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MAKERERE UNIVERSITY COVAB SEMINAR SERIES 20 March 2014
MAKERERE UNIVERSITY COVAB SEMINAR SERIES 20 March 2014

... Summary: A typical Brucella abortus without biovar designation was isolated in milk of seropositive cattle in Gulu and Soroti. All isolates were monomorphic at 16 VNTR loci and had a close genetic relationship with the former biovar 7 isolate from Kenya suggesting that Brucella do not need passports ...
SURGICAL INFECTIONS
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... Unlike strep, enterococci generally insensitive to cephs, need a pen or amp plus AG; vanco, imipenem are alternates; increasing amp + AG resist is serious, esp E. faecium ...
DERMAL AND MUSCULOSKELETAL INFECTIONS
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... a)anaerobic streptococcal gangrene-caused by peptostreptococcus,group A streptococci/S aureus b)Group A streptococcal necrotizing myositis c)synergistic non clostridial anaerobic myonecrosiscaused by mixed infections-Bacteroides and other anaerobic gram neg non spore forming bacilli ; peptostreptoco ...
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this resource 4.28 MB

... Slide 32: Source undetermined Slide 33: Source undetermined Slide 39 & 40: Lin D, Suwantarat N, Young RS. Lemierre’s Syndrome mimicking leptospirosis. Hawaii Med J. 2010; 69(7):161-63. ...
diabetic foot infections - Antimicrobial Stewardship Program
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... Superficial swabs of wound are NOT recommended and are prone to contamination with colonizing organisms When possible, sterile wound cultures should be obtained prior to starting antibiotics when multiple pathogens or osteomyelitis is suspected Imaging to confirm osteomyelitis – foot X-ray; MRI or b ...
Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) newsfeed February 2015
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... aeruginosa or other bacterial agents are suspected) for 48-72 hours pending diagnosis and culture results. Please start assessing your patient for de-escalation at the 48-72-hour and daily thereafter. When indicated please request cultures, preferably before antibiotics are started. Without culture ...
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... Bertram G. Katzung, M. P. 2009. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Mc Graw Hill. Fred C. Tenover, P. 2006. Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria. The American Journal of Medicine , S3-S10. Fritz H. Kayser, M. K. 2005. Medical Microbiology. Thieme. Harrison, E. 2011. Infection Prevention E ...
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... of periodontal disease and hence considered as periodontopathic organisms. ...
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APIC Infection Elimination
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OVERVIEW FOR INFECTION CONTROL BEST PRACTICES
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... therefore they have a higher risk for developing nosocomial infections. The term "nosocomial" is an institutional associated infection (infectious agent) typically found in acute care hospitals and nursing facilities where there is a susceptible host (compromised patient/resident) and a means of tra ...
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... FEATURES OF ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS Infections are always near to the site of the body which are habitat. 1. Infection from animal bites. 2. Deep abscesses 3. The infections are also polymicrobial 4. Gas formation, foul smell 5. Detection of "Sulphur granules"' due to actinomycosis 6. Failure to grow ...
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... FEATURES OF ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS • Infections are always near to the site of the body which are habitat. 1. Infection from animal bites. 2. Deep abscesses 3. The infections are also polymicrobial 4. Gas formation, foul smell 5. Detection of "Sulphur granules"' due to actinomycosis 6. Failure to gro ...
Infectious Disease
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... • Protozoa – single celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria. • Parasites – organisms that get their energy from other living things. ...
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... Blood sugars that stay high make these infections more likely. There are ways to treat these infections. Ways to treat yeast include creams or salves. There are medicines (called “suppositories”) that can be placed in the vagina. But, if your blood sugar stays high, the infection might come back. Yo ...
PAMC Guideline for OUTPATIENT/EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
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... PAMC Guideline for OUTPATIENT/EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT Uncomplicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI) This guideline should NOT be used for the following: Infected diabetic ulcers or ulcers secondary to Human or animal bites Bacteremia associated with skin and soft vascular disease tissue infection ...
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... Blood sugars that stay high make these infections more likely. There are ways to treat these infections. Ways to treat yeast include creams or salves. There are medicines (called “suppositories”) that can be placed in the vagina. But, if your blood sugar stays high, the infection might come back. Yo ...
슬라이드 1
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... EPIDEMIOLOGY - Actinomycosis - endogenous infection - Disease is classified according to the organ systems involved. : Cervicofacial infections : have poor oral hygiene or have undergone an invasive dental procedure or oral trauma. In the mouth, invade into the diseased tissue and initiate the infe ...
Identification of Anaerobes
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... Bacteroides fragilis group – these are the most common anaerobes recovered from clinical specimens. They are more resistant to penicillin and cephalosporins than other anaerobes (resistance in other groups is increasing). The bile-resistance of the B. fragilis group can be used as a simple overnight ...
Microbiology 2 – Hospital Acquired Infections
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... Antibacterial: agents used to eliminate or reduce harmful bacteria. Antibiotic: a type of antimicrobial drug used in humans and animals. 11% of inpatients in hospitals have a hospital acquired infection at any time. These include: - clostridium difficile – 3 800 p.a - MRSA – 1629 They cause a huge b ...
extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing bacteria
extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing bacteria

