The prompt and afterglow emission of GRB991216
... phase of the oscillations •The energy and the number of photons increase with time Ruffini, Vitagliano and Xue (2004) Ruffini, Vereshchagin and Xue (2007) ...
... phase of the oscillations •The energy and the number of photons increase with time Ruffini, Vitagliano and Xue (2004) Ruffini, Vereshchagin and Xue (2007) ...
Low energy Electron Collision with Polar Molecules HCl and HBr in
... phase of matter. “Ionized” in this case means that at least one of electron has been dissociated from a proportion of the atoms or molecules. The free electric charges make the plasma electrically conductive, so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic field. This fourth state of matter was firs ...
... phase of matter. “Ionized” in this case means that at least one of electron has been dissociated from a proportion of the atoms or molecules. The free electric charges make the plasma electrically conductive, so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic field. This fourth state of matter was firs ...
The Ionosphere - Stanford Solar Center
... The other main source of variability in the ionosphere comes from charged particles responding to the neutral atmosphere in the thermosphere. The ionosphere responds to the thermospheric winds; they can push the ionosphere along the inclined magnetic field lines to a different altitude. The ionosphe ...
... The other main source of variability in the ionosphere comes from charged particles responding to the neutral atmosphere in the thermosphere. The ionosphere responds to the thermospheric winds; they can push the ionosphere along the inclined magnetic field lines to a different altitude. The ionosphe ...
On the electron temperature downstream of the solar wind
... The so-called “magnetic moment” of charged particles, tant dynamical role in structuring this shock and determining Data Systemsµ = mv⊥2 /2B, has experienced a somewhat Datacontroversial Systems apthe downstream plasma flow properties. Furthermore, they Discussions preciation in the plasma literatur ...
... The so-called “magnetic moment” of charged particles, tant dynamical role in structuring this shock and determining Data Systemsµ = mv⊥2 /2B, has experienced a somewhat Datacontroversial Systems apthe downstream plasma flow properties. Furthermore, they Discussions preciation in the plasma literatur ...
Interactions of Dust Bilayers in a GEC Plasma
... systems, and research of dusty plasmas has applications both in astrophysical studies and in industry. Indeed, dusty plasmas can be found in many celestial objects such as comet tails, nebulae, and Saturn’s rings [1, 2, 3], and the coagulation of dust in plasma environments is the birth of planetary ...
... systems, and research of dusty plasmas has applications both in astrophysical studies and in industry. Indeed, dusty plasmas can be found in many celestial objects such as comet tails, nebulae, and Saturn’s rings [1, 2, 3], and the coagulation of dust in plasma environments is the birth of planetary ...
Investigation of mass flows in the transition region and corona in a
... and with the horizontally averaged quantities, such as the average temperature (see Fig. 1) and density as a function of height, showing only a little variation over time. Below about 4 Mm, the computational domain contains material at and below chromospheric temperatures. This height encompasses te ...
... and with the horizontally averaged quantities, such as the average temperature (see Fig. 1) and density as a function of height, showing only a little variation over time. Below about 4 Mm, the computational domain contains material at and below chromospheric temperatures. This height encompasses te ...
Compton scattering in strong gravity
... True photon geodesic motion has been described in Section 2. In the simulation, where we assume straight photon paths, we replace Eq. (1) by its limit version for M = a = 0 and we solve it. That way, we can follow the marked direction of emitted photon as it would go through a flat spherically symme ...
... True photon geodesic motion has been described in Section 2. In the simulation, where we assume straight photon paths, we replace Eq. (1) by its limit version for M = a = 0 and we solve it. That way, we can follow the marked direction of emitted photon as it would go through a flat spherically symme ...
Title Three-dimensional diagnostics of dynamic behaviors of excited
... is seen that the discharge starts from the temporal anode edge, stretching toward the cathode, and a striated pattern of excited atoms appears on the anode side while a single broader peak distributes on the cathode side, traveling to its far end. In addition, the dependence on the applied voltage w ...
... is seen that the discharge starts from the temporal anode edge, stretching toward the cathode, and a striated pattern of excited atoms appears on the anode side while a single broader peak distributes on the cathode side, traveling to its far end. In addition, the dependence on the applied voltage w ...
Numerical simulation of the Helicon Double Layer Thruster
... • Floating boundary conditions. • Plasma generation is simulated through a source term. The advantage of Boltzmann electrons is that electron time scale ( plasma and gyro periods) do not have to be resolved, but on the other side it requires a non-linear Poison solver to determine the electrostatic ...
