On the electron-ion temperature ratio established by - Hal-CEA
... plasmas in objects like young supernova remnants (SNRs) are likely not to have reached full temperature equilibrium throughout the entire shell (Itoh 1978; Vink 2012; Ghavamian et al. 2013). The non-equilibration of ion and electron temperatures is not only important for SNRs, but appears also to af ...
... plasmas in objects like young supernova remnants (SNRs) are likely not to have reached full temperature equilibrium throughout the entire shell (Itoh 1978; Vink 2012; Ghavamian et al. 2013). The non-equilibration of ion and electron temperatures is not only important for SNRs, but appears also to af ...
Solar chromospheric flares: energy release, transport and radiation
... when the field has simplified into a clear arcade or cusp structure, there is evidence from the anomalously long-lived hot coronal plasma that substantial energy release may continue throughout the gradual phase (Feldman et al. 1995; Jiang et al. 2006; Kołomański et al. 2011). Nevertheless it is th ...
... when the field has simplified into a clear arcade or cusp structure, there is evidence from the anomalously long-lived hot coronal plasma that substantial energy release may continue throughout the gradual phase (Feldman et al. 1995; Jiang et al. 2006; Kołomański et al. 2011). Nevertheless it is th ...
Document
... The observed X-ray flux is small at 90 degrees, so the second hemisphere is not visible, and outer parts of the disk have larger thickness, that SS model. The observational points correspond to the angle ~60 degrees. ...
... The observed X-ray flux is small at 90 degrees, so the second hemisphere is not visible, and outer parts of the disk have larger thickness, that SS model. The observational points correspond to the angle ~60 degrees. ...
The on quilibrium ISIS
... e.g. 1D steadystate adiabatic wind (Ji et al. 2006), single radiative shock flow in IGM (Ji et al. 2007), a slab of photoionization plasma with time evolving ionization sources. allowing selfconsistent modelling of N ...
... e.g. 1D steadystate adiabatic wind (Ji et al. 2006), single radiative shock flow in IGM (Ji et al. 2007), a slab of photoionization plasma with time evolving ionization sources. allowing selfconsistent modelling of N ...
Determination of the levitation limits of dust particles within the
... C 2012 American Institute of Physics. outside the linearly increasing portion of the electric field. V [doi:10.1063/1.3677360] ...
... C 2012 American Institute of Physics. outside the linearly increasing portion of the electric field. V [doi:10.1063/1.3677360] ...
Department of Physics and Astronomy University of
... of heavy isotopes in dense stellar plasmas is not generally available, we need to derive theoretical values for the ionization degree. To this end we consider plasma conditions characteristic for s-process nucleosynthesis and calculate probabilities for various charged states and ionization stages ...
... of heavy isotopes in dense stellar plasmas is not generally available, we need to derive theoretical values for the ionization degree. To this end we consider plasma conditions characteristic for s-process nucleosynthesis and calculate probabilities for various charged states and ionization stages ...
The current status of ”Troitsk nu-mass”
... experiment are the Windowless Gaseous Tritium Source (WGTS) and the Electrostatic Spectrometer with Magnetic Adiabatic Collimation (ESMAC). Gaseous source, while being very complex to manufacture and maintain, is needed to avoid solid state effects such as source charging, neighbor excitation and ba ...
... experiment are the Windowless Gaseous Tritium Source (WGTS) and the Electrostatic Spectrometer with Magnetic Adiabatic Collimation (ESMAC). Gaseous source, while being very complex to manufacture and maintain, is needed to avoid solid state effects such as source charging, neighbor excitation and ba ...
Electron Firehose instability and acceleration of electrons in solar
... collisions the interaction results in an energy gain for the particle. As in the shock acceleration model, the acceleration by MHD turbulence suffers from an ’injection problem’: Thermal ions and electrons cannot resonate with MHD waves for typical solar pre-flare conditions. A solution for this pro ...
... collisions the interaction results in an energy gain for the particle. As in the shock acceleration model, the acceleration by MHD turbulence suffers from an ’injection problem’: Thermal ions and electrons cannot resonate with MHD waves for typical solar pre-flare conditions. A solution for this pro ...
Collisionless interaction of an energetic laser produced plasma C. Constantin
... and intensities (∼5 × 1010 W/cm2 ) discovered that shear Alfvén waves are radiated from the laser-plasma. These experiments also studied the evolution of the laser plasma expansion in magnetized environments and the consequent formation of a diamagnetic cavity (VanZeeland and Gekelman 2004). Recentl ...
