4.02 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the Urinary System
... Review urine formation, electrolyte exchange, and some factors that effect urine volume. ...
... Review urine formation, electrolyte exchange, and some factors that effect urine volume. ...
1. Staphylococcal scalded
... characterized by reddening of the tongue (strawberry tongue) and dense erythema on the whole body. ● Eruptions do not appear around the mouth (perioral pallor). ● Increased antistreptolysin O has diagnostic value. Penicillin is administered. Clinical features Scarlet fever most frequently occurs in ...
... characterized by reddening of the tongue (strawberry tongue) and dense erythema on the whole body. ● Eruptions do not appear around the mouth (perioral pallor). ● Increased antistreptolysin O has diagnostic value. Penicillin is administered. Clinical features Scarlet fever most frequently occurs in ...
Infectious Diseases and Obstetrics: Then and Now
... • Hard to tell timing, primary vs. non-primary so counseling difficult • No evidence that antiviral therapy prevents or mitigates disease in the fetus • Fetal infection can be detected but no way to determine sequelae risk ...
... • Hard to tell timing, primary vs. non-primary so counseling difficult • No evidence that antiviral therapy prevents or mitigates disease in the fetus • Fetal infection can be detected but no way to determine sequelae risk ...
Strep and Sore Throats - North Atlanta Pediatric Associates
... Sore throats are caused by both viruses and bacteria. If a sore throat is due to strep infection you will need an antibiotic which is generally given for a full ten days. The diagnosis of strep usually requires a throat swab or culture test. We usually do a quick strep test while you are in the offi ...
... Sore throats are caused by both viruses and bacteria. If a sore throat is due to strep infection you will need an antibiotic which is generally given for a full ten days. The diagnosis of strep usually requires a throat swab or culture test. We usually do a quick strep test while you are in the offi ...
Helping Students Meet the Standard for Combative
... What is it? Cold sores are blisters on the lip and outer edge of the mouth caused by the herpes simplex virus (which also causes genital herpes). Once the HSV is contracted, it remains in the body permanently and recurrent outbreaks may occur. How is it transmitted? HSV-1 is transmitted by d ...
... What is it? Cold sores are blisters on the lip and outer edge of the mouth caused by the herpes simplex virus (which also causes genital herpes). Once the HSV is contracted, it remains in the body permanently and recurrent outbreaks may occur. How is it transmitted? HSV-1 is transmitted by d ...
Pediatric Fever - Indiana University
... • What if this infant was afebrile? • One small retrospective cohort study that evaluated the presence of serious bacterial infection in afebrile infants 0 to 28 days with skin and soft tissue infections. • None of the neonates had serious bacterial infections. • Skin and soft tissue infections (SST ...
... • What if this infant was afebrile? • One small retrospective cohort study that evaluated the presence of serious bacterial infection in afebrile infants 0 to 28 days with skin and soft tissue infections. • None of the neonates had serious bacterial infections. • Skin and soft tissue infections (SST ...
Microbiological examination to investigate the differences in
... and penicillin. They were highly sensitive to Erythromycin 66 (100%) followed by Clindamycin 65 (98.48%) Cefotaxime 64 (96.96%) and Amoxicillin 40 (60.60%). At the same time it was less susceptible to Methicillin 15 (22.72%) and Gentamicin 10 (15.15%). This study was compared with Kuriyama et al. [2 ...
... and penicillin. They were highly sensitive to Erythromycin 66 (100%) followed by Clindamycin 65 (98.48%) Cefotaxime 64 (96.96%) and Amoxicillin 40 (60.60%). At the same time it was less susceptible to Methicillin 15 (22.72%) and Gentamicin 10 (15.15%). This study was compared with Kuriyama et al. [2 ...
What Is The Predominant Source of Intravascular
... percutaneously drawn blood cultures were obtained. Of 31 patients, 21 developed positive catheter-drawn blood cultures at a mean dwell time of 27 d. Of these 21 patients, 12 went on to develop concordant microbial growth from percutaneously drawn blood cultures at a mean time of 32 d after the first ...
... percutaneously drawn blood cultures were obtained. Of 31 patients, 21 developed positive catheter-drawn blood cultures at a mean dwell time of 27 d. Of these 21 patients, 12 went on to develop concordant microbial growth from percutaneously drawn blood cultures at a mean time of 32 d after the first ...
Virulence factors
... number of the vagina and male urethra. 2. E. feacalis is the most common isolate being associated with 80-90% of human enterococcal infection. E. faecium ranks second and is isolated from 10-15% of infection. 3. It is the second most common cause of nosocomial UTI and wound infection and the third m ...
... number of the vagina and male urethra. 2. E. feacalis is the most common isolate being associated with 80-90% of human enterococcal infection. E. faecium ranks second and is isolated from 10-15% of infection. 3. It is the second most common cause of nosocomial UTI and wound infection and the third m ...
Laboratory Investigation of Infectious Diarrhoea
... • Sources of infection: In New Zealand, most from food or water contaminated by the faeces of a ruminant animal; or direct spread from an infected person • Incubation period: 3 to 9 days (mean 4 days) • Symptoms: Symptoms range from no symptoms to kidney disease and death. In more serious cases ther ...
... • Sources of infection: In New Zealand, most from food or water contaminated by the faeces of a ruminant animal; or direct spread from an infected person • Incubation period: 3 to 9 days (mean 4 days) • Symptoms: Symptoms range from no symptoms to kidney disease and death. In more serious cases ther ...
The kidneys are located a. within the abdominal cavity. c. posterior
... Which of the following are regulatory functions of the kidney? a. excretion of metabolic wastes from the c. regulation of blood pressure blood d. regulation of calcium absorption by activation of vitamin D b. control of red blood cell production The blood supply to the nephrons is via the a. renal a ...