...  ESBLs are enzymes produced by bacteria, such as Klebsiella and Escherichia coli  These enzymes make certain antibiotics ineffective  The extended-spectrum (third generation) antibiotics affected can be Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime or Ceftriaxone.  ESBL producing bacteria are often resistant to other ...
Clinical and lab aspect of anaerobic infection Dr. Ali M
Clinical and lab aspect of anaerobic infection Dr. Ali M

... 1. Infection from animal bites. 2. Deep abscesses 3. The infections are also polymicrobial 4. Gas formation, foul smell 5. Detection of "Sulphur granules"' due to actinomycosis 6. Failure to grow organism from pus if not culture anaerobically. 7. Failure to respond to usual antibiotics. ...
Anaerobes
Anaerobes

... – Elaboration of enzymes, toxins ...
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Anaerobic infection

Anaerobic infections are caused by anaerobic bacteria. Anaerobic bacteria do not grow on solid media in room air (0.04% carbon dioxide and 21% oxygen); facultative anaerobic bacteria can grow in the presence as well as in the absence of air. Microaerophilic bacteria do not grow at all aerobically or grow poorly, but grow better under 10% carbon dioxide or anaerobically. Anaerobic bacteria can be divided into strict anaerobes that can not grow in the presence of more than 0.5% oxygen and moderate anaerobic bacteria that are able of growing between 2 to 8% oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria usually do not possess catalase, but some can generate superoxide dismutase which protects them from oxygen.The clinically important anaerobes in decreasing frequency are: 1. Six genera of Gram-negative rods (Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Bilophila and Sutterella spp.);2. Gram-positive cocci (primarily Peptostreptococcus spp.); 3. Gram-positive spore-forming (Clostridium spp.) and nonspore-forming bacilli (Actinomyces, Propionibacterium, Eubacterium, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp.); and 4. Gram-negative cocci (mainly Veillonella spp.) .The frequency of isolation of anaerobic bacterial strains varies in different infectious sites. Mixed infections caused by numerous aerobic and anaerobic bacteria are often observed in clinical situations.Anaerobic bacteria are a common cause of infections, some of which can be serious and life-threatening. Because anaerobes are the predominant components of the skin's and mucous membranes normal flora, they are a common cause infections of endogenous origin. Because of their fastidious nature, anaerobes are hard to isolate and are often not recovered from infected sites. The administration of delayed or inappropriate therapy against these organisms may lead to failures in eradication of these infections. The isolation of anaerobic bacteria requires adequate methods for collection, transportation and cultivation of clinical specimens. The management of anaerobic infection is often difficult because of the slow growth of anaerobic organisms, which can delay their identification by the frequent polymicrobial nature of these infections and by the increasing resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobials.
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