Production of human epidermal growth factor using adenoviral
... mammalian cells for further application. In this research a chimeric gene, coding for the human epidermal growth factor was fused to the signal peptide for production of EGF in a secretory form. This was possible by excluding other domains of inactive EGF precursor and joining a signal peptide at am ...
... mammalian cells for further application. In this research a chimeric gene, coding for the human epidermal growth factor was fused to the signal peptide for production of EGF in a secretory form. This was possible by excluding other domains of inactive EGF precursor and joining a signal peptide at am ...
AP Biology
... (c) Hormonal signaling. Specialized endocrine cells secrete hormones into body fluids, often the blood. Hormones may reach virtually all C body cells. ...
... (c) Hormonal signaling. Specialized endocrine cells secrete hormones into body fluids, often the blood. Hormones may reach virtually all C body cells. ...
Cell Communication Lecture ppt
... Signal initiated by conformational change of receptor protein Signal is turned into a cellular response. Signaling cascades relay signals to target Multistep pathways can amplify a signal ...
... Signal initiated by conformational change of receptor protein Signal is turned into a cellular response. Signaling cascades relay signals to target Multistep pathways can amplify a signal ...
General Virology
... • When a virus infects a cell, nucleic acid must be uncoated and gain access to metabolic machinery of cell. • Virus life cycle is characterized by: – attachment – penetration, with entry of nucleic acid into cell – early expression of virus genes (either directly by translation, if virus contains " ...
... • When a virus infects a cell, nucleic acid must be uncoated and gain access to metabolic machinery of cell. • Virus life cycle is characterized by: – attachment – penetration, with entry of nucleic acid into cell – early expression of virus genes (either directly by translation, if virus contains " ...
What is a virus?
... requires the action of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Virus-specific antibody levels rise during the course of the infection, but antibody plays only a limited role in recovery. Specific antibodies play a very important role in preventing reinfection of the host with the same virus. Certain virus ...
... requires the action of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Virus-specific antibody levels rise during the course of the infection, but antibody plays only a limited role in recovery. Specific antibodies play a very important role in preventing reinfection of the host with the same virus. Certain virus ...
Interferon
Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also tumor cells. In a typical scenario, a virus-infected cell will release interferons causing nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses.IFNs belong to the large class of proteins known as cytokines, molecules used for communication between cells to trigger the protective defenses of the immune system that help eradicate pathogens. Interferons are named for their ability to ""interfere"" with viral replication by protecting cells from virus infections. IFNs also have various other functions: they activate immune cells, such as natural killer cells and macrophages; they increase host defenses by up-regulating antigen presentation by virtue of increasing the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. Certain symptoms of infections, such as fever, muscle pain and ""flu-like symptoms"", are also caused by the production of IFNs and other cytokines.More than twenty distinct IFN genes and proteins have been identified in animals, including humans. They are typically divided among three classes: Type I IFN, Type II IFN, and Type III IFN. IFNs belonging to all three classes are important for fighting viral infections and for the regulation of the immune system.