... Which of the following are regulatory functions of the kidney? a. excretion of metabolic wastes from the c. regulation of blood pressure blood d. regulation of calcium absorption by activation of vitamin D b. control of red blood cell production The blood supply to the nephrons is via the a. renal a ...
4-Basic Bacteriology-Part-IV
... perforation of the intestinal wall following trauma and appendicitis Enterococcus faecalis : is an important cause urinary tract infections and endocarditis ...
... perforation of the intestinal wall following trauma and appendicitis Enterococcus faecalis : is an important cause urinary tract infections and endocarditis ...
A Basic Guide to Bladder Health
... Prolapse can develop for a variety of reasons, but the most significant factor is stress on this supportive “hammock” during childbirth. Women who have multiple pregnancies or deliver vaginally are at higher risk. Other factors that can lead to prolapse include: heavy lifting, chronic coughing, cons ...
... Prolapse can develop for a variety of reasons, but the most significant factor is stress on this supportive “hammock” during childbirth. Women who have multiple pregnancies or deliver vaginally are at higher risk. Other factors that can lead to prolapse include: heavy lifting, chronic coughing, cons ...
Urinary Tract Infections Gram negative
... • UTI usually due to patients own intestinal flora - ascending route of infection - organisms enter the urinary tract in a retrograde fashion via the urethra • Complicating factors such as catheters, nephrostomy tubes, surgery, urinary stones, etc - allow organisms to enter and persist in urinary tr ...
... • UTI usually due to patients own intestinal flora - ascending route of infection - organisms enter the urinary tract in a retrograde fashion via the urethra • Complicating factors such as catheters, nephrostomy tubes, surgery, urinary stones, etc - allow organisms to enter and persist in urinary tr ...
A Brief History of Urinary Incontinence
... os sacrum for reflectory therapy of urge incontinence [20]. One of the first bladder distensions for successful cure of the same disease in elderly patients was performed by J. Rhodes in 1858 using a mixture of carbonic acid gas with chloroform [21]. Another alternative were the sacral epidural inje ...
... os sacrum for reflectory therapy of urge incontinence [20]. One of the first bladder distensions for successful cure of the same disease in elderly patients was performed by J. Rhodes in 1858 using a mixture of carbonic acid gas with chloroform [21]. Another alternative were the sacral epidural inje ...
Adult Cellulitis - College of Registered Nurses of British Columbia
... Note: Clindamycin can cause pseudomembranous colitis with diarrhea, severe abdominal cramps and blood or mucous in the stool. Do not use if there is a history of gastrointestinal disease. Client must be advised to seek medical attention immediately if they experience persistent diarrhea, stomach pai ...
... Note: Clindamycin can cause pseudomembranous colitis with diarrhea, severe abdominal cramps and blood or mucous in the stool. Do not use if there is a history of gastrointestinal disease. Client must be advised to seek medical attention immediately if they experience persistent diarrhea, stomach pai ...
Slides - View the full AIDS 2016 programme
... • Resistance to TDF occurs in 22 to 60% of first line treatment failures.2 – However, the majority of transmission occurs from undiagnosed and untreated persons.3 • Oral PrEP containing TDF has partial activity against resistant virus challenge in animals.4 – At least one case of PrEP failure has oc ...
... • Resistance to TDF occurs in 22 to 60% of first line treatment failures.2 – However, the majority of transmission occurs from undiagnosed and untreated persons.3 • Oral PrEP containing TDF has partial activity against resistant virus challenge in animals.4 – At least one case of PrEP failure has oc ...
C. botulinum
... healthy people and hospitalized patients. The spores can contaminate an environment for many months and can be a major source of nosocomial outbreaks. This organism produces two toxins: Toxin A (an enterotoxin) disrupts tight junction, resulting in increased permeability of intestinal wall and subse ...
... healthy people and hospitalized patients. The spores can contaminate an environment for many months and can be a major source of nosocomial outbreaks. This organism produces two toxins: Toxin A (an enterotoxin) disrupts tight junction, resulting in increased permeability of intestinal wall and subse ...
Urinary tract infection
A urinary tract infection (UTI), also known as acute cystitis or bladder infection, is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract. When it affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a simple cystitis (a bladder infection) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as pyelonephritis (a kidney infection). Symptoms from a lower urinary tract include painful urination and either frequent urination or urge to urinate (or both); while the symptoms of pyelonephritis include fever and flank pain in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI. In some cases, a painful burning sensation in the urethra may be present even when not urinating. In the elderly and the very young, symptoms may be vague or non-specific. The main causal agent of both types is Escherichia coli, though other bacteria, viruses or fungi may rarely be the cause.Urinary tract infections occur more commonly in women than men, with half of women having at least one infection at some point in their lives. Recurrences are common. Risk factors include female anatomy, sexual intercourse and family history. Pyelonephritis, if it occurs, usually follows a bladder infection but may also result from a blood-borne infection. Diagnosis in young healthy women can be based on symptoms alone. In those with vague symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult because bacteria may be present without there being an infection. In complicated cases or if treatment has failed, a urine culture may be useful. In those with frequent infections, low dose antibiotics may be taken as a preventative measure.In uncomplicated cases, urinary tract infections are easily treated with a short course of antibiotics, although resistance to many of the antibiotics used to treat this condition is increasing. In complicated cases, a longer course or intravenous antibiotics may be needed, and if symptoms have not improved in two or three days, further diagnostic testing is needed. In women, urinary tract infections are the most common form of bacterial infection with 10% developing urinary tract infections yearly. In those who have bacteria or white blood cells in their urine but have no symptoms, antibiotics are generally not needed, although pregnant women are an exception to this recommendation.