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Chapter 3 Functions
Chapter 3 Functions

... The above function f from domain, A, to the codomain, B, is normally denoted by f : A  B . The domain and codomain do not just consist of a few selected points shown in the above figures but could be all the real numbers. The variable x is the independent variable because f ( x) depends on x. What ...
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Functions Defined on General Sets

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... Now , we need to choose the solution of this equation which lies in [0,6] , the domain of f . Therefore we choose : x = 7 - √ 1 + ¼ y so , the inverse function expressed in terms of x is : f ‫־‬¹ (x) = 7 - √ 1 + ¼ x unit A3 ...
Cardinals and the size of infinite sets 1 Review of bijections
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... The common names for these three properties are reflexivity, antisymmetry and transitivity respectively. It is also traditional to define the “strictly less than” symbol < by x < y ⇐⇒ x ≤ y and x 6= y. The symbols ≥ and > are defined in terms of what we already have: x ≥ y if and only if y ≤ x, and ...
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... 20. A story is often told about how the great mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss (17771855) at a very young age was told by his teacher to find the sum of the first 100 counting numbers. While his classmates toiled at the problem, Carl simply wrote down a single number and handed it in to his teache ...
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4.3 Unit circle notes Vocab you must know 1st: initial side, vertex

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Math 130 Sample Test #3 Find dy/dx by implicit differentiation 1. 4 4

... (she really wouldn’t have enough air in her lungs for this one). The spherical balloon is being  inflated at the rate of 20 cubic feet per minute. At the instant when the radius is 15 feet, at what  rate is the radius increasing?  ...
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1.1 Sets of Real Numbers and The Cartesian Coordinate

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Les. 6.7 Roots and Zeros.notebook

... Every polynomial equation with degree greater than zero has at least  one root in the set of complex numbers. There was a lot of hoopla when it was proven;  there is only one reason it is important­its corollary. ...
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Fraïssé`s conjecture in Pi^1_1-comprehension

... If B is a block and Q a set, a map b : B → Q is called an array. Note that there is a one-to-one correspondence between continuous functions F : [N]N → Q (where Q is given the discrete topology) and arrays f : B → Q: Given a continuous function F : [N]N → Q, let B be the set of v-minimal strings σ ∈ ...
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... graph and it hits the graph in only one place then the graph is a function. If the line hits the graph in two or more places then the graph is not a function. ...
From Generalized Binomial Symbol to β− and α−sequences 1
From Generalized Binomial Symbol to β− and α−sequences 1

< 1 ... 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 ... 132 >

Non-standard calculus

In mathematics, non-standard calculus is the modern application of infinitesimals, in the sense of non-standard analysis, to differential and integral calculus. It provides a rigorous justification for some arguments in calculus that were previously considered merely heuristic.Calculations with infinitesimals were widely used before Karl Weierstrass sought to replace them with the (ε, δ)-definition of limit starting in the 1870s. (See history of calculus.) For almost one hundred years thereafter, mathematicians like Richard Courant viewed infinitesimals as being naive and vague or meaningless.Contrary to such views, Abraham Robinson showed in 1960 that infinitesimals are precise, clear, and meaningful, building upon work by Edwin Hewitt and Jerzy Łoś. According to Jerome Keisler, ""Robinson solved a three hundred year old problem by giving a precise treatment of infinitesimals. Robinson's achievement will probably rank as one of the major mathematical advances of the twentieth century.""
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