. However, the systematic variation of the biopolymeric fraction was higher than that of total organic carbon conce ...
Impact of river discharge, upwelling and vertical
... of nutrients imposes an additional constraint on productivity in the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean. In these waters, a chronic deficiency of N relative to phosphorus (P) is maintained by a host of local and remote biogeochemical processes. In the eastern Pacific, the remineralization of Prich o ...
... of nutrients imposes an additional constraint on productivity in the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean. In these waters, a chronic deficiency of N relative to phosphorus (P) is maintained by a host of local and remote biogeochemical processes. In the eastern Pacific, the remineralization of Prich o ...
Number 54: 2012 - New Zealand Marine Sciences Society
... The New Zealand Marine Sciences Society, known as ‘NZMSS’, was formed in 1960 as a constituent society of New Zealand’s Royal Society, to encourage and assist marine science and related research across a wide range of disciplines in New Zealand and to foster communication among those with an interes ...
... The New Zealand Marine Sciences Society, known as ‘NZMSS’, was formed in 1960 as a constituent society of New Zealand’s Royal Society, to encourage and assist marine science and related research across a wide range of disciplines in New Zealand and to foster communication among those with an interes ...
Marine biology
Marine biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean or other marine or brackish bodies of water. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy. Marine biology differs from marine ecology as marine ecology is focused on how organisms interact with each other and the environment, while biology is the study of the organisms themselves.A large proportion of all life on Earth lives in the ocean. Exactly how large the proportion is unknown, since many ocean species are still to be discovered. The ocean is a complex three-dimensional world covering about 71% of the Earth's surface. The habitats studied in marine biology include everything from the tiny layers of surface water in which organisms and abiotic items may be trapped in surface tension between the ocean and atmosphere, to the depths of the oceanic trenches, sometimes 10,000 meters or more beneath the surface of the ocean. Specific habitats include coral reefs, kelp forests, seagrass meadows, the surrounds of seamounts and thermal vents, tidepools, muddy, sandy and rocky bottoms, and the open ocean (pelagic) zone, where solid objects are rare and the surface of the water is the only visible boundary. The organisms studied range from microscopic phytoplankton and zooplankton to huge cetaceans (whales) 30 meters (98 feet) in length.Marine life is a vast resource, providing food, medicine, and raw materials, in addition to helping to support recreation and tourism all over the world. At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet. Marine organisms contribute significantly to the oxygen cycle, and are involved in the regulation of the Earth's climate. Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.Many species are economically important to humans, including food fish (both finfish and shellfish). It is also becoming understood that the well-being of marine organisms and other organisms are linked in very fundamental ways. The human body of knowledge regarding the relationship between life in the sea and important cycles is rapidly growing, with new discoveries being made nearly every day. These cycles include those of matter (such as the carbon cycle) and of air (such as Earth's respiration, and movement of energy through ecosystems including the ocean). Large areas beneath the ocean surface still remain effectively unexplored.