The Caspian Sea - European Environment Agency
... The biological diversity of the Caspian and its coastal zone makes the region one of the most valuable ecosystems in the world. Many species are endemic and there are many representatives from almost all major groups on earth. A diversified range of habitats from vast river systems to extensive wetl ...
... The biological diversity of the Caspian and its coastal zone makes the region one of the most valuable ecosystems in the world. Many species are endemic and there are many representatives from almost all major groups on earth. A diversified range of habitats from vast river systems to extensive wetl ...
Isotope Composition of Organic Matter in Seawater
... Marine organic matter in seawater is one of the most active carbon reservoirs on the earth surface and plays an important role in earth’s climate system. Marine organic matter is also a key component in the exchange among the biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere (Hedges, 1992). Therefore, knowledge ...
... Marine organic matter in seawater is one of the most active carbon reservoirs on the earth surface and plays an important role in earth’s climate system. Marine organic matter is also a key component in the exchange among the biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere (Hedges, 1992). Therefore, knowledge ...
SBB Objection to Shot Head salmon farm Oct
... A further, and ironic impact of salmon farm escapes is they may inflate catch based spawning stock estimates to such an extent that the stock appears either to be healthy or recovering, the consequences of which are that conservation measures are either relaxed or not strengthened, or new measures ...
... A further, and ironic impact of salmon farm escapes is they may inflate catch based spawning stock estimates to such an extent that the stock appears either to be healthy or recovering, the consequences of which are that conservation measures are either relaxed or not strengthened, or new measures ...
Understanding harmful algae in stratified systems
... great abundance and maturity. Retentive regions can act as incubators for phytoplankton blooms, including HABs, and can favor the establishment of thin layers (Jessup et al., 2009; McManus et al., 2008; Ryan et al., 2010). These locales also provide seed populations for subsequent blooms (Ryan et al ...
... great abundance and maturity. Retentive regions can act as incubators for phytoplankton blooms, including HABs, and can favor the establishment of thin layers (Jessup et al., 2009; McManus et al., 2008; Ryan et al., 2010). These locales also provide seed populations for subsequent blooms (Ryan et al ...
Modeling suitable habitat of invasive red lionfish Pterois volitans
... occurrence (E, F) datasets. Predictions made outside the environmental range of each occurrence dataset were masked and are not included. ...
... occurrence (E, F) datasets. Predictions made outside the environmental range of each occurrence dataset were masked and are not included. ...
The EEZ Regime: Reflections after 30 Years
... quasi-autonomous units of the UN as well as a host of non-governmental organizations.4 119 countries from every region in the world signed the Convention on 10 December 1982, a record at the time. There are 165 parties to the Convention5 indicating its widespread support as the prevailing legal orde ...
... quasi-autonomous units of the UN as well as a host of non-governmental organizations.4 119 countries from every region in the world signed the Convention on 10 December 1982, a record at the time. There are 165 parties to the Convention5 indicating its widespread support as the prevailing legal orde ...
A) Why bacterial diversity - CMIMA
... Fig. 2.2. The feedback linking oceanic plankton and climate through the production of atmospheric sulfur. The original hypothesis postulated that production of dimethylsulfide (DMS) by phytoplankton, and its subsequent ventilation and oxidation in the atmosphere feeds cloud condensation nuclei in ...
... Fig. 2.2. The feedback linking oceanic plankton and climate through the production of atmospheric sulfur. The original hypothesis postulated that production of dimethylsulfide (DMS) by phytoplankton, and its subsequent ventilation and oxidation in the atmosphere feeds cloud condensation nuclei in ...
The Influence of CO2 Enrichment on Net Photosynthesis of
... the globe and there are regional differences. Models project that the surface water pH in the central Baltic Sea may decrease 0.3–0.4 units by 2100 (Omstedt et al., 2012; Schneider et al., 2015). Moreover, the brackish Baltic Sea is sensitive to a future increase in acidity due to low carbonate buff ...
... the globe and there are regional differences. Models project that the surface water pH in the central Baltic Sea may decrease 0.3–0.4 units by 2100 (Omstedt et al., 2012; Schneider et al., 2015). Moreover, the brackish Baltic Sea is sensitive to a future increase in acidity due to low carbonate buff ...
Benthic Exchange and Biogeochemical Cycling in Permeable
... this threshold is reached when permeability exceeds 10−12 m2 (Huettel & Rusch 2000, Huettel et al. 1996). In this review, we therefore define permeable sediments as those with a permeability greater than 10−12 m2 ; when this threshold is reached, interfacial solute fluxes deviate significantly from tho ...