... • Floating boundary conditions. • Plasma generation is simulated through a source term. The advantage of Boltzmann electrons is that electron time scale ( plasma and gyro periods) do not have to be resolved, but on the other side it requires a non-linear Poison solver to determine the electrostatic ...
Kein Folientitel
... Whistler instability II The resonance region for electrons in the Whistler instability is located in the negative v plane, opposite to the wave propagation direction. Consider a dense cold and a dilute hot and anisotropic (Ae) electron component, with nh << nc. Then the growth rate scales like, ...
... Whistler instability II The resonance region for electrons in the Whistler instability is located in the negative v plane, opposite to the wave propagation direction. Consider a dense cold and a dilute hot and anisotropic (Ae) electron component, with nh << nc. Then the growth rate scales like, ...
Magnetic Reconnection Project - University of California
... • Reflection of electrons from inflowing ends of islands yields an efficient acceleration mechanism for electrons even when the parallel electric field is zero • When an ambient guide field is present, electrons can gain energy while moving either into or out of the page crucial for explaining the ...
... • Reflection of electrons from inflowing ends of islands yields an efficient acceleration mechanism for electrons even when the parallel electric field is zero • When an ambient guide field is present, electrons can gain energy while moving either into or out of the page crucial for explaining the ...
Plasma in ionosphere
... When the solar radiation is incident on a gas atom or molecule, the part of this radiation is absorbed by the atom, a free electron and a positively charged ion are produced. At the highest altitude the solar radiation is very strong but there are only few atoms are available to interact, so the ion ...
... When the solar radiation is incident on a gas atom or molecule, the part of this radiation is absorbed by the atom, a free electron and a positively charged ion are produced. At the highest altitude the solar radiation is very strong but there are only few atoms are available to interact, so the ion ...
Coronal magnetic topology and the production of solar impulsive
... Figure 4 shows the three successive solar flares recorded by the GOES soft X-ray (SXR) in 1−8 Å and the accompanied three groups of type III radio bursts observed by the Wind/WAVES radio spectrograms in the frequency range from 20 kHz to 14 MHz. Two vertical dashed lines mark the SPR times (plus 8.3 ...
... Figure 4 shows the three successive solar flares recorded by the GOES soft X-ray (SXR) in 1−8 Å and the accompanied three groups of type III radio bursts observed by the Wind/WAVES radio spectrograms in the frequency range from 20 kHz to 14 MHz. Two vertical dashed lines mark the SPR times (plus 8.3 ...
Twin-Double Layer Structure Producing Tailward Ion
... into two regions by a plane and the one region has a higher electron density than the other side. In this situation, the electrons may stream freely in either direction and the flux of electrons from the dense plasma to the low density plasma will be greater than the flux of the electrons from the l ...
... into two regions by a plane and the one region has a higher electron density than the other side. In this situation, the electrons may stream freely in either direction and the flux of electrons from the dense plasma to the low density plasma will be greater than the flux of the electrons from the l ...
Summary
... forces come into play. This is the case in the generalized Jeans instability. The number of free electrons is less than the number of ions, because some of the electrons are captured by the grains, and are therefore immobilized by the high dust masses. The charge of the dust grain depends on the loc ...
... forces come into play. This is the case in the generalized Jeans instability. The number of free electrons is less than the number of ions, because some of the electrons are captured by the grains, and are therefore immobilized by the high dust masses. The charge of the dust grain depends on the loc ...
ng - CAPCA
... • “Wakefields” phase velocity same as drive jet • Forms immediately behind the trailing edge • Continues to oscillate after the jet passes: can accelerate particles over very long distances. [See P. Chen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 693 (1985); talk at this Workshop] ...
... • “Wakefields” phase velocity same as drive jet • Forms immediately behind the trailing edge • Continues to oscillate after the jet passes: can accelerate particles over very long distances. [See P. Chen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 693 (1985); talk at this Workshop] ...
On the origin of the fast solar wind in polar coronal funnels
... 15 Mm, it turned out that we have to extend the model to greater heights. We decided to enlarge the model’s upper boundary to the height where we reach Parker’s sonic-critical point (at approximately two solar radii according to our model, which corresponds to earlier results by Hollweg (1986)). Thi ...
