• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
pathogenesis of bacterial infection pathogenicity toxigenicity
pathogenesis of bacterial infection pathogenicity toxigenicity

... system permanently colonized with microbes. Although the urinary bladder can be transiently colonized with bacteria migrating upstream from the urethra, these should be cleared rapidly by the bactericidal activity of the uroepithelial cells and flushing action of voided urine. The other structures o ...
Pathogenic Cocci
Pathogenic Cocci

...  enterococci  Preexisting heart abnormalities are predisposing factors.  Signs include fever, anemia, and heart murmur. ...
(e) 4.1 Nitrobacteriaceae – 4.2 Pseudomonads
(e) 4.1 Nitrobacteriaceae – 4.2 Pseudomonads

... External ear infection (otitis externa) Eye infection (usually hospital –acquired) Septicaemia (pt wt poor health) – proliferation of bacteria in blood  fever & organ damage. ...
PPT File - Northeast Regional Ag Expo 2016
PPT File - Northeast Regional Ag Expo 2016

...  Acute - develops suddenly. You may get it after an infection in your throat or on your skin or some diseases. Sometimes, you may get better on your own. Other times, your kidneys may stop working unless the right treatment is started quickly. ...
E. coli
E. coli

Human Excretory System
Human Excretory System

... kidney cancer Renal failure - (kidney failure) UTIs - urinary tract infections, often caused by gram-negative bacteria cystitis-bladder infections urethritis-inflammation of the urethra pyelonephritis- inflammation of the kidneys ...
for parents - Get Smart Colorado Antibiotics Campaign
for parents - Get Smart Colorado Antibiotics Campaign

... • Will NOT help your child feel better • Will NOT keep others from catching your child’s illness ...
Approach to Acute Monoarthritis of the Knee Henry Averns Assistant Professor Rheumatology Division
Approach to Acute Monoarthritis of the Knee Henry Averns Assistant Professor Rheumatology Division

... Crystal-proven diagnosis of gout or pseudogout Crystals can be present in a septic joint. rules out infection. The presence of fever is useful in distinguishing Fever may be absent in patients with infectious causes from other causes. infectious monoarthritis but can be a presenting feature in acute ...
Patofisiologi Penyakit II Pertemuan 6
Patofisiologi Penyakit II Pertemuan 6

... after stretching of the bladder  Activation is from an impulse sent to the spinal cord and then back via the pelvic splanchnic nerves  The external urethral sphincter must be voluntarily relaxed ...
Section: 2-1
Section: 2-1

... be becoming more difficult to treat. 6. If a patient has CDI, the clinician must assess for disease progression and follow infection control guidelines to prevent spread. 7. The infection can usually be treated with an appropriate course of antibiotics; including, metronidazole or vancomycin (usuall ...
Urinary System - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate
Urinary System - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate

... 1. Made of calcium and uric acid crystals 2. Gradually they get larger until they block ureters 3. First symptom – severe pain 4. Other symps – nausea and vomiting, frequency, chills, fever, hematuria 5. Diagnosis – by symptoms, ultrasound or x-ray 6. Rx – increase fluids, medications, lithotripsy C ...
Chapter 9 The Renal System - Hanover Community School
Chapter 9 The Renal System - Hanover Community School

Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette
Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette

... To prevent transmission of respiratory infections in any environment, it is important to employ the following infection controls measures at the first point of contact with potentially infected persons. 1. Social Distancing Social distancing minimizes the kind of contact that enables the transmissio ...
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

... • May be treated without medical or surgical therapy, by decreasing fluid intake, especially prior to bedtime; moderating the intake of alcohol and caffeine-containing products; and following timed voiding schedules. The most commonly used and effective medical therapy for symptoms relating to benig ...
Gongylonema Infection of the Mouth in a Resident of Cambridge
Gongylonema Infection of the Mouth in a Resident of Cambridge

... We report a case of Gongylonema infection of the mouth, which caused a migrating, serpiginous tract in a resident of Massachusetts. This foodborne infection, which is acquired through accidental ingestion of an infected insect, such as a beetle or a roach, represents the 11th such case reported in t ...
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

