Peripheral accumulation in the world economy: A cross
... Abstract The persistence and growth of the informal economy have puzzled researchers and challenged mainstream explanations of the development of the informal economy. This study utilizes a world-systems approach for explaining cross-national variation in the size of the informal economy for a sampl ...
... Abstract The persistence and growth of the informal economy have puzzled researchers and challenged mainstream explanations of the development of the informal economy. This study utilizes a world-systems approach for explaining cross-national variation in the size of the informal economy for a sampl ...
Key Trends in International Merchandise Trade
... Notwithstanding the economic crisis, world trade has increased dramatically over the past decade, rising almost three-fold since 2002 to reach about US$18 trillion in 2011. Developed countries continue to constitute the main players in international trade, however developing countries account for an ...
... Notwithstanding the economic crisis, world trade has increased dramatically over the past decade, rising almost three-fold since 2002 to reach about US$18 trillion in 2011. Developed countries continue to constitute the main players in international trade, however developing countries account for an ...
The Margins of Global Sourcing: Theory and
... growing feature of the world economy (Hummels et al., 2001; Hanson et al., 2005). As global value chains rise in importance, a firm’s production is more likely than ever to span multiple countries. There is also mounting evidence that firm-level decisions play a critical role in explaining trade pat ...
... growing feature of the world economy (Hummels et al., 2001; Hanson et al., 2005). As global value chains rise in importance, a firm’s production is more likely than ever to span multiple countries. There is also mounting evidence that firm-level decisions play a critical role in explaining trade pat ...
Indicators of quality adjusted price competitiveness
... One of the main differences between both channels concerns the relationship between firms’ efficiency and output price. On the one hand, the “price/cost competitiveness” channel implies that firms with lower production costs are more efficient and set lower prices. On the other hand, the “non-price ...
... One of the main differences between both channels concerns the relationship between firms’ efficiency and output price. On the one hand, the “price/cost competitiveness” channel implies that firms with lower production costs are more efficient and set lower prices. On the other hand, the “non-price ...
Trade Elasticities - European Commission
... a broad range of past and current issues in international economics. Export elasticities are often invoked to illustrate the relative resilience of certain exporters in the face of a sudden deterioration in their competitive position. The price elasticity of imports, in turn, re‡ects consumers’…deli ...
... a broad range of past and current issues in international economics. Export elasticities are often invoked to illustrate the relative resilience of certain exporters in the face of a sudden deterioration in their competitive position. The price elasticity of imports, in turn, re‡ects consumers’…deli ...
PDF
... in relative factor endowments. We include these recent empirical advances in the overview of the theoretical developments. 2.1 Traditional theories As do many other theories, trade theories ¢nd some of their roots in Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations (1776). Smith showed that trade is possible when ...
... in relative factor endowments. We include these recent empirical advances in the overview of the theoretical developments. 2.1 Traditional theories As do many other theories, trade theories ¢nd some of their roots in Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations (1776). Smith showed that trade is possible when ...
Essays on Globalization –
... that it becomes difficult for graduate students and others to enter this area” (as cited in Hertel 1997) This volume is a collection of GTAP applications in which I have participated with several co-authors. Studies applying AGE models are often used as background papers in real policy cases, in whi ...
... that it becomes difficult for graduate students and others to enter this area” (as cited in Hertel 1997) This volume is a collection of GTAP applications in which I have participated with several co-authors. Studies applying AGE models are often used as background papers in real policy cases, in whi ...
IFM - paperhint
... products that can be produced most efficiently in that country. The Pattern of International Trade displays patterns that are easy to understand (Saudi Arabia/oil or China/crawfish). Others are not so easy to understand (Japan and ...
... products that can be produced most efficiently in that country. The Pattern of International Trade displays patterns that are easy to understand (Saudi Arabia/oil or China/crawfish). Others are not so easy to understand (Japan and ...