... this threshold is reached when permeability exceeds 10−12 m2 (Huettel & Rusch 2000, Huettel et al. 1996). In this review, we therefore define permeable sediments as those with a permeability greater than 10−12 m2 ; when this threshold is reached, interfacial solute fluxes deviate significantly from tho ...
an international network of coral reef ecosystem observing systems
... and marine debris and to impacts associated with global climate change [17,18], especially increased ocean temperatures [19,20] and ocean acidification [21,22]. Over the past 30 years, coral cover at many Caribbean reefs has decreased by up to 80% [23], and even healthy reefs have suffered measurabl ...
... and marine debris and to impacts associated with global climate change [17,18], especially increased ocean temperatures [19,20] and ocean acidification [21,22]. Over the past 30 years, coral cover at many Caribbean reefs has decreased by up to 80% [23], and even healthy reefs have suffered measurabl ...
Microbial Ecosystem Functions Along the Steep Oxygen
... marine areas facing oxygen depletion are increasing and predicted to continue to do so in the future. Vertically steep oxygen gradients are particularly pronounced in the Baltic Sea. In this thesis, therefore, the ecosystem functions of microbial communities were investigated, using metagenomics, to ...
... marine areas facing oxygen depletion are increasing and predicted to continue to do so in the future. Vertically steep oxygen gradients are particularly pronounced in the Baltic Sea. In this thesis, therefore, the ecosystem functions of microbial communities were investigated, using metagenomics, to ...
Projected changes in Arctic Ocean freshwater budgets
... integrations apply variations in external forcing based on observed records and offline chemical transport models. Different centers use different specified forcings in the 20th century. They all include changing greenhouse gases and may also apply variations in solar input, volcanic forcing, and oz ...
... integrations apply variations in external forcing based on observed records and offline chemical transport models. Different centers use different specified forcings in the 20th century. They all include changing greenhouse gases and may also apply variations in solar input, volcanic forcing, and oz ...
C IESM Workshop Monographs Towards an integrated system of
... In addition, forecasts of global climate change over the next century are expected to impose dramatic economic, ecological and societal changes in all the 21 countries surrounding the Mediterranean. For example, changes to surface temperature, sea level, storminess, erosion, biodiversity, fisheries, ...
... In addition, forecasts of global climate change over the next century are expected to impose dramatic economic, ecological and societal changes in all the 21 countries surrounding the Mediterranean. For example, changes to surface temperature, sea level, storminess, erosion, biodiversity, fisheries, ...
Ecosystem Goods and Services of the Deep Sea
... As discussed in the remainder of this report, the deep sea provides a whole array of ecosystem functions, goods and services, some of which contribute significantly to the global biogeochemical cycles, and hence to the well-being of humankind and ultimately to the suitability of planet Earth to our ...
... As discussed in the remainder of this report, the deep sea provides a whole array of ecosystem functions, goods and services, some of which contribute significantly to the global biogeochemical cycles, and hence to the well-being of humankind and ultimately to the suitability of planet Earth to our ...
Marine Biology Research The fauna of
... Ridge (Fricke et al. 1989). Calcareous sponges normally represent only a minor fraction of the sponge fauna and it was therefore surprising that 8 out of a total of 13 species reported here are calcareans. They mainly represent species wellknown from bathyal and abyssal depths in the Nordic Seas (Ja ...
... Ridge (Fricke et al. 1989). Calcareous sponges normally represent only a minor fraction of the sponge fauna and it was therefore surprising that 8 out of a total of 13 species reported here are calcareans. They mainly represent species wellknown from bathyal and abyssal depths in the Nordic Seas (Ja ...
Oligotrophy and pelagic marine bacteria: facts and
... content is reflected in low C:N ratios of 3 to 5 (Goldman et al. 1987, Lee & Fuhrman 1987). In all, indigenous marine bacteria appear to be quite different from the cells normally cultivated in laboratories around the world. But there is no certainty as to whether they represent unknown species with ...
... content is reflected in low C:N ratios of 3 to 5 (Goldman et al. 1987, Lee & Fuhrman 1987). In all, indigenous marine bacteria appear to be quite different from the cells normally cultivated in laboratories around the world. But there is no certainty as to whether they represent unknown species with ...