URINARY SYSTEM
URINARY SYSTEM

... Glomerular filtration forces plasma and wastes products out of capillaries and into the Bowman’s capsule Net filtration pressure is primarily controlled by glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure Glomerular filtration rate is the amount of filtrate formed in both kidneys per minute 125 ml/min (180 L/d ...
Clinical microbiology
Clinical microbiology

... penetrated is not sterile. Routinely, the skin should be cleansed first with 70% to 95% alcohol to remove dirt, lipids, and fatty acids. The site then should be scrubbed with a circular, concentric motion (working out from the starting point) using a sterile gauze pad soaked in an iodophor. The iodi ...
Sorbact for fungal infection in skin folds  2008-16
Sorbact for fungal infection in skin folds 2008-16

... *Ref. 1. Journal of Wound Care, volume 15, number 04, april 2006 ...
Communicable Diseases Escherichia coli
Communicable Diseases Escherichia coli

... to produce toxins that can cause diarrhea. One particular E. coli strain called O157:H7 can cause severe diarrhea and kidney damage. Who can get an E. coli infection? Anyone can become infected with E. coli but young children, the elderly, pregnant women and those with ill health are more likely to ...
here.
here.

... Bars represent number of new antimicrobial agents approved by the FDA during the period listed. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Bad Bugs, No Drugs. July 2004; Spellberg B et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:1279-1286; ...
Bacteria, viruses and fungi
Bacteria, viruses and fungi

... The most frequent form of fungal infection is intestinal over-growth of Candida albicans yeast. It can cause intestinal inflammation, drain your energy, poison your blood with aldehydes (acetaldehyde), suppress your immune system, cause host of symptoms and, in short, make your life miserable. If un ...
The Urinary (Excretory) System
The Urinary (Excretory) System

... • The second sphincter is under the conscious, voluntary, somatic control of the brain; this is how one can ‘hold their pee’. • See fig. 16.2 p. 305 • The urethra extends from the bladder to the exterior opening known as the external urethral orifice. • The urethra is ~4 cm long in females, and ~20 ...
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

... Transmission MRSA is transmitted most frequently by direct skin-to-skin contact or contact with shared items or surfaces that have come into contact with someone else's infection; like towels, used bandages, or unwashed sheets. MRSA skin infections can occur anywhere. ...
Antibiotic overuse: Stop the killing of beneficial bacteria
Antibiotic overuse: Stop the killing of beneficial bacteria

... The average child in the United States and other developed countries has received 10–20 courses of antibiotics by the time he or she is 18 years old 1. In many respects, this is a life-saving development. The average US citizen born in 1940 was expected to live to the age of 63; a baby born today sh ...
< 1 ... 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 ... 228 >

Urinary tract infection



A urinary tract infection (UTI), also known as acute cystitis or bladder infection, is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract. When it affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a simple cystitis (a bladder infection) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as pyelonephritis (a kidney infection). Symptoms from a lower urinary tract include painful urination and either frequent urination or urge to urinate (or both); while the symptoms of pyelonephritis include fever and flank pain in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI. In some cases, a painful burning sensation in the urethra may be present even when not urinating. In the elderly and the very young, symptoms may be vague or non-specific. The main causal agent of both types is Escherichia coli, though other bacteria, viruses or fungi may rarely be the cause.Urinary tract infections occur more commonly in women than men, with half of women having at least one infection at some point in their lives. Recurrences are common. Risk factors include female anatomy, sexual intercourse and family history. Pyelonephritis, if it occurs, usually follows a bladder infection but may also result from a blood-borne infection. Diagnosis in young healthy women can be based on symptoms alone. In those with vague symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult because bacteria may be present without there being an infection. In complicated cases or if treatment has failed, a urine culture may be useful. In those with frequent infections, low dose antibiotics may be taken as a preventative measure.In uncomplicated cases, urinary tract infections are easily treated with a short course of antibiotics, although resistance to many of the antibiotics used to treat this condition is increasing. In complicated cases, a longer course or intravenous antibiotics may be needed, and if symptoms have not improved in two or three days, further diagnostic testing is needed. In women, urinary tract infections are the most common form of bacterial infection with 10% developing urinary tract infections yearly. In those who have bacteria or white blood cells in their urine but have no symptoms, antibiotics are generally not needed, although pregnant women are an exception to this recommendation.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report