... and intensities (∼5 × 1010 W/cm2 ) discovered that shear Alfvén waves are radiated from the laser-plasma. These experiments also studied the evolution of the laser plasma expansion in magnetized environments and the consequent formation of a diamagnetic cavity (VanZeeland and Gekelman 2004). Recentl ...
volume 86 part 3 - Australian ITER Forum
... constituents (negatively-charged electrons and positivelycharged ions, which are in equal numbers so as to maintain overall electrical neutrality) is dominated by the long-range interactions of many ‘distant’ particles. In fact, many plasmas contain a significant number of unionised neutral atoms, b ...
... constituents (negatively-charged electrons and positivelycharged ions, which are in equal numbers so as to maintain overall electrical neutrality) is dominated by the long-range interactions of many ‘distant’ particles. In fact, many plasmas contain a significant number of unionised neutral atoms, b ...
01.1PART I_Ch1.fm - The Thunderbolts Project
... laws, the resulting complexity continues to astonish the specialists who study it. Because plasma exhibits characteristics not found in solids, liquids, or gases, it has been called "the fundamental state of matter." It can self-organize into cells of differing electrical characteristics. Electric c ...
... laws, the resulting complexity continues to astonish the specialists who study it. Because plasma exhibits characteristics not found in solids, liquids, or gases, it has been called "the fundamental state of matter." It can self-organize into cells of differing electrical characteristics. Electric c ...
small free negative ions
... 1.2 eV he gives for the C atom (his only value for this species) is quite accurate and is based on the same method he used to get the values cited in the table above; this is the reason for our own preference of the lower values for the affinities of Caand Ca. J. Berkowitz, W. A. Chupka, and T. A. W ...
... 1.2 eV he gives for the C atom (his only value for this species) is quite accurate and is based on the same method he used to get the values cited in the table above; this is the reason for our own preference of the lower values for the affinities of Caand Ca. J. Berkowitz, W. A. Chupka, and T. A. W ...
Notes on Photoionized Regions 1. Introduction 2. Hydrogen Nebulae
... The existence of the helium ionization zone also modifies the hydrogen ionization zone. This is for two reasons. One is that photons above 24.6 eV are absorbed by helium and so are not availa ...
... The existence of the helium ionization zone also modifies the hydrogen ionization zone. This is for two reasons. One is that photons above 24.6 eV are absorbed by helium and so are not availa ...
H3O Overtone Spectroscopy
... the chemically relevant energy levels. Unlike the fundamental bands, the overtone transitions are strictly forbidden in the harmonic limit of the potential, and therefore their non-zero oscillator strengths are derived from the anharmonic effects. Moreover due to the higher energy of the excitation ...
... the chemically relevant energy levels. Unlike the fundamental bands, the overtone transitions are strictly forbidden in the harmonic limit of the potential, and therefore their non-zero oscillator strengths are derived from the anharmonic effects. Moreover due to the higher energy of the excitation ...
Power Point slides for Reporter Review
... Energy budget of field line resonance with anomalous resistivity included shows maximum dissipation at intermediate scales (~ 10 km) (Streltsov and Lotko, 2003) Role of E|| in reflection of Alfvén waves trapped in ionospheric Alfvén resonator emphasized (Pilipenko et al., 2002) Model coupling the io ...
... Energy budget of field line resonance with anomalous resistivity included shows maximum dissipation at intermediate scales (~ 10 km) (Streltsov and Lotko, 2003) Role of E|| in reflection of Alfvén waves trapped in ionospheric Alfvén resonator emphasized (Pilipenko et al., 2002) Model coupling the io ...
Double Layer Observations and role in particle acceleration
... Double layers are regions of charge separation along B that produce parallel E and parallel potential drops They were proposed by Alfven 55 years ago to be the mechanism for accelerating electrons in astrophysics Until now, they have not been observed with sufficient total potentials to matter VAP h ...
... Double layers are regions of charge separation along B that produce parallel E and parallel potential drops They were proposed by Alfven 55 years ago to be the mechanism for accelerating electrons in astrophysics Until now, they have not been observed with sufficient total potentials to matter VAP h ...
A novel mechanism for electron-cyclotron maser
... Another important instability driven by a fast electron beam is the Langmuir wave (LW) instability, which usually has a much faster growth rate than that of the AW instability. However, this does not imply that the LW instability is more important than the AW instability. The propagation of the LW c ...
... Another important instability driven by a fast electron beam is the Langmuir wave (LW) instability, which usually has a much faster growth rate than that of the AW instability. However, this does not imply that the LW instability is more important than the AW instability. The propagation of the LW c ...
Two-stream instability in collisionless shocks and foreshock
... shocks that support Fermi acceleration [21–25]. We concentrate on electron Fermi acceleration, which requires a seed of hot electrons. It must be produced by an injection mechanism that may be facilitated by the shock-reflected beams of ions [26–31]. The ion beams drive waves that accelerate particl ...