Report of the Joint OSPAR/ICES Ocean Acidification Study Group
... Ocean Acidification. SGOA also identified a need for a framework document that sets out a “common procedure” for OSPAR OA monitoring and assessment and this will be progressed taking cognisance of a new initiative to develop a global OA observation network. Currently, OA data are reported to a numbe ...
... Ocean Acidification. SGOA also identified a need for a framework document that sets out a “common procedure” for OSPAR OA monitoring and assessment and this will be progressed taking cognisance of a new initiative to develop a global OA observation network. Currently, OA data are reported to a numbe ...
Prospects of Blue Economy in the Indian Ocean
... 17-18, 2015. Eminent experts from the Indian Ocean region contributed to the Dialogue on various facets of blue economy and the scope for regional cooperation among the member states of IORA. The rich deliberations took the shape of ‘Goa Declaration’ which was released at the end of the Dialogue on ...
... 17-18, 2015. Eminent experts from the Indian Ocean region contributed to the Dialogue on various facets of blue economy and the scope for regional cooperation among the member states of IORA. The rich deliberations took the shape of ‘Goa Declaration’ which was released at the end of the Dialogue on ...
A Review of Salinity Problems of Organisms in United States
... Corps issues permits. The ecology of these areas is coming in for eve;-closer scrutiny and it has become a matter of great importance to consider the salinity factor and its relation to marine organisms as influenced by large engineering works near the seas. The approach here is to review the biolog ...
... Corps issues permits. The ecology of these areas is coming in for eve;-closer scrutiny and it has become a matter of great importance to consider the salinity factor and its relation to marine organisms as influenced by large engineering works near the seas. The approach here is to review the biolog ...
Ch. 16 Marine and Coastal Systems: Resources, Impacts, and
... Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Aluminium in an ocean general circulation model compared with the
... and silicon. This supports the hypothesis of biological incorporation of aluminium into the cell wall of diatoms. These issues can be analysed further by the use of numerical models. Since there is a strong spatial variation in aluminium concentration (and its relation to silicon), an ocean general ...
... and silicon. This supports the hypothesis of biological incorporation of aluminium into the cell wall of diatoms. These issues can be analysed further by the use of numerical models. Since there is a strong spatial variation in aluminium concentration (and its relation to silicon), an ocean general ...
Pollution as an Emerging Threat for the Conservation of the
... © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 ...
... © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 ...
Winter ichthyoplankton biomass as a predictor of early summer prey
... Studies on the ocean ecology of juvenile salmon generally rely on samples of the physical environment, as well as of various biological components such as the zooplankton community. Due to their low trophic position, zooplankton are an important resource in the marine environment, and they respond r ...
... Studies on the ocean ecology of juvenile salmon generally rely on samples of the physical environment, as well as of various biological components such as the zooplankton community. Due to their low trophic position, zooplankton are an important resource in the marine environment, and they respond r ...
Marine biology
Marine biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean or other marine or brackish bodies of water. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy. Marine biology differs from marine ecology as marine ecology is focused on how organisms interact with each other and the environment, while biology is the study of the organisms themselves.A large proportion of all life on Earth lives in the ocean. Exactly how large the proportion is unknown, since many ocean species are still to be discovered. The ocean is a complex three-dimensional world covering about 71% of the Earth's surface. The habitats studied in marine biology include everything from the tiny layers of surface water in which organisms and abiotic items may be trapped in surface tension between the ocean and atmosphere, to the depths of the oceanic trenches, sometimes 10,000 meters or more beneath the surface of the ocean. Specific habitats include coral reefs, kelp forests, seagrass meadows, the surrounds of seamounts and thermal vents, tidepools, muddy, sandy and rocky bottoms, and the open ocean (pelagic) zone, where solid objects are rare and the surface of the water is the only visible boundary. The organisms studied range from microscopic phytoplankton and zooplankton to huge cetaceans (whales) 30 meters (98 feet) in length.Marine life is a vast resource, providing food, medicine, and raw materials, in addition to helping to support recreation and tourism all over the world. At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet. Marine organisms contribute significantly to the oxygen cycle, and are involved in the regulation of the Earth's climate. Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.Many species are economically important to humans, including food fish (both finfish and shellfish). It is also becoming understood that the well-being of marine organisms and other organisms are linked in very fundamental ways. The human body of knowledge regarding the relationship between life in the sea and important cycles is rapidly growing, with new discoveries being made nearly every day. These cycles include those of matter (such as the carbon cycle) and of air (such as Earth's respiration, and movement of energy through ecosystems including the ocean). Large areas beneath the ocean surface still remain effectively unexplored.