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ESC 2003
ESC 2003

... One can titrate oral thrombin inhibitors to the right dose • Dose is well tolerated in the long-term Heartbeat – Sept 2003 ...
plavix* data sheet
plavix* data sheet

... (oral anti-coagulants and long term NSAIDs were not permitted). Patients were treated for up to one year. The number of patients experiencing the primary endpoint [cardiovascular (CV) death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke] was 582 (9.3%) in the clopidogrel-treated group and 719 (11.4%) in the ...
ASPIRIN 75 mg, WHICH FORMULATION?
ASPIRIN 75 mg, WHICH FORMULATION?

... Introduction Who should get prophylactic low-dose aspirin? A recent meta-analysis demonstrated that aspirin is protective in most types of patient at increased risk of occlusive events, including those with an acute myocardial infarction (MI) or ischaemic stroke, unstable or stable angina, previous ...
Guideline for the use of clopidogrel in combination
Guideline for the use of clopidogrel in combination

... Troponin –ve patients should only receive clopidogrel if they meet the definition above. Clopidogrel in combination with aspirin should be continued for 12 months after the most recent acute episode of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome, as defined above. Thereafter standard care, including tr ...
354 KB
354 KB

... - Verapamil or diltiazem: In a clinical trial, patients on diltiazem treated concomitantly with simvastatin 80 mg had an increased risk of myopathy. The dose of simvastatin should not exceed 20 mg daily in patients receiving concomitant medication with verapamil or diltiazem. - Amlodipine: In a clin ...
Ketamine Parenteral and Oral Dose Recommendations
Ketamine Parenteral and Oral Dose Recommendations

... o Onset of action: 1-5 min IV/IM, 15-30 min SC; 30 min o Plasma half-life: 1-3 hrs (ketamine); 12 hrs (norketamine o Duration of action: 4-12 hrs (oral); 10-15 min IV o Metabolism: N-demethylation via CYP2B6, CYP 2C8/9, CYP 3A4 substrates to norketamine (primary metabolite); norketamine meta ...
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These

... Test all patients for evidence of current or prior HBV infection by measuring HBsAg and antiHBc before initiating HCV treatment with VIEKIRA XR. In patients with serologic evidence of HBV infection, monitor for clinical and laboratory signs of hepatitis flare or HBV reactivation during HCV treatment ...
Dosage adjustment for cytotox
Dosage adjustment for cytotox

... those with normal hepatic function. However the drug should be used with caution as it is metabolised by hepatic enzymes. In addition there is also some limited data suggesting that azacitadine may be hepatotoxic in patients with severe pre existing hepatic impairment. The starting dose for the drug ...
Dosage Adjustment for Cytotoxics in Hepatic Impairment
Dosage Adjustment for Cytotoxics in Hepatic Impairment

... those with normal hepatic function. However the drug should be used with caution as it is metabolised by hepatic enzymes. In addition there is also some limited data suggesting that azacitadine may be hepatotoxic in patients with severe pre existing hepatic impairment. The starting dose for the drug ...
Patient Profile For Larry Besloft
Patient Profile For Larry Besloft

... acting half life torsemide (Demadex), a loop diuretic, will allow for big reductions in dosing thereby sparing more potassium and calcium. Flomax - an alpha blocker used to treat BPH and works well, but in fact in many older patients on antihypertensive medications will lower the blood pressure even ...
ZOCOR® Product Monograph - Morley Evans Insight
ZOCOR® Product Monograph - Morley Evans Insight

... (> 10 X the upper limit of normal [ULN]). Myopathy sometimes takes the form of rhabdomyolysis with or without acute renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria, and rare fatalities have occured. The risk of myopathy is increased by high levels of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity in plasma. In the ...
EMA/CHMP/83874/2014
EMA/CHMP/83874/2014

... Renal function can be decreased either through renal disease/renal toxicity or as a consequence of ageing. Renal impairment has not only been associated with decreased renal excretion of drugs and metabolites but also with changes in absorption, in metabolism and active transport in the kidney, live ...
Drug-induced oral lichenoid reactions. A literature review
Drug-induced oral lichenoid reactions. A literature review

... these lesions are described according to the causal factor involved, including alterations resulting from direct contact with dental restoration materials, drug-related lesions, and lesions associated to graft-versus-host disease. Drug-induced oral lichenoid reactions or oral lichenoid lesions were ...
A Quick Reference to Drugs commonly used in the
A Quick Reference to Drugs commonly used in the

... CNS toxicity (more common with Cycloserine), skin rash 10 mg/kg/day Extend dose interval and adjust by monitoring drug levels (Target – 2030micromg/ml) GFR 10-50 ml/min – Extend dosing interval to 24 hrs GFR <10 ml/min – Extend dosing interval to 36-48 hrs N/A Use only if no alternatives Give infant ...
Perspectives and challenges of interferon-free therapy for chronic hepatitis C Zeuzem
Perspectives and challenges of interferon-free therapy for chronic hepatitis C Zeuzem