... shocks that support Fermi acceleration [21–25]. We concentrate on electron Fermi acceleration, which requires a seed of hot electrons. It must be produced by an injection mechanism that may be facilitated by the shock-reflected beams of ions [26–31]. The ion beams drive waves that accelerate particl ...
Yield of Ozone, Nitrite Nitrogen and Hydrogen Peroxide Versus
... water (blue line). Meanwhile, the intensity spectrum of N2 (337.1 nm) was used as a reference, and the intensity of APPJ in air was adjusted to be approximately equal to the one in water. With the same discharge energy the intensity of the OH spectra band (306.2 nm to 320 nm, A2 Σ → X 2 Π) [33−35] , ...
... water (blue line). Meanwhile, the intensity spectrum of N2 (337.1 nm) was used as a reference, and the intensity of APPJ in air was adjusted to be approximately equal to the one in water. With the same discharge energy the intensity of the OH spectra band (306.2 nm to 320 nm, A2 Σ → X 2 Π) [33−35] , ...
The influence of negatively charged, heavier
... out by a number of authors and the results have been applied for the explanation of these waves. However, as mentioned above, O- has also been observed. First Phase: The discovery of O- ions allows one to model a cometary plasma as a pair-ion plasma with hydrogen as a third constituent. We thus prop ...
... out by a number of authors and the results have been applied for the explanation of these waves. However, as mentioned above, O- has also been observed. First Phase: The discovery of O- ions allows one to model a cometary plasma as a pair-ion plasma with hydrogen as a third constituent. We thus prop ...
Simulations of Collisionless Perpendicular Shocks in Partially
... proposed important effects of the neutral particles on collisionless shocks and particles accelerations [4–8]. One of the most interesting results is that some neutral particles leak into the shock upstream region from the downstream region. The leaking neutral particles change the shock structure a ...
... proposed important effects of the neutral particles on collisionless shocks and particles accelerations [4–8]. One of the most interesting results is that some neutral particles leak into the shock upstream region from the downstream region. The leaking neutral particles change the shock structure a ...
55_1.pdf
... open field lines (1). The abundance of photospheric magnetograms made on a routine basis has led solar astronomers to extrapolate photospheric measurements into the solar corona using the so-called source surface magnetic field models. Magnetic field modeling represents the other source of informati ...
... open field lines (1). The abundance of photospheric magnetograms made on a routine basis has led solar astronomers to extrapolate photospheric measurements into the solar corona using the so-called source surface magnetic field models. Magnetic field modeling represents the other source of informati ...
How the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center is transforming the
... and technicians have begun testing and tuning the first of 33 individual undulator magnets to arrive from Argonne National Lab. The LCLS will begin operating with one linac, one undulator hall, and six experimental stations. In the future, the one-and-only linac might call upon two-thirds or even all ...
... and technicians have begun testing and tuning the first of 33 individual undulator magnets to arrive from Argonne National Lab. The LCLS will begin operating with one linac, one undulator hall, and six experimental stations. In the future, the one-and-only linac might call upon two-thirds or even all ...
Time evolution of the particle distribution function in a high
... It is well known that in a nondegenerate fully ionized between the particles; plasma the kinetic stage in the evolution of the system can be b) the mean interaction energy ( V ) is much leaa than divided into three time intervals with different scales, in the mean kinetic energy kT; thus, for the Co ...
... It is well known that in a nondegenerate fully ionized between the particles; plasma the kinetic stage in the evolution of the system can be b) the mean interaction energy ( V ) is much leaa than divided into three time intervals with different scales, in the mean kinetic energy kT; thus, for the Co ...
Corona discharge
In electricity, a corona discharge is an electrical discharge brought on by the ionization of a fluid surrounding a conductor that is electrically charged. Spontaneous corona discharges occur naturally in high-voltage systems unless care is taken to limit the electric field strength. The corona will occur when the strength (potential gradient) of the electric field around a conductor is high enough to form a conductive region, but not high enough to cause electrical breakdown or arcing to nearby objects. It is often seen as a bluish (or other color) glow in the air adjacent to pointed metal conductors carrying high voltages, and emits light by the same property as a gas discharge lamp. The ionized gas of a corona is chemically active. In air, this generates gases such as ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxide (NO), and in turn nitric oxide (NO2), and thus nitric acid if water vapor is present. Ozone is intentionally created this way in an ozone generator, otherwise, these highly corrosive substances are objectionable or hazardous, and are undesirable where they waste power in electrical systems. Controlled corona discharges are used in a variety of filtration, printing, and other processes.