Full text - Paris School of Economics
... U.S. case, labor would bear 70% of the burden of the tax and capital would bear 30% of the burden; workers abroad receive higher wages of a magnitude equal to 70% of the total burden, while foreign capital bears 70% of the burden. (J.G.) Gravelle and Smetters (2006) also consider the role of the im ...
... U.S. case, labor would bear 70% of the burden of the tax and capital would bear 30% of the burden; workers abroad receive higher wages of a magnitude equal to 70% of the total burden, while foreign capital bears 70% of the burden. (J.G.) Gravelle and Smetters (2006) also consider the role of the im ...
Integration of Central and Eastern European Countries: Increasing
... formulated as well. On the other hand, it is not so important whether the way to competitiveness should be based on, e.g., knowledge economy, cheap exports or tourism since, in our opinion, there could be more alternative ways to prosperity. Rather than particular forms of economic policies, the exi ...
... formulated as well. On the other hand, it is not so important whether the way to competitiveness should be based on, e.g., knowledge economy, cheap exports or tourism since, in our opinion, there could be more alternative ways to prosperity. Rather than particular forms of economic policies, the exi ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Gordon H. Hanson Chong Xiang
... location; in the presence of transport costs, it makes sense for this location to be a market with high product demand. Goods that are subject to weak scale economies and/or low transport costs are then produced by small economies. The home-market effect implies a link between market size and expor ...
... location; in the presence of transport costs, it makes sense for this location to be a market with high product demand. Goods that are subject to weak scale economies and/or low transport costs are then produced by small economies. The home-market effect implies a link between market size and expor ...
Welfare Costs of Inflation and the Circulation of US Currency Abroad
... Bailey’s study focused on the distortions to money demand that arise when agents ine¢ ciently manage their monetary holdings for transaction purposes because of in‡ation.1 He argued that in‡ation acts as a tax on real monetary balances and that it implies welfare costs (the so-called “shoe-leather c ...
... Bailey’s study focused on the distortions to money demand that arise when agents ine¢ ciently manage their monetary holdings for transaction purposes because of in‡ation.1 He argued that in‡ation acts as a tax on real monetary balances and that it implies welfare costs (the so-called “shoe-leather c ...
The Home Market Effect and Bilateral Trade Patterns
... and Theiry Mayer, 2003). We will assume that there is no international specialization at the industry level (although there is specialization at the product-variety level),7 and that there are many industries with high values of σ and low values of x, and vice-versa. This latter assumption is necess ...
... and Theiry Mayer, 2003). We will assume that there is no international specialization at the industry level (although there is specialization at the product-variety level),7 and that there are many industries with high values of σ and low values of x, and vice-versa. This latter assumption is necess ...
Appendix to Chapter 1 - We can offer most test bank and solution
... c. International trade d. International business e. Regional investment Answer: (d) Difficulty: (2) Knowledge: (F) Page: 12 14. Although it is not widely known, foreign production constitutes a much larger portion of international business than __________________________________. a. international tr ...
... c. International trade d. International business e. Regional investment Answer: (d) Difficulty: (2) Knowledge: (F) Page: 12 14. Although it is not widely known, foreign production constitutes a much larger portion of international business than __________________________________. a. international tr ...
Economic Consequences of the Doha Round For
... of industrial trade are likely to exceed those they can expect from further liberalisation of services trade and, a fortiori, from further liberalisation of agricultural trade. This also holds true even if liberalisation by industrialised countries only is considered. In the case of agricultural tra ...
... of industrial trade are likely to exceed those they can expect from further liberalisation of services trade and, a fortiori, from further liberalisation of agricultural trade. This also holds true even if liberalisation by industrialised countries only is considered. In the case of agricultural tra ...
The Impact of the Doha Round on Kenya
... wage employment (Ministry of Tourism data). The 2007 political turmoil in Kenya and the current global financial crisis have weakened each one of these pillars. Returning to growth will require bold and well-executed policies. Investment flows will not only have to recover their high rates of the pa ...
... wage employment (Ministry of Tourism data). The 2007 political turmoil in Kenya and the current global financial crisis have weakened each one of these pillars. Returning to growth will require bold and well-executed policies. Investment flows will not only have to recover their high rates of the pa ...