... 15 Mm, it turned out that we have to extend the model to greater heights. We decided to enlarge the model’s upper boundary to the height where we reach Parker’s sonic-critical point (at approximately two solar radii according to our model, which corresponds to earlier results by Hollweg (1986)). Thi ...
Synergistic effect of sterilization by microwave-excited atmospheric-pressure plasma jet using photo-catalyst TiO2 with H2O2 and distilled water
... Abstract: A microwave-excited atmospheric-pressure plasma jet is applied to inactivate Gram-positive bacteria, S. mutans using photo-catalyst TiO2 with H2O2. Unlike UV-based sterilization methods, a significant synergy on the bactericidal effect is observed when the plasma is combined with TiO2 and ...
... Abstract: A microwave-excited atmospheric-pressure plasma jet is applied to inactivate Gram-positive bacteria, S. mutans using photo-catalyst TiO2 with H2O2. Unlike UV-based sterilization methods, a significant synergy on the bactericidal effect is observed when the plasma is combined with TiO2 and ...
Kinetic Studies of Nonrelativistic Young Supernova Remnant
... an important role in the development of the system. Ionion or ion-electron streaming generally drives the turbulence, which is mainly magnetic. The exact type of an instability, however, depends on the location in the shock precursor and is generally different for forward and reverse shocks. In the ...
... an important role in the development of the system. Ionion or ion-electron streaming generally drives the turbulence, which is mainly magnetic. The exact type of an instability, however, depends on the location in the shock precursor and is generally different for forward and reverse shocks. In the ...
q - Indico
... Amount of ionization produced in a gas is not very great. A minimum ionizing particle (m.i.p.) typically produces 30 ion pairs per cm from primary ionization in commonly used gases (e.g. Argon) The total ionization is ~100 ion pairs per cm including the secondary ionization caused by faster primary ...
... Amount of ionization produced in a gas is not very great. A minimum ionizing particle (m.i.p.) typically produces 30 ion pairs per cm from primary ionization in commonly used gases (e.g. Argon) The total ionization is ~100 ion pairs per cm including the secondary ionization caused by faster primary ...
Physics 5K Lecture 1 - Friday April 6, 2012 Joel Primack Physics
... Let’s suppose that we illuminate the slits so that we can see which slit each electron goes through. In that case, the electrons behave the same way as bullets -- no interference! Now we turn the light down, so that we can only see which slit about half the electrons went through. It turns out that ...
... Let’s suppose that we illuminate the slits so that we can see which slit each electron goes through. In that case, the electrons behave the same way as bullets -- no interference! Now we turn the light down, so that we can only see which slit about half the electrons went through. It turns out that ...
Slide 1
... strong B) from L=10 to L=6. Dashed curve for an isotropic distribution transported outward from L=6 to L=10 and the solid curve for transport of an initially ‘pancake’ electron pitch angle distribution with f(v) sin0.5/E2 outward over the same distance. To investige electron PADs as a function of ...
... strong B) from L=10 to L=6. Dashed curve for an isotropic distribution transported outward from L=6 to L=10 and the solid curve for transport of an initially ‘pancake’ electron pitch angle distribution with f(v) sin0.5/E2 outward over the same distance. To investige electron PADs as a function of ...
(2004) - H. Peter
... (for AB Dor ~ 3 R) speculation by Collier Cameron (2001): could these prominences cause the transition region tail components? ...
... (for AB Dor ~ 3 R) speculation by Collier Cameron (2001): could these prominences cause the transition region tail components? ...
Corona discharge
In electricity, a corona discharge is an electrical discharge brought on by the ionization of a fluid surrounding a conductor that is electrically charged. Spontaneous corona discharges occur naturally in high-voltage systems unless care is taken to limit the electric field strength. The corona will occur when the strength (potential gradient) of the electric field around a conductor is high enough to form a conductive region, but not high enough to cause electrical breakdown or arcing to nearby objects. It is often seen as a bluish (or other color) glow in the air adjacent to pointed metal conductors carrying high voltages, and emits light by the same property as a gas discharge lamp. The ionized gas of a corona is chemically active. In air, this generates gases such as ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxide (NO), and in turn nitric oxide (NO2), and thus nitric acid if water vapor is present. Ozone is intentionally created this way in an ozone generator, otherwise, these highly corrosive substances are objectionable or hazardous, and are undesirable where they waste power in electrical systems. Controlled corona discharges are used in a variety of filtration, printing, and other processes.