... pegIFN-a and ribavirin only [26]. Other NS5A inhibitors (e.g., BMS-824393, ABT-267, PPI-461, GS-5885) are in earlier clinical development. Due to their high antiviral activity against all HCV genotypes, NS5A inhibitors are highly promising combination therapy partners for interferon-free therapy reg ...
Assessing the Plasma Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution
Assessing the Plasma Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution

... (Intralipid), the area under [3H]cholesterol concentration versus time curve and maximum plasma concentration of [3H]cholesterol were decreased in a dosedependent manner (7). An explanation for these findings may be due to the inhibition or displacement of cholesterol from cholesterol-containing mic ...
FSC402H Forensic Toxicology of Common Pharmaceuticals
FSC402H Forensic Toxicology of Common Pharmaceuticals

... Drugs shown to impair motor and/or cognitive performance Benzodiazepines Barbiturates Tricyclic Antidepressants Anti-Histamines Some Anticonvulsants (Carbamazepine, Gabapentin, Phenytoin) Anti-psychotics (Chloripromazine, Haloperidol, Lithium, Thioridazine) Narcotic Analgesics ...
Concomitant Administration of Clopidogrel With Statins or Calcium
Concomitant Administration of Clopidogrel With Statins or Calcium

... Dr. Wiviott is a consultant for Angelmed, Eisai, Aegerion, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, St. Jude Medical, and Xoma; and has received research funding from Merck & Co., Eisai, AstraZeneca, and Eli Lilly and Company/Daichi Sankyo. Dr. Antman has received research funding from Eli Lilly and Company and Dai ...
Keppra® (levetiracetam)
Keppra® (levetiracetam)

... impaired renal function. A pharmacokinetic study in 16 elderly subjects (age 61-88 years) showed a decrease in clearance by about 40% with oral administration of both single dose and 10 days of multiple twice-daily dosing. This decrease is most likely due to the expected decrease in renal function i ...
SPORANOX® Oral Solution
SPORANOX® Oral Solution

... each given for 7 days. Maintenance therapy of itraconazole 100 mg b.i.d. or fluconazole 100 mg o.d. one day per week was given for 12 weeks. At day 7, 86% of evaluable patients (n = 124) receiving itraconazole had a global evaluation of cured or markedly improved, 41% had a negative culture and 64% ...
VAGINAL BLEEDING AFTER USE OF SINGLE DOSE ORAL
VAGINAL BLEEDING AFTER USE OF SINGLE DOSE ORAL

... Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue. It can be used in both gastroenterological and obstetrical and gynecological conditions. In gastroenterology use, misoprostol therapy is indicated in patients who have duodenal or gastric ulcer due to use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ...
NEXIUM ® I.V. - PI
NEXIUM ® I.V. - PI

... • Adults: Dose is either 20 mg or 40 mg NEXIUM given once daily by intravenous injection (no less than 3 minutes) or intravenous infusion (10 minutes to 30 minutes). • Pediatric: Give the following doses once daily as an intravenous infusion over 10 minutes to 30 minutes. (2.1): • 1 year to 17 ...
Herb-medicine interactions: St John`s wort
Herb-medicine interactions: St John`s wort

... basis of the interactions. It may be used, together with other information sources, as a basis to provide advice to patients. Most products containing St John’s wort for oral use do not have a marketing authorisation. They are supplied as herbal remedies exempt from licensing under the Medicines Act ...
Interactive Association of Drugs Binding to Human
Interactive Association of Drugs Binding to Human

... slightly shifted if we compared them with their positions in the corresponding single drug complexes presumably as a result of drug–drug contacts [53]. The most striking effect of co-binding of these two drugs is the concerted rearrangement of Arg218 and Arg222, the principal effect of which is to s ...
Making sense of itraconazole pharmacokinetics
Making sense of itraconazole pharmacokinetics

... The azole group of synthetic aromatic compounds (imidazoles and triazoles) are all structurally similar with a five-membered azole ring and a complex side chain. They have a broad range of mostly fungistatic activity which varies significantly between the members of the group and two in vitro studie ...
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Discovery and development of direct thrombin inhibitors



Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) are a class of anticoagulant drugs that can be used to prevent and treat embolisms and blood clots caused by various diseases. They inhibit thrombin, a serine protease which affects the coagulation cascade in many ways. DTIs have undergone rapid development since the 90's. With technological advances in genetic engineering the production of recombinant hirudin was made possible which opened the door to this new group of drugs. Before the use of DTIs the therapy and prophylaxis for anticoagulation had stayed the same for over 50 years with the use of heparin derivatives and warfarin which have some well known disadvantages. DTIs are still under development, but the research focus has shifted towards factor Xa inhibitors, or even dual thrombin and fXa inhibitors that have a broader mechanism of action by both inhibiting factor IIa (thrombin) and Xa. A recent review of patents and literature on thrombin inhibitors has demonstrated that the development of allosteric and multi-mechanism inhibitors might lead the way to a more safer anticoagulant.
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