WORLD TRADE
... agreement was reached to eliminate restrictions on trade in textiles and clothing under the Multi-Fibre Arrangement. This paper deals only with market access. It presents a tally of (a) implementation of market access commitments, i.e., of the agreed removal or reduction of import restrictions; and ...
... agreement was reached to eliminate restrictions on trade in textiles and clothing under the Multi-Fibre Arrangement. This paper deals only with market access. It presents a tally of (a) implementation of market access commitments, i.e., of the agreed removal or reduction of import restrictions; and ...
Preview
... play important roles in the process of euro adoption even if some factors are more important than others. The most important factor in these three cases is the stance of the government in power. Where the government is pro-European there is a much stronger likelihood that it will aim for euro adopti ...
... play important roles in the process of euro adoption even if some factors are more important than others. The most important factor in these three cases is the stance of the government in power. Where the government is pro-European there is a much stronger likelihood that it will aim for euro adopti ...
Does Geographical Diversification in International Trade Reduce
... variables, including the Herfindahl index (HI) for geographical diversification, and other variables that capture various characteristics of international flows. The source for the bilateral trade data is Dyadic Trade Data which is based on the International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade Statis ...
... variables, including the Herfindahl index (HI) for geographical diversification, and other variables that capture various characteristics of international flows. The source for the bilateral trade data is Dyadic Trade Data which is based on the International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade Statis ...
PDF - La Follette School of Public Affairs
... differentiated products from aggregate trade, this paper also demonstrates two other things: (i) bilateral trade flows among OECD countries, especially in the sectors of differentiated products, are well explained by the monopolistic competition model; but (ii) trade flows among nonOECD countries ar ...
... differentiated products from aggregate trade, this paper also demonstrates two other things: (i) bilateral trade flows among OECD countries, especially in the sectors of differentiated products, are well explained by the monopolistic competition model; but (ii) trade flows among nonOECD countries ar ...
mega and agglomerated regions register high per capita
... growth rate of public expenditure in our first scenario), can be different for each geographical unit and entered as a vector (for example, at regional level, the CAP expenditure) or can be differentiated by regional/country typologies. The use of targets has some theoretical implications. First of ...
... growth rate of public expenditure in our first scenario), can be different for each geographical unit and entered as a vector (for example, at regional level, the CAP expenditure) or can be differentiated by regional/country typologies. The use of targets has some theoretical implications. First of ...
or Tariff
... – Effective rates of protection often differ from tariff rates because tariffs affect sectors other than the protected sector, causing indirect effects on the prices and value added for the protected sector. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights Copyright © 2010 Pearson Addison-Wesley. ...
... – Effective rates of protection often differ from tariff rates because tariffs affect sectors other than the protected sector, causing indirect effects on the prices and value added for the protected sector. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights Copyright © 2010 Pearson Addison-Wesley. ...
... Reflecting policy concerns similar to those leading to the MTRI, it may be useful to define other members of a group of trade-balance-constrained trade restrictiveness indexes based on the same logic. For example, in U.S.-Japan trade negotiations, the bilateral trade balance is often a focal point. ...
Crises and the Collapse of World Trade: The Shift to Lower
... market. The “Tariff Line” data are provided by the United Nations Statistics Division for the year 2005 only, and correspond to the bilateral exports and imports declarations by individual countries, at the most refined level of product disaggregation. These data allow us to compare unit values acro ...
... market. The “Tariff Line” data are provided by the United Nations Statistics Division for the year 2005 only, and correspond to the bilateral exports and imports declarations by individual countries, at the most refined level of product disaggregation. These data allow us to compare unit values acro ...
International factor movements
In international economics, international factor movements are movements of labor, capital, and other factors of production between countries. International factor movements occur in three ways: immigration/emigration, capital transfers through international borrowing and lending, and foreign direct investment. International factor movements also raise political and social issues not present in trade in goods and services. Nations frequently restrict immigration, capital flows, and foreign direct investment.